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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第9期11卷 518-525页

作者： Gita Mishra Hemeshwer Kumar Chandra nisha Sahu Satendra Kumar Nirala Monika Bhadauria Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory Department of ZoologyGuru Ghasidas University Laboratory of Natural Products Department of Rural Technology and Social DevelopmentGuru Ghasidas University

Objective:To evaluate therapeutic potential of hydroethanolic extract of Pergularia daemia(***) against anti-tuberculosis drugs(ATDs) induced liver ***:Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups of six animal in *** ATDs and *** extract(100,200 and 400 mg/kg,p.o.) were conjointly administered for 8 weeks and various biochemical,histoarchitectural,ultrastructural studies were ***:Administration of ATDs significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,triglycerides,cholesterol,bilirubin and decreased glucose and albumin *** lipid peroxidation and reduction in glutathione,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were found after ATDs *** of *** extract maintained serum biochemical indices as well as antioxidant status similar to control and diminished oxidative stress in dose dependent *** and ultra-structural observations substantiated biochemical ***:*** has therapeutic potential against ATDs induced liver injury and may be of clinical significance after extensive studies.

关键词： Antituberculosis drugs Hepatic injury Pergularia daemia Antioxidant activity

Propolis modulates cellular biochemistry, antioxidants, cytokine profile, histological and ultra-morphological status against antituberculosis drugs induced hepatic injury

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第11期11卷 609-620页

作者： nisha Sahu Gita Mishra Hemeshwer Kumar Chandra Satendra Kumar Nirala Monika Bhadauria Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas University Laboratory of Natural Products Department of Rural Technology and Social development Guru Ghasidas University

To evaluate hepatic injury induced by antituberculosis drugs(ATDs) when administered orally for 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks and the therapeutic potential of propolis(bee hive product) against ATDs induced hepatic injury. Methods: The ATDs were administered for 8 weeks as well as propolis extract at three different doses(100, 200, 400 mg/kg) conjointly for 8 weeks in rats. Silymarin(50 mg/kg) was given as positive control. Animals were euthanized after 8 weeks; blood and liver samples were collected to perform various biochemicals, serological and histopathological and ultramorphological studies. results: Significant increase(P rtate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and cholesterol along with reduction in glucose and albumin level were noted after ATDs induced hepatic injury. Significant increase(P roxidation, triglyceride, cholesterol and CYP2E1 activity; decline in reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase activity were observed after ATDs intoxication. Due to presence of a wide range of flavonoids and polyphenols in propolis extract, its administration reduced hepatic injury and maintained biochemical indices towards control. Histopathological and electron microscopic observations indicated hepatoprotective potential of propolis at cellular level whereas, TNF-α, IL-6 and IGF-1 confirmed therapeutic potential of propolis at molecular level. Conclusions: It can be concluded that propolis possess hepatoprotective potential against ATDs induced hepatic injury that may prove itself as a clinically useful natural product in management of drug induced liver injury.

关键词： Antituberculosis drugs Propolis Biochemical Hepatic injury

Computational analysis of deleterious missense mutations in aspartoacylase that cause Canavan's disease

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第12期55卷 1109-1119页

作者： SrEEVISHNUPrIYA K. CHANDrASEKArAN P. SENTHILKUMAr A. SETHUMADHAVAN r. SHANTHI V. DAISY P. nisha J. rAMANATHAN K. rAJASEKArAN r. Bioinformatics Division School of Biosciences and Technology Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India Department of Biotechnology Holy Cross CollegeTrichy 620002 Tamil Nadu India

In this work, the most detrimental missense mutations of aspartoacylase that cause Canavan's disease were identified computationally and the substrate binding efficiencies of those missense mutations were analyzed. Out of 30 missense mutations, I-Mutant 2.0, SIFT and PolyPhen programs identified 22 variants that were less stable, deleterious and damaging respectively. Subsequently, modeling of these 22 variants was performed to understand the change in their conformations with respect to the native aspartoacylase by computing their root mean squared deviation (rMSD). Furthermore, the native protein and the 22 mutants were docked with the substrate NAA (N-Acetyl-Aspartic acid) to explain the substrate binding efficiencies of those detrimental missense mutations. Among the 22 mutants, the docking studies identified that 15 mutants caused lower binding affinity for NAA than the native protein. Finally, normal mode analysis determined that the loss of binding affinity of these 15 mutants was caused by altered flexibility in the amino acids that bind to NAA compared with the native protein. Thus, the pre- sent study showed that the majority of the substrate-binding amino acids in those 15 mutants displayed loss of flexibility, which could be the theoretical explanation of decreased binding affinity between the mutant aspartoacylases and NAA.

关键词： missense mutation Canavan's disease aspartoacylase NAA flexibility

COVID-19 pandemic and the cyberthreat landscape:research challenges and opportunities

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 211-222页

作者： Heba Saleous Muhusina Ismail Saleh HAlDaajeh nisha Madathil Saed Alrabaee Kim-Kwang raymond Choo Nabeel Al-Qirim Information Systems and Security College of ITUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA College of Technological Innovations(CIT) Zayed UniversityUAE

Although cyber technologies benefit our society,there are also some related cybersecurity *** example,cybercriminals may exploit vulnerabilities in people,processes,and technologies during trying times,such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,to identify opportunities that target vulnerable individuals,organizations(e.g.,medical facilities),and *** this paper,we examine the various cyberthreats associated with the COVID-19 *** also determine the attack vectors and surfaces of ***,we will discuss and analyze the insights and suggestions generated by different cyberattacks against individuals,organizations,and systems.

关键词： COVID-19 Cyberattacks Security and privacy Mitigation Potential solutions

Development of a novel myconanomining approach for the recovery of agriculturally important elements from jarosite waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 356-367页

作者： Ankita Bedi Braj raj Singh Sunil K.Deshmukh nisha Aggarwal Colin J.Barrow Alok Adholeya TErI–Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division The Energy and Resources Institute(TERI) School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Sri Aurobindo College Department of Chemistry University of Delhi

In this study, an ecofriendly and economically viable waste management approach have been attempted towards the biosynthesis of agriculturally important nanoparticles from jarosite waste. Aspergillus terreus strain J4 isolated from jarosite（waste from Debari Zinc Smelter,Udaipur, India）, showed good leaching efficiency along with nanoparticles（NPs） formation under ambient conditions. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-Ir） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） confirmed the formation of NPs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDX analysis） showed strong signals for zinc, iron, calcium and magnesium,with these materials being leached out. TEM analysis and high resolution transmission electron microscopy（HrTEM） showed semi-quasi spherical particles having average size of 10‐50 nm. Thus, a novel biomethodology was developed using fungal cell-free extract for bioleaching and subsequently nanoconversion of the waste materials into nanostructured form. These biosynthesized nanoparticles were tested for their efficacy on seed emergence activity of wheat（Triticum aestivum） seeds and showed enhanced growth at concentration of 20 ppm. These nanomaterials are expected to enhance plant growth properties and being targeted as additives in soil fertility and crop productivity enhancement.

关键词： Bioleaching Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy (FTIr) Transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) JarositeNanoparticles Seed-emergence activity

Test re-test reliability of virtual acoustic space identification (VASI) test in young adults with normal hearing

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Journal of Otology 2023年第1期18卷 55-62页

作者： Kavassery Venkateswaran nisha Prabuddha Bhatarai Kruthika Suresh Shashish Ghimire Prashanth Prabhu Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and HearingManasagangothriMysuru570006India

Background:recent developments in virtual acoustic technology has levered promising applications in the field of auditory sciences,especially in spatial *** conventional auditory spatial assessment using loudspeakers,interaural differences and/or questionnaires are limited by the availability and cost of instruments,the use of virtual acoustic space identification(VASI)test has widespread applications in spatial test battery as it overcomes these ***:The lack of test-retest reliability data of VASI test narrows its direct application in auditory spatial assessment,which is explored in the present ***:Data from 75 normal-hearing young adults(mean age:25.11 y±4.65 SD)was collected in three sessions:baseline,within 15 min of baseline(intra-session),and one week after baseline session(inter-session).Test-retest reliability was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC),coefficient of variation(CV),and cluster ***:The results showed excellent reliability for both accuracy and reaction time measures of VASI,with ICC values of 0.93 and 0.87,*** CV values for overall VASI accuracy and reaction time 9.66% and 11.88%,*** was also complemented by the cluster plot analyses,which showed 93.33% and 96.00% of temporal stability in the accuracy and reaction time measures,indicative of high test-retest reliability of VASI test in auditory spatial ***:The high temporal stability(test-retest reliability)of VASI test validates its application in spatial hearing test battery.

关键词： Test-retest reliability Psychoacoustics Virtual auditory spatial perception Intra-and inter-session Accuracy reaction time

rural coping and adaptation strategies for climate change by Himalayan communities in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第6期17卷 1462-1474页

作者： Nabin DHUNGANA nisha SILWAL Suraj UPADHAYA Chiranjeewee KHADKA Sunil Kumar rEGMI Dipesh JOSHI Samjhana ADHIKArI CArE Nepal Central Office 4/288 SAMATA BhawanDhobighatP.0 Box 1661LalitpurNepal Institute of Forestry Pokhara CampusPokharaP.O.Box 33700Nepal Himalayan Conservation and research Institute DunaiDolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal Department of Natural resource Ecology and Management Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50010USA Global Change research Institute Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicLipova 937005 Ceske BudejoviceCzech Republic Winrock International Nepal.House#Kha 194 P.O.Box 8975SanepaLalitpurNepal WWF Nepal P.0.Box 7660 BaluwatarKathmanduNepal Department of Forests District Forest OfficeChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal

Climate change has major impacts on the livelihoods of forest-dependent *** unpredictable weather conditions in rural Nepal have been attributed to a changing *** study explored the climate change adaptation and coping strategies that rural communities adopt for the conservation of natural resources and livelihoods in the mid-hills of *** paper explored major climatic hazards,assessed different coping and adaptation measures,and barrier faced to climate change adaptation based on perceptions by forest-dependent *** conducted focus group discussions,questionnaire surveys,and semistructured interviews with local communities and *** results showed that rural communities had experienced significant impacts of climate change and *** response,they are practicing diverse coping and adaptation strategies,including the construction of bioengineering structures and planting different species that grow quickly and establish promptly.

关键词： Climate Change Community Forest Users Group Index of Usefulness of Practices for Adaptation(IUPA) Adaptation Measures

Influence of feeding crimped kernel maize silage on the course of subclinical necrotic enteritis in a broiler disease model

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 392-398页

作者： nisha Sharma Samir ranjitkar Nishchal K.Sharma ricarda M.Engberg Department of Animal Science Aarhus University School of Environment and rural Science University of New England

This experiment was carried out with 375 male broilers(ross 308) from days 1 to 28 to evaluate the influence of crimped kernel maize silage(CKMS) on the manifestation of subclinical necrotic enteritis,microbiota counts, organic acid production and relative weights of gastrointestinal segments. A necrotic enteritis disease model was applied. Birds were allocated into 3 different dietary treatments: a maizebased feed(MBF, control diet), and 2 diets supplemented with 15%(CKMS15) or 30%(CKMS30) of crimped ensiled kernel maize. The disease model involved a 10-time overdose of an attenuated live vaccine against coccidiosis given orally on day 17, followed by oral inoculation of Clostridium perfringens Type A(S48,10~8 to 10~9 bacteria/bird) twice daily on days 18,19, 20 and 21. Scoring of intestinal lesions was performed on days 22, 23, 25 and 28. Ileal and caecal digesta samples were collected for the quantification of selected bacterial groups and organic acids. The results showed that there was no effect of dietary treatments on small intestinal lesion scores(P> 0.05). Lesions scores peaked on days 23 and 25 and decreased again on day 28(P = 0.001). No effect of age on microbiota counts was observed, but feeding of CKMS30 reduced the number of coliforms in ileal contents(P = 0.01). Dietary treatments did not affect organic acid concentrations in ileum and caeca, but there was an effect of age; butyric acid was higher on days 22, 23 and 25 than on day 28(P = 0.04). Acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations in caeca were the highest on days 22 and 28 but the lowest on days 23 and 25. relative gizzard and caeca weights were increased, and relative ileum weights were decreased when birds were fed CKMS30(P roiler diets had no effects on the course of necrotic enteritis but had potential benefits in terms of inhibition of potentially harmful microorganisms.

关键词： Broiler Challenge model Clostridium perfringens Crimped kernel maize silage Necrotic enteritis

Community perspectives on the effectiveness of watershed management institutions in the Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1119-1139页

作者： nisha SILWAL Nabin DHUNGANA rajan SUBEDI Suraj UPADHAYA Chun-Hung LEE Natural resources Conservation Nepal(NrCN) ChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal Department of Natural resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental StudiesNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualien 97401Chinese Taipei Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityPokharaP.O.Box 43Nepal School of Agriculture and Natural resources Kentucky State UniversityFrankfortKY 40601USA Himalayan Conservation and research Institute DolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal

The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed ***,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level ***,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central *** study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the *** analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic *** results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the ***,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than *** contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to ***,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their ***,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their ***,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and *** enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommen

关键词： Watershed Watershed institutions Indicators Institutional characteristics rationalities Nepal.

Pharmacognostic studies of the leaves and stem of Careya arborea roxb.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 404-408页

作者： Prakash Chandra Gupta nisha Sharma Ch V rao University Institute of Pharmacy Chhtrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division National Botanical Research Institute

Objective:To study detailed pharmacognostic profile of leaves and stem of Careya arborea(C. arborea) roxb.(Lecthyidaceae),an important medicinal plant in the Indian system of medicine. Methods:Leaf and stem samples of *** were studied by macroscopical,microscopical, physicochemical,phytochemical,fluorescence analysis of powder of the plant and other methods for standardization recommended by ***:Maeroscopieally,the leaves are simple, broadly obovate in shape,acuminate apex with crenate,dentate margin,petioles(0.1-1.8 cm) long. Microscopically,the leaf showed the presence of median large size vascular bundle covered with fibrous bundle sheath,arrangement of xylem in cup shape and presence of cortical vascular bundle, patches of sclerenchyma,phloem fibers in groups and brown pigment containing cells in stem are some of the diagnostic features noted from anatomical *** microscopy of leaf revealed the presence of parenchyma cells,xylem with pitted vessels and epidermis with anisocylic *** investigations also included leaf surface data;quantitative leaf microscopy and fluorescence analysis. Physiochemical parameters such as loss on drying,swelling index,extractive values and ash values were also determined and results showed that total ash of the stem bark was about two times higher than leaf and water soluble extractive value of leaf and stem bark was two limes higher than alcohol soluble extractive *** phytochemical screening showed the presence of triterpenoids, saponins,tannins and ***:The results of the study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this plant material in future investigations and applications.

关键词： Careya arborea Microscopy Macroscopy Pharmacognosy Stomata Xylem Phloem Physicochemical