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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2019年第4期1卷 289-299页

作者： nitin Verma Vivek Kumar m.C.Bansal Department of Paper Technology Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee Saharanpur CampusSaharanpurUttar Pradesh 247001India

Starch is one of the most abundant renewable carbohydrate reserves of higher *** can be used to produce many valuable food products in the food processing ***,starch is also used as an important feedstock in the fermentation industry to produce value-added *** materials such as agriculture and forestry wastes are considered as a renewable feedstock for bioenergy production through a biochemical conversion *** lignocellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals entail a physicochemical pretreatment of the biomass,followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the polysaccharide components such as cellulose and hemicellulose into monomeric *** sugars can then be further fermented into other desired compounds of *** the deconstruction processes,various inhibitory compounds are released due to the partial over-degradation of lignocellulose biomass,which inhibits the cell growth and metabolic capacity of fermenting *** materials such as waste paper in large quantities can also be used as potentially cheap feedstock for sustainable production of value-added *** present investigation is mainly focused on the utility of starchy hydrolysates(wheat,potato,and rice)and lignocellulosics hydrolysates(bagasse and wheat straw)in cellulase production under liquid state *** also depicts the potential of cellulosic hydrolysate(waste newspaper)in product formation.

关键词： Starch hydrolysate Bagasse hydrolysate Wheat straw hydrolysate Waste newspaper hydrolysate Cellulases

Design and Analysis of Graphene Based Tunnel Field Effect Transistor with Various Ambipolar Reducing Techniques

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 1309-1320页

作者： Puneet Kumar mishra Amrita Rai nitin Sharma Kanika Sharma nitin m.ttal mohd Anul Haq Ilyas Khan ElSayed m.Tag El Din Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and ManegmentGretear NoidaIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chandigarh UnievrsityMohaliPunjabIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering NITTTRChandigarhIndia University Center of Research&Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali121102India Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah University11952Al-MajmaahSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt

The fundamental advantages of carbon-based graphene material,such as its high tunnelling probability,symmetric band structure(linear dependence of the energy band on the wave direction),low effective mass,and characteristics of its 2D atomic layers,are the main focus of this research *** impact of channel thickness,gate under-lap,asymmetric source/drain doping method,workfunction of gate contact,and High-K material on Graphene-based Tunnel Field Effect Transistor(TFET)is analyzed with 20 nm *** modelling and electrical characteristic performance have been simulated using the Atlas device simulator of SILVACO TCAD with user-defined material syntax for the newly included graphene material in comparison to silicon carbide(SiC).The simulation results in significant suppression of ambipolar current to voltage characteristics of TFET and modelled device exhibits a significant improvement in subthreshold swing(0.0159 V/decade),the ratio of Ion/Ioff(1000),and threshold voltage(-0.2 V with highly doped p-type source and 0.2 V with highly doped n-type drain)with power supply of 0.5 V,which make it useful for low power digital applications.

关键词： Graphene tunnel field effect transistor(TFET) band to band tunnelling subthreshold swing

Optimizing artificial neural network-based indoor positioning system using genetic algorithm

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第2期6卷 158-184页

作者： Hamid mehmood nitin K.Tripathi Remote Sensing&Geographic Information Systems Field of Study School of Engineering and TechnologyAsian Institute of TechnologyPathumthaniThailand

The Global Positioning System(GPS)is expected to play an integral role in the development of digital earth;however,the GPS cannot provide positioning information in regions where a majority of the population spends their time,that is,in urban and indoor ***,alternate positioning systems that work in indoor and urban environments should be developed to achieve the vision of digital ***-Fi-based positioning systems(WPS)stand out because of the near-ubiquitous presence of the associated infrastructure and signals in indoor *** WPS-based fingerprinting is the most widely adopted technique for position determination,but its accuracy is lower than that of techniques such as time of arrival and angle of *** the accuracy is still a challenging task because of the complex nature of the propagation of Wi-Fi ***,a novel server-based,genetic-algorithm-optimized,cascading artificial neural network-based positioning model is *** model is tested in 2D and 3D indoor environments under varying *** model is thoroughly investigated on a real Wi-Fi network,and its accuracy is found to be better than that of other well-known techniques.A mean accuracy of 1.9 m is achieved with 87%of the distance error within the range of 0-3 m.

关键词： indoor positioning systems GNSS Wi-Fi positioning artificial neural networks genetic algorithms

Three-dimensional bio-printing: A new frontier in oncology research

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第1期8卷 21-36页

作者： nitin Charbe Paul A mcCarron murtaza m Tambuwala Unit of Clinical Pharmacology L.Sacco University HospitalUniversity of Milan School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science University of Ulster

Current research in oncology deploys methods that rely principally on two-dimensional(2D) mono-cell cultures and animal *** these methodologies have led to significant advancement in the development of novel experimental therapeutic agents with promising anticancer activity in the laboratory, clinicians still struggle to manage cancer in the clinical *** disappointing translational success is attributable mainly to poor representation and recreation of the cancer microenvironment present in human ***(3D) bio-printed models could help to simulate this micro-environment, with recent bio-printing of live human cells demonstrating that effective in vitro replication is *** literature review outlines up-to-date advancements and developments in the use of 3D bio-printed models currently being used in oncology *** innovative advancements in 3D bio-printing open up a new frontier for oncology research and could herald an era of progressive clinical cancer therapeutics.

关键词： Cancer Three-dimensional bio-printing In vitro In vivo Biomaterials

White grubs, Holotrichia rustica and Holotrichia mucida （Coleoptera： Scarabaeidae） as pests of teak （Tectona grandis L. f.） seedlings

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Insect Science 2009年第6期16卷 519-525页

作者： nitin Kulkarni Sanjay Paunikar Kailash Chandra Joshi John Rogers Tropical Forest Research Institute Jabalpur India Research Connections and Consulting P.O. Box 350 Toowong Queensland 4066 Australia

Field observations were carried out between 2002 and 2005 on bio-ecology of white grubs infesting teak （Tectona grandis Linn. f.） seedlings at Ramdongari Forest Nursery, Forest Development Corporation of maharashtra, Nagpur in central India. The study collected the data required for an integrated pest management strategy against the white grubs. The species damaging teak seedlings were Holotrichia rustica （Burmeister） and H. mucida Gyllenhal. The beetles （adults） of both these species began to emerge just after the pre-monsoon showers and when the relative humidity had risen rapidly over several days, but before the first monsoon rains. While the adults fed and mated on naturally growing bushes of Ziziphus jujuba, Z mauritiana, Z. xylopyra, Acacia leucophloea and A. catechu immediately after the emergence from the teak beds in the nursery, the immature stages （grubs） of both species fed on roots of the teak seedling, leading to plant death. This is the first report of （i） damage caused to teak seedlings by grubs ofH. rustica and H. mucida, and （ii） of *** and Z. mauritiana being hosts for the beetles ofH. mucida and H, rustica. It is also the first detailed report on the field bio-ecology of the H. rustica and H. mucida as major pests ofteak. White grubs are among the toughest-to-manage pests of economic importance and information presented here on the pest incidence and damage ofH. rustica and H. mucida is important to researchers and nursery field managers for the management of these pests on teak.

关键词： adult emergence chafer beetles environmental factors incidence Indian scarabs insect pests melolonthinae population density Ziziphus

An Artificial Neural Network-Based Snow Cover Predictive modeling in the Higher Himalayas

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Journal of mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 825-837页

作者： Bhogendra mISHRA nitin K.TRIPATHI muk S.BABEL Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong LuangPathumthani 12120 Thailand Water Engineering and management Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand

With trends indicating increase in temperature and decrease in winter precipitation, a significant negative trend in snow-covered areas has been identified in the last decade in the Himalayas. This requires a quantitative analysis of the snow cover in the higher Himalayas. In this study, a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model, an artificial neural network （ANN）, was deployed to predict the snow cover in the Kaligandaki river basin for the next 30 years. Observed climatic data, and snow covered area was used to train and test the model that captures the gross features of snow under the current climate scenario. The range of the likely effects of climate change on seasonal snow was assessed in the Himalayas using downscaled temperature and precipitation change projection from - HadCm3, a global circulation model to project future climate scenario, under the AIB emission scenario, which describes a future world of very rapid economic growth with balance use between fossil and non-fossil energy sources. The results show that there is a reduction of 9% to 46% of snow cover in different elevation zones during the considered time period, i.e., 2Oll to 2040. The 4700 m to 52oo m elevation zone is the most affected area and the area higher than 5200 m is the least affected. Overall, however, it is clear from the analysis that seasonal snow in the Kaligandaki basin is likely to be subject to substantialchanges due to the impact of climate change.

关键词： Snow cover Kaligandai river Himalayas Artificial neural network Global warming Climatechange

Plastic scintillator detector for qualitative and quantitative measurements of gamma radiation

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Radiation Detection Technology and methods 2023年第4期7卷 578-588页

作者： Vaishali m.Thakur nitin Bhosale Amit Jain mukesh Sharma L.m.Chaudhari Probal Chaudhury Radiation Safety Systems Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai400085India Department of Physics Nowrosjee Wadia CollegePune411001India

Background Plastic scintillator detectors are rugged and easily manufactured in desired shape,sizes and response time to gamma radiation is prompt as compared with any other scintillator *** popular these detectors are used in radiation monitors one of the application to restrict radioactive material *** are used in gross counting mode to know the presence of *** secondary survey is required to know the nature of the *** The feasibility study of Cylindrical Plastic Scintillator Detector(CPSD)was carried out for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of gamma emitting *** In this work limited gamma spectrometry was carried out using NE110 equivalent cylindrical plastic scintillating material of 5.1 cm diameter and 100 cm *** is optically coupled to photomultiplier tube(PmT).The detector signal is processed using preamplifier,shaping amplifier and further analysed by a multi channel analyser(mCA).CPSD gamma spectrum consists of Compton continuum and Gaussian shaped Compton edge energy(λ_(e))appearing as Compton maxima energy(λ_(max)).Photon transport simulation is used to characterizeλ_(max) as a signature for radionuclides emitting gamma energy/*** case of unresolved gamma energies,it appears as weighted effective Compton maxima *** prominent gamma energies observed across nuclear industries are in the energy range 0.03–3 *** is grouped as low energy,intermediate energy,high energy and ultra-high energy *** simulated spectrum is obtained suing Gaussian broadening parameters deduced from experimentally measured *** efficiency response function is developed from simulated response of detector to standard gamma sources under known source detector *** The mono energetic gamma emitting radioisotopes are identified againstλ_(max) from data *** analysis of spectrum is used to discriminate artificial radioactive materi

关键词： Plastic scintillator detector Gaussian broadening Compton edge Compton maxima Weighted effective Compton maxima Gamma spectrum multi-channel analyzer

Power Optimized multiple-UAV Error-Free Network in Cognitive Environment

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3189-3201页

作者： Shakti Raj Chopra Parulpreet Singh Ahmed Alhussen nitin m.ttal mohdAnul Haq School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab144411India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjab140413India Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

many extensive UAV communication networks have used UAV cooperative *** networking services can be offered using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)as aerial base *** only is coverage maximization,but also better connectivity,a fundamental design challenge that must be *** number of applications for unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)operating in unlicensed bands is fast expanding as the Internet of Things(IoT)*** bands,however,have become overcrowded as the number of systems that use them *** Radio(CR)and spectrum allocation approaches have emerged as a potential approach for resolving spectrum scarcity in wireless networks,and hence as technological solutions for future generations,from this *** a result,combining CR with UAVs has the potential to give significant benefits for large-scale UAV *** paper examines existing research on the subject of UAV covering and proposes a multi-UAV cognitive-based error-free model for energy-efficient *** maximization,power control,and enhanced connection quality are the three steps of the proposed *** satisfy the desired signal-to-noise ratio,the covering zone efficacy is investigated as a function of the distance among UAVs stationed in a specific geographic region depending on multiple deployment configurations like as rural,suburban,and urban macro deployment scenarios of the ITU-R m.2135 standard(SNR).

关键词： UAV networks multi-UAV coverage energy-efficient FER SNR

Immunophenotypic signature of primary glioblastoma multiforme: A case of extended progression free survival

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第6期5卷 247-253页

作者： Puneet Gandhi Richa Khare nitin Garg Sandeep Sorte Department of Research Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre Department of Neurosurgery Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre Bansal Hospital

Glioblastoma-multiforme(GBm), the most aggressive glial tumor, has a worldwide age-adjusted incidence ranging from 0.59-3.69/100000 persons. Despite current multimodal-treatment approach, median-survival time and progression-free survival(PFS) remains short. Glioblastomas display a variety of molecular alterations, which necessitates determining which of these have a prognostic significance. This is a case of a 45-yearold patient who presented with progressive slurring of speech and features of raised intracranial pressure. Computed tomography(CT) scan revealed a large heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the left front-temporalperisylvian region with solid, cystic areas, suggestive of malignant glioma. Partial tumor-excision was followed by concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. Histopathologically, the tumor was astrocytoma grade-IV. Patient had an extended PFS of 12 mo, with an overall survival of 26 mo. Primary-GBm was confirmed using molecular markers and the immunophenotypic signature was defined by evaluating systemic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, interleukin-6, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, human chitinase-3-like-protein-1(YKL-40) and high mobility group-A1. Current findings suggest that this signature can identify worst outcomes, independent of clinical criteria.

关键词： Glioblastoma multiforme Immunophenotypic signature Progression free survival molecular markers Human telomerase reverse transcriptase Interleukin-6 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 YKL-40 High mobility group-A1

Systematic coarse-graining of epoxy resins with machine learning-informed energy renormalization

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 1529-1540页

作者： Andrea Giuntoli nitin K.Hansoge Anton van Beek Zhaoxu meng Wei Chen Sinan Keten Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3109USA Center for Hierarchical materials Design Northwestern University2205 Tech DriveEvanstonIL 60208-3109USA Department of mechanical Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3109USA Department of mechanical Engineering Clemson University208 Fluor Daniel EIBClemsonSC 29634-0921USA

A persistent challenge in molecular modeling of thermoset polymers is capturing the effects of chemical composition and degree of crosslinking(DC)on dynamical and mechanical properties with high computational *** established a coarse-graining(CG)approach combining the energy renormalization method with Gaussian process surrogate models of molecular dynamics *** allows a machine-learning informed functional calibration of DC-dependent CG force field *** versatile epoxy resins consisting of Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether combined with curing agent of either 4,4-Diaminodicyclohexylmethane or polyoxypropylene diamines,we demonstrated excellent agreement between all-atom and CG predictions for density,Debye-Waller factor,Young’s modulus,and yield stress at any *** further introduced a surrogate model-enabled simplification of the functional forms of 14 nonbonded calibration parameters by quantifying the uncertainty of a candidate set of calibration *** framework established provides an efficient methodology for chemistry-specific,large-scale investigations of the dynamics and mechanics of epoxy resins.

关键词： functions resins epoxy