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Sleeve Muscle Actuator： Concept and Prototype Demonstration

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第2期10卷 222-230页

作者： tad Driver Xiangrong Shen Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Alabama 290 Hardaway Hall Box 870276 Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0276 USA

This paper presents the concept and prototype demonstration results of a new sleeve muscle actuator, which provides a significantly improved performance through a fundamental structural change to the traditional pneumatic muscle. Specifically, the sleeve muscle incorporates a cylindrical insert to the center of the pneumatic muscle, and thus eliminates the central portion of the internal volume. Through the analysis of the actuation mechanism, it is shown that the sleeve muscle is able to provide a consistent increase of force capacity over the entire range of motion. Furthermore, the sleeve muscle provides a significant energy saving effect, as a result of the reduced internal volume as well as the enhance force capacity. To demonstrate this new concept, a sleeve muscle prototype was designed and fabricated. Experiments conducted on the prototype verified the improvement in the force capacity and demonstrated a significant energy saving effect （20%-37%）. Finally, as the future work on this new concept, the paper presents a new robotic elbow design actuated with the proposed sleeve muscle. This unique design is expected to provide a highly compact and powerful actuation approach for robotic systems.

关键词： artificial muscle robotic actuator pneumatic actuator energy saving

Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura Huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and AlS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and AlS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica l.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota l.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

Phytochemical Study and Comparative Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Aerial Parts of <i>Chenopodium ambrosioides</i>linn. (Chenopodiaceae)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2021年第5期11卷 220-233页

作者： Gneiny Whad Tchani Kossi Sitsopé Agbeme kokou Agbékonyi Agbodan gnon Baba Kafui Kpegba laboratoire de Chimie Organique et des Substances Naturelles (lab COSNat) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Ressources Naturelles (lAGEPREN) Département de Chimie Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

The use of Chenopodium ambrosioides in some communities in Togo reveals its importance and its medicinal properties. The plant is often infused for medicinal drinks before use. Thus, through a comparative study, this work focused on the identification of the different phytochemical groups and then on the anti-radical capacities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts (lea- ves and seeds) of Chenopodium ambrosiooides obtained by maceration and infusion. The phytochemical tests, carried out on the various extracts, showed that they contained certain biomolecules such as flavonoids and tannins. Likewise, the presence of terpenoids and terpenes has been detected. However, it is only in aqueous extracts that the alkaloids have been revealed. The determination of the polyphenol content of the extracts revealed that the aqueous infusion contains 25.699 mgGAE/g DE, followed by the aqueous macerale="font-family:V

关键词： Chenopodium ambrosioides Anti-Radical Polyphenol DPPH

Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao Tan Junling lü Chunchi Zhang Dong liang lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(I_(ds))to the detected impulse(I).The applied force was detected and recorded by I_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

Structural network characteristics affect epidemic severity and prediction in social contact networks

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 204-213页

作者： Jae McKee tad Dallas Bioinnovation Program Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70118USA Department of Medicine Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA70112USA Department of Biological Sciences University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA

Understanding and mitigating epidemic spread in complex networks requires the measurement of structural network properties associated with epidemic *** measures of epidemic thresholds like the basic reproduction number(R0)have been adapted to account for the structure of social contact networks but still may be unable to capture epidemic potential relative to more recent measures based on spectral graph ***,we explore the ability of R0 and the spectral radius of the social contact network to estimate epidemic *** do so,we simulate epidemics on a series of constructed(small world,scale-free,and random networks)and a collection of over 700 empirical biological social contact ***,we explore how other network properties are related to these two epidemic estimators(R0 and spectral radius)and mean infection prevalence in simulated ***,we find that network properties strongly influence epidemic dynamics and the subsequent utility of R0 and spectral radius as indicators of epidemic risk.

关键词： Social contact network Spectral radius Epidemic severity Basic reproduction number

Non-existence of Shimura curves of Mumford type generically in the non-hyperelliptic locus

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： Xin lü Shengli Tan Kang Zuo School of Mathematical Sciences Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Engineering Applications(Ministry of Education) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical PracticeEast China Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University Institut für Mathematik Universit?t Mainz

We show that there does not exist any Shimura curve with a strictly maximal Higgs field generically in the Torelli locus of non-hyperelliptic curves of genus g≥4. In particular, Shimura curves of Mumford type are not...

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