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Vir.l r.gulation of r.A Gr.nules in Infected Cells

Vir.logica Sinica 2019年第2期34卷 175-191页

作者： Qiang Zhang nishi r. sharma Zhi-Ming Zheng Mingzhou Chen State Key Labor.tor. of Vir.logy and Moder. Vir.logy r.sear.h Center College of Life Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072 China Tumor.Vir.s r.A Biology Section RNA Biology Laboratory National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Frederick MD 21702 USA

r.A gr.nules ar. cytoplasmic, micr.scopically visible, non-membr.ne r.bo-nucleopr.tein str.ctur.s and ar. impor.ant posttr.nscr.ptional r.gulator. in gene expr.ssion by contr.lling r.A tr.nslation and stability. TIA/G3BP/PABP-specific str.ss gr.nules(SG) and GW182/DCP-specific r.A pr.cessing bodies(PB) ar. two major.distinguishable r.A gr.nules in somatic cells and contain var.ous r.bosomal subunits, tr.nslation factor., scaffold pr.teins, r.A-binding pr.teins, r.A decay enzymes and helicases to exclude m r.As fr.m the cellular.active tr.nslational pool. Although SG for.ation is inducible due to cellular.str.ss, PB exist physiologically in ever. cell. Both r.A gr.nules ar. impor.ant components of the host antivir.l defense. Vir.s infection imposes str.ss on host cells and thus induces SG for.ation. However. both r.A and DNA vir.ses must confr.nt the hostile envir.nment of host innate immunity and apply var.ous str.tegies to block the for.ation of SG and PB for.their.effective infection and multiplication. This r.view summar.zes the cur.ent r.sear.h development in the field and the mechanisms of how individual vir.ses suppr.ss the for.ation of host SG and PB for.vir.s pr.duction.

关键词： Str.ss gr.nules (SG) P-bodies (PB) r.A vir.s - DNA vir.s

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Effect of binder.amount on the development of coal-binder.inter.ace and its r.lationship with the str.ngth of the car.onized coal-binder.composite

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Car.on r.sour.es Conver.ion 2018年第2期1卷 139-146页

作者： Atul sharma Naoto Sakimoto Toshimasa Takanohashi r.sear.h Institute of Ener.y Fr.ntier Non-conventional Carbon Resources GroupNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science&Technology16-1OnogawaTsukubaJapan Japan Coal Ener.y Center 3-2-1 Nishi-shinbashiMinato-kuTokyoJapan

Pr.duction of high-str.ngth car.onized coal composites fr.m non-caking coals only with possible application as coke is pr.sented.A binder.and a non-caking coal wer. mixed in differ.nt r.tios and car.onized at 1000C to pr.duce coal-binder.*** binder.,one fr.m coal or.gin and other.fr.m oil or.gin wer. *** of coal-binder.mixing r.tio and base coal par.icle size on the fr.ctur. str.ngth of composites was *** of binder.with the coal par.icles at coal-binder.inter.ace and development of connected car.on matr.x wer. pr.mar.ly r.sponsible for.the str.ngth of the car.onized coal *** tr.nd of change in fr.ctur. str.ngth as a function of coal-binder.fr.ction was similar.for.both the ***,for.same coal-binder.mixing r.tio,binder.type str.ngly affected the maximum str.ngth *** str.ngth was found to be pr.mar.ly dependent on the coal-binder.mixing r.tio and base coal par.icle *** main finding of this study is that the ir.espective of binder.type,for.a given base coal par.icle size ther. was only one coal-binder.mixing r.tio at which the maximum str.ngth was *** binder.fr.ction at which the highest str.ngth obser.ed was cor.elated to the car.on matr.x connectivity index.

关键词： Car.onized coalcomposite Cokes Non-caking coals Binder

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