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Insight into the experiment and extraction mechanism for separating carbazole from anthracene oil with quaternary ammonium-based deep eutectic solvents

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 188-199页

作者： Xudong Zhang Yanhua Liu Jun Shen Yugao Wang Gang Liu Yanxia niu Qingtao Sheng College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Carbazole is an irreplaceable basic organic chemical raw material and intermediate in *** separation of carbazole from anthracene oil by environmental benign solvents is important but still a challenge in chemical *** eutectic solvents (DESs) as a sustainable green separation solvent have been proposed for the separation of carbazole from model anthracene *** this research,three quaternary ammonium-based DESs were prepared using ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC),tetrabutylammonium bromide or choline chloride as hydrogen bond *** explore their extraction performance of carbazole,the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) model was used to predict the activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ^(∞)) of carbazole in DESs,and the result indicated TBAC:EG (1:2) had the stronger extraction ability for carbazole due to the higher capacity at infinite dilution (C^(∞)) ***,the separation performance of these three DESs was evaluated by experiments,and the experimental results were in good agreement with the COSMO-RS prediction *** TBAC:EG (1:2) was determined as the most promising ***,the extraction conditions of TBAC:EG (1:2) were optimized,and the extraction efficiency,distribution coefficient and selectivity of carbazole could reach up to 85.74%,30.18 and 66.10%,***,the TBAC:EG (1:2) could be recycled by using environmentally friendly water as *** addition,the separation performance of TBAC:EG (1:2) was also evaluated by real crude anthracene,the carbazole was obtained with purity and yield of 85.32%,60.27%,***,the extraction mechanism was elucidated byσ-profiles and interaction energy *** calculation results showed that the main driving force for the extraction process was the hydrogen bonding ((N–H...Cl) and van der Waals interactions (C–H...O and C–H...π),which correspondin

关键词： Carbazole Model anthracene oil Deep eutectic solvents COSMO-RS Extraction mechanism

High Efficiency Formamidinium-Cesium Perovskite-Based Radio-Photovoltaic Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 160-167页

作者： Runlong Gao Rui Chen Pengying Wan Xiao Ouyang Qiantao Lei Qi Deng Xinyu Guan Guangda niu Jiang Tang Wei Chen Zonghao Liu Xiaoping Ouyang Linyue Liu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi'an 710024China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Microelectronics Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Radio-photovoltaic cell is a micro nuclear battery for devices operating in extreme environments,which converts the decay energy of a radioisotope into electric energy by using a phosphor and a photovoltaic *** phosphors with high light yield and good environmental stability have been developed,but the performance of radio-photovoltaic cells remains far behind expectations in terms of power density and power conversion efficiency,because of the poor photoelectric conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic converters under low-light *** paper reports an radio-photovoltaic cell based on an intrinsically stable formamidinium-cesium perovskite photovoltaic converter exhibiting a wide light wavelength response from 300 to 800 nm,high open-circuit voltage(V_(oc)),and remarkable efficiency at low-light *** a He ions accelerator is adopted as a mimickedαradioisotope source with an equivalent activity of 0.83 mCi cm^(-2),the formamidinium-cesium perovskite radio-photovoltaic cell achieves a V_(oc)of 0.498 V,a short-circuit current(J_(sc))of 423.94 nA cm^(-2),and a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 0.886%,which is 6.6 times that of the Si reference radio-photovoltaic cell,as well as the highest among all radio-photovoltaic cells reported so *** work provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the performance of radio-photovoltaic cells.

关键词： formamidinium-cesium perovskite phosphor photovoltaic converter power conversion efficiency radio-photovoltaic cell

Genetic mutation of Tas2r104/Tas2r105/Tas2r114 cluster leads to a loss of taste perception to denatonium benzoate and cucurbitacin B

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 324-336页

作者： Bowen niu Lingling Liu Qian Gao Meng-Min Zhu Lixiang Chen Xiu-Hua Peng Boying Qin Xiaohui Zhou Feng Li Department of Laboratory Animal Science Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Biology College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China

Background:Bitter taste receptors(Tas2rs)are generally considered to sense various bitter compounds to escape the intake of toxic *** taste receptors have been found to widely express in extraoral tissues and have important physiological functions outside the gustatory system in ***:To investigate the physiological functions of the bitter taste receptor cluster Tas2r106/Tas2r104/Tas2r105/Tas2r114 in lingual and extraoral tissues,multiple Tas2rs mutant mice and Gnat3 were produced using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technique.A mixture containing Cas9 and sgRNA mRNAs for Tas2rs and Gnat3 gene was microinjected into the cytoplasm of the ***,T7EN1 assays and sequencing were used to screen genetic mutation at the target sites in founder *** real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and immunostaining were used to study the expression level of taste signaling cascade and bitter taste receptor in taste *** to taste substance was also studied using twobottle preference ***:We successfully produced several Tas2rs and Gnat3 mutant mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 *** results showed that the expression of GNAT3 and PLCB2 was not altered in Tas2rs mutant *** qRT-PCR results revealed the changed expression profile of m Tas2rs gene in taste buds of these mutant *** two-bottle preference tests,these mutant mice eliminate responses to cycloheximide due to genetic mutation of *** addition,these mutant mice showed a loss of taste perception to quinine dihydrochloride,denatonium benzoate,and cucurbitacin B(CuB).Gnat3-mediated taste receptor and its signal pathway contribute to CuB ***:These findings implied that these mutant mice would be a valuable means to understand the biological functions of TAS2Rs in extraoral tissues and investigate bitter compound-induced responses mediated by these TAS2Rs in many extraoral tissues.

关键词： bitter taste receptor CRISPR/Cas9 genetic mutation two-bottle preference test type 2 taste receptors(Tas2rs)

Design and Verification of Parallel Hip Exoskeleton Considering Output Torque Anisotropy

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1305-1320页

作者： Jilong Xu Yunzhan niu Fucai Liu Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Intelligent Control System and Intelligent Equipment Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Key Laboratory of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Heibei Province Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China College of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China

In rehabilitation training,it is crucial to consider the compatibility between exoskeletons and human legs in ***,most exoskeletons today adopt an anthropomorphic serial structure,which results in rotational centers that are not precisely aligned with the center of the hip *** address this issue,we introduce a novel exoskeleton called the Parallel Hip Exoskeleton(PH-Exo)in this ***-Exo is meticulously designed based on the anisotropic law of output *** the friction of the drive components,a dynamic model of the human-machine complex is *** analysis demonstrates that PH-Exo not only exhibits outstanding torque performance but also achieves high controllability in both flexion/extension and adduction/abduction ***,a robust controller is designed to address model uncertainty,friction,and external *** experiments indicate that under the control of the robust controller,each motor achieves excellent tracking performance.

关键词： Hip exoskeleton Parallel mechanism Misalignment Anisotropy Output torque

An Asynchronous Variational Integrator for Contact Problems Involving Elastoplastic Solids

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第2期37卷 305-315页

作者： Zongwu niu Zixiao Wang Yongxing Shen University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Department of Biostatistics Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland21205USA

Simulations of contact problems involving at least one plastic solid may be costly due to their strong nonlinearity and requirements of *** this work,we develop an explicit asynchronous variational integrator(AVI)for inelastic non-frictional contact problems involving a plastic *** AVI assigns each element in the mesh an independent time step and updates the solution at the elements and nodes *** asynchrony makes the AVI highly efficient in solving such bi-material *** advantage of the AVI,the constitutive update is locally performed in one element at a time,and contact constraints are also enforced on only one *** time step of the contact element is subdivided into multiple segments,and the fields are updated *** a contact event,only one element involving a few degrees of freedom is considered,leading to high *** proposed formulation is first verified with a pure elastodynamics benchmark and further applied to a contact problem involving an elastoplastic solid with non-associative volumetric *** numerical results indicate that the AVI exhibits excellent energy behaviors and has high computational efficiency.

关键词： Asynchronous variational integrator Plasticity Contact Computational efficiency Finite element method

Vascularization ability of glioma stem cells in different three-dimensional microenvironments

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 34-43页

作者： Xuanzhi Wang Tao Xu Chaoshi niu Department of Neurosurgery The First Affliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230036China Department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072People's Republic of China Center for Bio-intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting Research Institute of Tsinghua University in ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518057People's Republicof China

Glioblastoma(GBM)is among the most common and aggressive adult central nervous system *** prominent charac-teristic of GBM is the presence of abnormal microvessels.A significant correlation between angiogenesis and prognosis has been *** reconstructing this neovascula-rization and tumor microenvironment through personalized in vitro disease models presents a significant ***,it is crucial to develop new anti-angiogenic therapies for *** this study,3D bioprinted glioma stem cell(GSC)-laden hydrogel scaffolds,hybrid Gsc hydrogels and ceil-free hydrogel scaffolds were manufactured to investigate the vas-cularization ability of GsCs in varying 3D microenvironments.

关键词： 3D bioprinting xenograft tumors GSC-laden hydrogel scaffold glioblastoma angiogenesis

An integrative mathematical model of microwave ion thruster for mHz-frequency thrust noise analysis

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 121-136页

作者： Xiang niu Hui LIU Daren YU Plasma Propulsion Laboratory Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Many high-precision space missions need thrusters to produce thrust with low noise to compensate for disturbances and ensure satellite platform stability. Microwave ion thruster is characterized with a wide thrust range and potential for these missions. A cost-effective and accurate mathematical model is crucial for mHz-frequency thrust noise analysis and feedback controller design. The Particle-In-Cell(PIC) and global models are two common simulation tools. The PIC model is characterized with high accuracy but huge computation cost, which is difficult to analyze long-time performance characteristics. Now, the global model is only used for the discharge chamber with low accuracy and cannot reflect ion extraction properties. In this paper, an integrative mathematical model is built for a 1-cm microwave ion thruster and can reflect ion beamlet divergence and impingement on the Accelerator Grid(AG). Simulation results show good agreement with experiments at 0.06 sccm. However, the model demonstrates worse consistency with experiments when the flux increases to 0.1 sccm, which may be because the influence of neutral gas on the Electron Cyclotron Resonance(ECR) is not considered in the model. A long-time(1000 s) simulation is conducted with this model under 35 μN. It takes 3 hrs, and the thrust noise reaches 1 μN/Hz^(0.5) at 1 mHz.

关键词： Electric propulsion Microwave ion thruster Integrative model Sheath property Ion beamlet divergence Thrust noise Plasma

Jackson-type inequalities on high-dimensional spheres

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第11期67卷 2571-2586页

作者： Yeli niu Feng Dai Department of Mathematics Shanghai Normal University Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta

We study Jackson's inequality on high-dimensional spheres with respect to the modulus of smoothness defined via the rotation *** obtain a version of Jackson's inequality with a dimensionfree constant,extending Newman and Shapiro's well-known results in 1964 from the case of r = 1 and p = ∞ to more general *** results partially overcome the curse of *** also establish similar results on the equivalence of the K-functional and modulus of smoothness.

关键词： modulus of smoothness $K$-functional Jackson's inequality high-dimensional approximation

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Event-triggered sliding mode control of linear repetitive processes and its application in metal rolling process

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 167-181页

作者： Xinyu LV Yugang niu James LAM Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process (East China University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This paper investigates the design problem of a sliding mode controller for linear repetitive processes(LRPs) with a finite pass length on each pass. Under limited communication resources, an eventtriggered mechanism is implemented from the sensors to the controller, whose triggered sequence is consistent with the evolution direction of LRPs. To periodically orchestrate communication between the controller and actuator, a round-robin scheduling mechanism is established based on the pass length. A sliding function involving the state and pass profile is constructed, and the sliding mode controller is designed using triggered states and pass profile signals. Feasible controller gains are attained to ensure the stability of the resultant closed-loop system. Finally, the proposed strategy is implemented for a multi-roll metal rolling process.

关键词： event-triggered mechanism linear repetitive processes metal rolling process round-robin scheduling sliding mode control

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