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Layer chicken microbiota:a comprehensive analysis of spatial and temporal dynamics across all major gut sections

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1056-1070页

作者： Yadav sharma Bajagai Thi Thu Hao Van nitish Joat Kapil Chousalkar Robert J.Moore Dragana Stanley Institute for Future Farming Systems Central Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia School of Science RMIT UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of AdelaideRoseworthySouth Australia 5371Australia

Background The gut microbiota influences chicken health,welfare,and productivity.A diverse and balanced microbiota has been associated with improved growth,efficient feed utilisation,a well-developed immune system,disease resistance,and stress tolerance in *** studies on chicken gut microbiota have predominantly focused on broiler chickens and have usually been limited to one or two sections of the digestive system,under con-trolled research environments,and often sampled at a single time *** extend these studies,this investigation examined the microbiota of commercially raised layer chickens across all major gut sections of the digestive system and with regular sampling from rearing to the end of production at 80 *** aim was to build a detailed picture of microbiota development across the entire digestive system of layer chickens and study spatial and temporal *** The taxonomic composition of gut microbiota differed significantly between birds in the rearing and pro-duction stages,indicating a shift after laying *** microbiota compositions were observed between proven-triculus and gizzard,as well as between jejunum and ileum,likely due to their anatomical ***-lus dominated the upper gut in pullets and the lower gut in older *** oesophagus had a high proportion of Proteobacteria,including opportunistic pathogens such as *** abundance of Gallibacterium increased after peak production in multiple gut *** was enriched in the late-lay phase compared to younger birds in multiple gut *** influenced microbial richness and diversity in different *** upper gut showed decreased diversity over time,possibly influenced by dietary changes,while the lower gut,specifi-cally cecum and colon,displayed increased richness as birds ***,age-related changes were inconsist-ent across all organs,suggesting the influence of organ-specific factors in micro

关键词： Chicken microbiota Gut microbiota Layers Spatial variation Temporal variation

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Echocardiographic predictors and associated outcomes of multiple vegetations in infective endocarditis:A pilot study

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 318-328页

作者： Ajay Kumar Mishra Kannu Bansal Ibragim Al-Seykal Pradnya B Bhattad Anu Anna George Anil Jha nitish sharma Jennifer Sargent Mark J Kranis Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Medicine Division of CardiologySaint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACKGROUND Infective endocarditis(IE)is a life-threatening infection with an annual mortality of 40%.Embolic events reported in up to 80%of *** of>10 mm size are associated with increased embolic events and poor *** is a paucity of literature on the association of multiple vegetations with *** To study the echocardiographic(ECHO)features and outcomes associated with the presence of multiple *** In this retrospective,single-center,cohort study patients diagnosed with IE were recruited from June 2017 to June 2019.A total of 84 patients were diagnosed to have IE,of whom 67 with vegetation were *** demographic,clinical,laboratory,and ECHO parameters were *** that were studied included recurrent admission,embolic phenomenon,and *** Twenty-three(34%)patients were noted to have multiple vegetations,13(56.5%)were male and 10(43.5%)were *** mean age of these patients was ***(35%)had a prior episode of *** features of moderate to severe valvular regurgitation[odds ratio(OR)=4],presence of pacemaker lead(OR=4.8),impaired left ventricle(LV)relaxation(OR=4),and elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP)(OR=2.2)are associated with higher odds of multiple *** these moderate to severe valvular regurgitation(P=0.028),pacemaker lead(P=0.039)and impaired relaxation(P=0.028)were statistically *** patients were noted to have an increased association of recurrent admissions(OR=3.6),recurrent bacteremia(OR=2.4),embolic phenomenon(OR=2.5),intensive care unit stay(OR=2.8),hypotension(OR=2.1),surgical intervention(OR=2.8)and device removal(OR=4.8).Of this device removal(P=0.039)and recurrent admissions(P=0.017)were statistically *** This study highlights the associations of ECHO predictors and outcomes in patients with IE having multiple *** features of moderate to severe regurgitation,presence of pacemaker lead,impai

关键词： Endocarditis Echocardiography Vegetations Predictors Outcome

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Performance Enhancement of Adaptive Neural Networks Based on Learning Rate

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 2005-2019页

作者： Swaleha Zubair Anjani Kumar Singha nitish pathak.neelam sharma Shabana Urooj Samia Rabeh Larguech Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology(BPIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110089India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology(MAIT)GGSIPUNew DelhiIndia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Deep learning is the process of determining parameters that reduce the cost function derived from the *** optimization in neural networks at the time is known as the optimal *** solve optimization,it initialize the parameters during the optimization *** should be no variation in the cost function parameters at the global *** momentum technique is a parameters optimization approach;however,it has difficulties stopping the parameter when the cost function value fulfills the global minimum(non-stop problem).Moreover,existing approaches use techniques;the learning rate is reduced during the iteration *** techniques are monotonically reducing at a steady rate over time;our goal is to make the learning rate *** present a method for determining the best parameters that adjust the learning rate in response to the cost function *** a result,after the cost function has been optimized,the process of the rate Schedule is *** approach is shown to ensure convergence to the optimal *** indicates that our strategy minimizes the cost function(or effective learning).The momentum approach is used in the proposed *** solve the Momentum approach non-stop problem,we use the cost function of the parameter in our proposed *** a result,this learning technique reduces the quantity of the parameter due to the impact of the cost function *** verify that the learning works to test the strategy,we employed proof of convergence and empirical tests using current methods and the results are obtained using Python.

关键词： Deep learning optimization convergence stochastic gradient methods

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Design of ANN Based Non-Linear Network Using Interconnection of Parallel Processor

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3491-3508页

作者： Anjani Kumar Singha Swaleha Zubair Areej Malibari nitish pathak Shabana Urooj neelam sharma Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology(BPIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110078India Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Artificial Intelligence&Machine Learning Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology(MAIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110086India

Suspicious mass traffic constantly evolves,making network behaviour tracing and structure more *** networks yield promising results by considering a sufficient number of processing elements with strong interconnections between *** offer efficient computational Hopfield neural networks models and optimization constraints used by undergoing a good amount of parallelism to yield optimal *** neural network(ANN)offers optimal solutions in classifying and clustering the various reels of data,and the results obtained purely depend on identifying a *** this research work,the design of optimized applications is presented in an organized *** addition,this research work examines theoretical approaches to achieving optimized results using *** mainly focuses on designing *** optimizing design approach of neural networks analyzes the internal process of the neural *** in developing the network are based on the interconnections among the hidden nodes and their learning *** methodology is proven best for nonlinear resource allocation problems with a suitable design and complex *** ANN proposed here considers more or less 46k nodes hidden inside 49 million connections employed on full-fledged parallel *** proposed ANN offered optimal results in real-world application problems,and the results were obtained using MATLAB.

关键词： Artificial neural network(ANN) multiprocessor hidden node nonlinear optimization parallel processing

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A Novel Hybrid Clustering Based Transmission Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2459-2473页

作者： neelam sharma Harshita Chadha Karan Singh B.M.Singh nitish pathak Research Scholar Computer Science and EngineeringUttarakhand Technical University(UTU)DehradunIndia Computer Science and Engineering Maharaja Agrasen Institute of TechnologyNew DelhiIndia School of Computer&Systems Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University(JNU)DelhiIndia College of Engineering Roorkee UTUDehradunIndia Department of Information Technology KIET Group of InstitutionsGhaziabadIndia

Wireless sensor networks are a collection of intelligent sensor devices that are connected to one another and have the capability to exchange information packets amongst *** recent years,this field of research has become increasingly popular due to the host of useful applications it can potentially serve.A deep analysis of the concepts associated with this domain reveals that the two main problems that are to be tackled here are throughput enhancement and network security *** present article takes on one of these two issues namely the throughput *** the purpose of improving network productivity,a hybrid clustering based packet propagation protocol has been *** protocol makes use of not only clustering mechanisms of machine learning but also utilizes the traditional forwarding function approach to arrive at an optimum *** result of the simulation is a novel transmission protocol which significantly enhances network productivity and increases throughput value.

关键词： Forwarding function wireless sensor networks WSNs WBANs energy characteristics clustering hybrid mechanism dissipated energy network stability

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Robust Vehicle Detection Based on Improved You Look Only Once

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3561-3577页

作者： Sunil Kumar Manisha Jailia Sudeep Varshney nitish pathak Shabana Urooj Nouf Abd Elmunim Department of Computer Science Banasthali VidyapithRajasthan304022India Department of Computer Science&Engineering School of Engineering&TechnologySharda UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology(BPIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110078India Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Vehicle detection is still challenging for intelligent transportation systems(ITS)to achieve satisfactory *** existing methods based on one stage and two-stage have intrinsic weakness in obtaining high vehicle detection *** to advancements in detection technology,deep learning-based methods for vehicle detection have become more popular because of their higher detection accuracy and speed than the existing *** paper presents a robust vehicle detection technique based on Improved You Look Only Once(RVD-YOLOv5)to enhance vehicle detection *** proposed method works in three phases;in the first phase,the K-means algorithm performs data clustering on datasets to generate the classes of the ***,in the second phase,the YOLOv5 is applied to create the bounding box,and the Non-Maximum Suppression(NMS)technique is used to eliminate the overlapping of the bounding boxes of the ***,the loss function CIoU is employed to obtain the accurate regression bounding box of the vehicle in the third *** simulation results show that the proposed method achieves better results when compared with other state-of-art techniques,namely LightweightDilated Convolutional Neural Network(LD-CNN),Single Shot Detector(SSD),YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 on the performance metric like precision,recall,mAP and *** simulation and analysis are carried out on PASCAL VOC 2007,2012 and MS COCO 2017 datasets to obtain better performance for vehicle ***,the RVD-YOLOv5 obtains the results with an mAP of 98.6%and Precision,Recall,and F1-Score are 98%,96.2%and 97.09%,respectively.

关键词： Image-processing K-means clustering CNN YOLOv5 loss function deep-learning

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Smart Quarantine Environment Privacy through IoT Gadgets Using Blockchain

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 3021-3036页

作者： nitish pathak Shams Tabrez Siddiqui Anjani Kumar Singha Heba G Mohamed Shabana Urooj Abhinandan R Patil Department of Information Technology Bhagwan Parshuram Institute of Technology(BPIT)GGSIPUNew Delhi110078India Department of Computer Science Jazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP O Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Sanjay Ghodawat University KolhapurMaharashtra416118India

The coronavirus,formerly known as COVID-19,has caused massive global *** a precaution,most governments imposed quarantine periods ranging from months to years and postponed signiﬁcantﬁnancial ***,governments around the world have used cutting-edge technologies to track citizens’*** of sensors were connected to IoT(Internet of Things)devices to monitor the catastrophic eruption with billions of connected devices that use these novel tools and apps,privacy and security issues regarding data transmission and memory space *** this study,we suggest a block-chain-based methodology for safeguarding data in the billions of devices and sen-sors connected over the *** trial secrecy and safety qualities are based on cutting-edge *** evaluate the proposed model,we recom-mend using an application of the system,a Raspberry Pi single-board computer in an IoT system,a laptop,a computer,cell phones and the Ethereum smart contract *** models ability to ensure safety,effectiveness and a suitable budget is proved by the Gowalla dataset results.

关键词： Ring signature blockchain IoT encryption smart contract decryption authentication privacy-preserving

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An Analysis of Integrating Machine Learning in Healthcare for Ensuring Confidentiality of the Electronic Records

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1387-1422页

作者： Adil Hussain Seh Jehad F.Al-Amri Ahmad F.Subahi Alka Agrawal nitish pathak Rajeev Kumar Raees Ahmad Khan Department of Information Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226025India Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21421Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversityDelhi110078India Department of Computer Applications Shri Ramswaroop Memorial UniversityBarabanki225003India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Babu Banarasi Das UniversityLucknow226028India

The adoption of sustainable electronic healthcare infrastructure has revolutionized healthcare services and ensured that E-health technology caters efficiently and promptly to the needs of the stakeholders associated with *** the phenomenal advancement in the present healthcare services,the major obstacle that mars the success of E-health is the issue of ensuring the confidentiality and privacy of the patients’data.A thorough scan of several research studies reveals that healthcare data continues to be the most sought after entity by cyber *** approaches and methods have been practiced by researchers to secure healthcare digital ***,there are very few from the Machine learning(ML)domain even though the technique has the proactive ability to detect suspicious accesses against Electronic Health Records(EHRs).The main aim of this work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the existing research studies that address healthcare data confidentiality issues through ML *** guidelines have been practiced as a manual to conduct this *** well-known digital libraries namely IEEE Xplore,Science Direct,Springer Link,ACM Digital Library,Willey Online Library,PubMed(Medical and Bio-Science),and MDPI have been included to performan exhaustive search for the existing pertinent *** of this study depict that machine learning provides a more robust security mechanism for sustainable management of the EHR systems in a proactive fashion,yet the specified area has not been fully explored by the researchers.K-nearest neighbor algorithm and KNIEM implementation tools are mostly used to conduct experiments on EHR systems’log *** and performance measure of practiced techniques are not sufficiently outlined in the primary *** research endeavour depicts that there is a need to analyze the dynamic digital healthcare environment more *** accuracy and effective implementation of

关键词： EHRs healthcare machine learning systematic analysis

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Clinical pregnancy rate of women with unexplained infertility with or without cervical mucus aspiration before intrauterine insemination: A randomized controlled trial

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第6期11卷 247-252页

作者： Richa Vatsa Vanita Suri Shalini Gainder Aashima Arora Japleen Kaur neelam Choudhary Shruti sharma Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 120012India Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Dr B R Ambedkar Institute of Medical Sciences56 ASector 56SAS NagarPunjab 160055India

Objective:To detect effect of removing cervical mucus before performing intrauterine insemination(IUI)on pregnancy rate in patients with unexplained ***:The randomized controlled trial was conducted in Infertility Division of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care *** 80 patients of unexplained infertility were *** computer generated block randomization in block size of 4 and 6,patients were randomly allocated at time of starting ovarian stimulation into the cervical mucus removal group or the non-removal of cervical mucus group before IUI,40 in each *** stimulation with clomiphene 100 mg from day 2-6 of menstrual cycle along with human menopausal gonadotropin 150 IU was given alternate day starting from day *** monitoring was done and further doses given as per response;trigger was planned when 1-3 follicle reach a diameter of>18 *** was planned after *** was done as per the group *** cleaning was done in the cervical mucus removal group by aspirating mucus with IUI syringe and sterile cotton swab before *** primary outcome was clinical pregnancy *** of difficult IUIs and cycle cancellation due to ovarian hyperstimulation were also ***:IUI was not done in 4 patients due to *** per IUI cycle occurred in 7.9%(3/38)in the cervical mucus removal group and 21.1%(8/38)in the non-removal of cervical mucus *** was no statistically significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate between two groups(P=0.19).Conclusions:There is a trend towards a lower clinical pregnancy rate with removal of cervical mucus before IUI in women of unexplained infertility though the difference is not statistically *** studies with large sample size need to be done on this intervention.

关键词： Unexplained infertility Intrauterine insemination Cervical mucus removal Pregnancy outcome Randomized controlled trial

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Effect of hydrogen bond formation/replacement on solubility characteristics, gastric permeation and pharmacokinetics of curcumin by application of powder solution technology

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第6期6卷 600-613页

作者： Vijay sharma Kamla pathak Department of Pharmaceutics Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy

The present research aimed to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of curcumin using the potential of liquisolid technology. Twelve drug-loaded liquisolid systems(LS-1 to LS-12) were prepared using different vehicles(PEG 200, PEG 400 and Tween 80) and curcumin concentrations in vehicle(40%, 50%, 60% and 70%, w/w). The carrier [microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) PH102] to coat(Aerosils) ratio was 20 in all formulations. The systems were screened for pre-compression properties before being compressed to liquisolid tablets(LT-1 to LT-12). Post compression tests and in vitro dissolution of LTs were conducted and the results compared with those obtained for a directly compressed tablet(DCT) made of curcumin, MCC PH102 and Aerosils. LTs exhibited higher cumulative drug release(CDR) than the DCT and the optimum formulation, LT-9(made using Tween 80), was studied by powder XRD, DSC, SEM and FTIR. Ex-vivo permeation of curcumin from LT-9 through goat gastrointestinal mucosa was significantly(Po0.05) enhanced and its oral bioavailability was increased18.6-fold in New Zealand rabbits. In vitro cytotoxicity(IC50) of LT-9 towards NCL 87 cancer cells was40.2 mmol/L substantiating its anticancer efficacy. Accelerated stability studies revealed insignificant effects of temperature and humidity on LT-9. In summary, solubility enhancement of curcumin in LTs produced significant improvements in its permeation and bioavailability.

关键词： Liquisolid 药片粉末答案技术 Curcumin 氢契约形成 Cytotoxicity 胃的浸透 Bioavailability Pharmacokinetics

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