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Prediabetes: An overlooked risk factor for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in atrial fibrillation patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 24-33页

作者： Rupak Desai nishanth Katukuri Sumaja Reddy Goguri Azra Kothawala Naga Ruthvika Alle Meena Kumari Bellamkonda Debankur Dey Sharmila Ganesan Minakshi Biswas Kuheli Sarkar Pramoda Prattipati Shaylika Chauhan Independent Researcher Independent ResearcherAtlantaGA 30079United States Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Department of Medicine Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical SciencesTelangana 505001India Department of Medicine Jawaharlal Nehru Medical CollegeBelgaum 590010India Department of Medicine Narayana Medical CollegeAndhra PradeshNellore 524003India Department of Medicine Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research FoundationVijaywada 521286India Department of Medicine Medical College KolkataKolkata 700073India Department of Medicine P.E.S.Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchAndhra Pradesh 517425India Department of Medicine Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical CollegeBogra 5800Bangladesh Department of Medicine College of Medicine and J.N.M HospitalKalyani 741235India Department of Medicine Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College IndiaKarnatakaBelagavi 590010India Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Health SystemWikes-BarrePA 18702United States

BACKGROUND Prediabetes is a well-established risk factor for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE).However,the relationship between prediabetes and MACCE in atrial fibrillation(AF)patients has not been extensively ***,this study aimed to establish a link between prediabetes and MACCE in AF *** To investigate a link between prediabetes and MACCE in AF *** We used the National Inpatient Sample(2019)and relevant ICD-10 CM codes to identify hospitalizations with AF and categorized them into groups with and without prediabetes,excluding *** primary outcome was MACCE(all-cause inpatient mortality,cardiac arrest including ventricular fibrillation,and stroke)in AF-related *** Of the 2965875 AF-related hospitalizations for MACCE,47505(1.6%)were among patients with *** prediabetes cohort was relatively younger(median 75 vs 78 years),and often consisted of males(56.3%vs 51.4%),blacks(9.8%vs 7.9%),Hispanics(7.3%vs 4.3%),and Asians(4.7%vs 1.6%)than the non-prediabetic cohort(P<0.001).The prediabetes group had significantly higher rates of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,smoking,obesity,drug abuse,prior myocardial infarction,peripheral vascular disease,and hyperthyroidism(all P<0.05).The prediabetes cohort was often discharged routinely(51.1%vs 41.1%),but more frequently required home health care(23.6%vs 21.0%)and had higher *** adjusting for baseline characteristics or comorbidities,the prediabetes cohort with AF admissions showed a higher rate and significantly higher odds of MACCE compared to the non-prediabetic cohort[18.6%vs 14.7%,odds ratio(OR)1.34,95%confidence interval 1.26-1.42,P<0.001].On subgroup analyses,males had a stronger association(aOR 1.43)compared to females(aOR 1.22),whereas on the race-wise comparison,Hispanics(aOR 1.43)and Asians(aOR 1.36)had a stronger association with MACCE with prediabetes vs whites(aOR 1.33)and blacks(aOR 1.21).CONCLUSION This population-

关键词： Prediabetes Atrial fibrillation Cardiovascular disease risk Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events Stroke Mortality

Combustion enhancement in rearward step based scramjet combustor by air injection at step base

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第3期10卷 224-234页

作者： Amit Thakur nishanth Thillai Amritesh Sinha Mechanical Engineering PES UniversityIndia Institute for Aerospace Studies University of TorontoCanada Aerodynamics Energetics and PropulsionISAE SupaeroFrance

Numerical simulations were performed to model the non-reacting and reacting flow behind a rearward step flameholder in Mach 1.6 supersonic flow with fuel injection at the step *** combustor geometry was based on the University of Florida scramjet experimental *** was modeled using k-u shear stress transport(SST),laminar flamelet was used for combustion *** static pressure showed good agreement with experimental data for non-reacting and reacting *** non-reacting flow,dummy fuel helium mole fraction distribution in the recirculation region behind the step was validated with planar laser induced fluorescence(PLIF)images in *** improve the combustion characteristics,air was injected in tandem with hydrogen at step base using various *** all fuel injection as baseline,the case with 2 air jets around each fuel jet and air injected at 2 times the stagnation pressure of fuel showed the most improvement compared to other *** was most effective in reducing the local fuel richness,shortening the flame length and increasing combustion efficiency.

关键词： Step flameholder Scramjet combustor Local equivalence ratio Air injection Combustion efficiency

Design of bio-oil additives via molecular signature descriptors using a multi-stage computer-aided molecular design framework

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 168-182页

作者： Jia Wen Chong Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Kasturi Muthoosamy nishanth G.Chemmangattuvalappil Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham MalaysiaSelangor 43500Malaysia Nanotechnology Research Group Centre of Nanotechnology and Advanced MaterialsUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaSelangor 43500Malaysia

Direct application of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis as a fuel has remained a challenge due to its undesirable attributes such as low heating value,high viscosity,high corrosiveness and storage *** addition is a simple method for circumventing these disadvantages to allow further processing and *** this work,computer-aided molecular design tools were developed to design optimal solvents to upgrade bio-oil whilst having low environmental ***,target solvent requirements were translated into measurable physical *** different property prediction models consist different levels of structural information,molecular signature descriptor was used as a common platform to formulate the design *** of the differences in the required structural information of different property prediction models,signatures of different heights were needed in formulating the design *** to the combinatorial nature of higher-order signatures,the complexity of a computer-aided molecular design problem increases with the height of ***,a multi-stage framework was developed by developing consistency rules that restrict the number of higher-order ***,phase stability analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability of the solvent-oil *** a result,optimal solvents that improve the solvent-oil blend properties while displaying low environmental impact were identified.

关键词： computer-aided molecular design bio-oil additives molecular signature descriptor

Stem cells in the adult CNS revealed:examining their regulation by myelin basic protein

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第12期11卷 1916-1917页

作者： Wenjun Xu nishanth Lakshman Cindi M.Morshead Institute of Medical Sciences University of Toronto Department of Surgery University of Toronto

Neural stem cells（NSCs）are found along the entire neuraxis,through development and into adulthood and old age（Sachewsky et al.,2014;Xu et al.,2016）.There are two neurogenic niches in the adult *** is the subgranular zone in the hippocampus and the other is found in the periventricular region throughout the extent of the neuraxis（Barnabé-Heider et al.,2010;Mirzadeh et al.,2010）.

关键词： NSCs cell Stem cells in the adult CNS revealed CNS

Analysis of flow-field in a dual mode ramjet combustor with boundary layer bleed in isolator

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第1期10卷 37-47页

作者： nishanth Thillai Amit Thakur Srikrishnateja K. Dharani J. Department of Mechanical Engineering PES UniversityBangaloreIndia

A two-dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes(RANS)simulation of a dual mode ramjet(DMRJ)combustor is performed,modeling the University of Michigan dual-mode combustor experimental setup operating in reacting mode with different equivalence ratios(4).The simulations are carried out using a k-u SST turbulence model and a steady diffusion flamelet model for non-premixed *** enters the isolator at Mach 2.2,stagnation pressure and temperature of 549.2 kPa and 1400 K *** is injected transverse to the flow direction and upstream of the cavity flame holder to simulate ramjet(4 Z 0.29)and scramjet(4 Z 0.19)modes of *** static pressure plots are used to validate numerical results against experimental *** of flow separation in ramjet mode due to the presence of a shock train in the isolator is carried out by means of numerical Schlieren images overlapped with contours of negative axial velocity,showing the effects of shock wave boundary layer interaction(SWBLI).Active control through wall normal boundary layer bleed in the separated flow region is implemented,which weakens the shock train and moves it downstream closer to the *** results in an improved stagnation pressure recovery in ramjet mode,with a marginal increase in combustion efficiency.

关键词： Dual mode ramjet Scramjet combustor Shock wave boundary layer interaction Boundary-layer bleed Flamelet combustion model

Blockchain: Protocols, applications, and transactions analysis

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2022年第1期3卷 96-97页

作者： Damiano Di Francesco Maesa Laura Ricci nishanth Sastry Department of Computer Science University of PisaItaly Department of Computer Science University of SurreyUnited Kingdom

We are glad to present this special issue“Blockchain:Protocols,Applications,and Transactions Analysis”of the Blockchain:Research and Applications *** special issue collects both extended versions of papers presented at the First Workshop on Blockchain theoRy and ApplicatIoNs(BRAIN 2020),held in conjunction with the 25th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications(ISCC 2020),and papers directly submitted to this special issue.

关键词： journal Protocols submitted

The deubiquitinase OTUB1 augments NF-κB-dependent immune responses in dendritic cells in infection and inflammation by stabilizing UBC13

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1512-1527页

作者： Floriana Mulas Xu Wang Shanshan Song Gopala nishanth Wenjing Yi Anna Brunn Pia-Katharina Larsen Berend Isermann Ulrich Kalinke Antonio Barragan Michael Naumann Martina Deckert Dirk Schlüter Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg39120MagdeburgGermany Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology Hannover Medical School30625HannoverGermany Chemical Biology Research Center School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical University325035WenzhouChina Department of Neuropathology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of Cologne50931CologneGermany Institute for Experimental Infection Research TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Researcha joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research30625HannoverGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg39120MagdeburgGermany Cluster of Excellence-Resolving Infection Susceptibility(RESIST) Hannover Medical School30625HannoverGermany Department of Molecular Biosciences Stockholm University10691StockholmSweden Institute for Experimental Internal Medicine Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg39120MagdeburgGermany

Dendritic cells(DCs)are indispensable for defense against pathogens but may also contribute to *** of DCs upon the sensing of pathogens by Toll-like receptors(TLRs)is largely mediated by pattern recognition receptor/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling and depends on the appropriate ubiquitination of the respective signaling ***,the ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes involved and their interactions are only incompletely ***,we reveal that the deubiquitinase OTU domain,ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1(OTUB1)is upregulated in DCs upon murine Toxoplasma gondii infection and lipopolysaccharide *** of DCs with the TLR11/12 ligand *** profilin and the TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide induced an increase in NF-κB activation in OTUB1-competent cells,resulting in elevated interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-12,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)production,which was also observed upon the specific stimulation of TLR2,TLR3,TLR7,and ***,OTUB1 promoted NF-κB activity in DCs by K48-linked deubiquitination and stabilization of the E2-conjugating enzyme UBC13,resulting in increased K63-linked ubiquitination of IRAK1(IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1)and TRAF6(TNF receptor-associated factor 6).Consequently,DC-specific deletion of OTUB1 impaired the production of cytokines,in particular IL-12,by DCs over the first 2 days of *** infection,resulting in the diminished production of protective interferon-γ(IFN-γ)by natural killer cells,impaired control of parasite replication,and,finally,death from chronic ***,all of which could be prevented by low-dose IL-12 treatment in the first 3 days of *** contrast,impaired OTUB1-deficient DC activation and cytokine production by OTUB1-deficient DCs protected mice from lipopolysaccharide-induced ***,these findings identify OTUB1 as a potent novel regulator of DCs during infectious and inflammatory diseases.

关键词： OTUB1 dendritic cell signal transduction ubiquitination innate immunity

A Property Based Approach for Simultaneous Process and Molecular Design

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2008年第3期16卷 424-434页

作者： Fadwa Tahra Eljack Charles Conrad Solvason nishanth Chemmangattuvalappil Mario Richard Eden Department of Chemical Engineering Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA Department of Chemical Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar

In this work, property clustering techniques and group contribution methods are combined to enable simultaneous consideration of process performance requirements and molecular property constraints. Using this methodology, the process design problem is solved to identify the property targets corresponding to the desired process performance. A significant advantage of the developed methodology is that for problems that can be satisfactorily described by only three properties, the process and molecular design problems can be simultaneously solved visually on a ternary diagram, irrespective of how many molecular fragments are included in the search space. On the ternary cluster diagram, the target properties are represented as individual points if given as discrete values or as a region if given as intervals. The structure and identity of candidate components is then identified by combining or ＂mixing＂ molecular fragments until the resulting properties match the targets.

关键词： property integration group contribution process and molecular design

Floating production storage and offloading systems＇ cost and motion performance： A systems thinking application

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018年第3期5卷 357-368页

作者： Rini nishanth Andrew WHYTE V.John KURIAN Civil & Environmental Engineering University Tech. PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar Malaysia Civil Engineering Curtin University Perth Australia

Floating production storage and offloading （FPSO） units increasingly represent a practical and economic means for deep-water oil extraction and production. Systems thinking gives a unique opporamity to seek a balance between FPSO technical performance（s）, with whole-cost; stakeholder decision-making is charged to align different fit-for-use design specification options＇ that address technical-motion（s）, with respective life-cycle cost analyses （LCCA）. Soft system methodology allows situation based analyses over set periods-of-time by diagnosing the problem-at-hand; namely, assessing the antecedents of life-cycle cost relative to FPSO sub- component design alternatives. Alternative mooring- component comparisons for either new-build hulls or refurbished hulls represent an initial necessary considera- tion to facilitate extraction, production and storage of deep- water oil reserves. Coupled dynamic analysis has been performed to generate FPSO motion in six degrees of freedom using SESAM DeepC, while life-cycle cost analysis （LCAA） studies give net-present-value comparsons reflective of market conditions. A parametric study has been conducted by varying wave heights from 4 - 8 m to understand FPSO motion behavior in the presence of wind and current, as well as comparing the motions of turreted versus spread mooring design alternatives. LCCA data has been generated to compare the cost of such different mooring options/hull conditions over 10 and 25- year periods. Systems thinking has been used to explain the interaction of problem variables; resultantly this paper is able to identify explicit factors affecting the choice of FPSO configurations in terms of motion and whole-cost, toward assisting significantly with the front-end engineering design （FEED） phase of fit-for-purpose configured FPSOs, in waters off Malaysia and Australia.

关键词： FPSO LCCA spread/turret-mooring DeepC cost motion soft-systems