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Multiplex Rapid Test with Acceptable Diagnosis Performance as a Solution to Increase Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Pregnant Women in an Area of High Prevalence of Both Hepatitis Viruses Associated with HIV

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 50-65页

作者： Catherine Boni-Cisse nina esther onstira ngoyi Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Noella Packo Rabi Senekian Hermann Ndoidet Koutou Coretha Bokia-Baguida Christelle Luce Bobossi-Gadia Arthur Simplice Sombot-Ndicky Daniel Yvon Gonessa Freddy Samuel Ngbonga Konzapa Voulou Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alassane OUATTARA National Center of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy Abidjan Ivory Cost Department of Microbiology UFR of Medical Sciences University of Cocody Abidjan Ivory Cost Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology of Teaching Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Department of Labor Medicine Service of HIV and STDs Control in the Workplace Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Reference Center of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Antiretroviral Therapy Bangui Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Medicine Department District Hospital of Alindao Alindao Ouaka Prefecture Central African Republic Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Coordination of Specialized Study of Clinical Biology University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Doctors without Borders Hospital Sica BanguiCRA Laboratory of Medical Analysis of Teaching Hospital Center Mother Elisabeth DOMITIEN of Bimbo Bimbo Central African Republic

Background and Objective: HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very widespread in the world, however, less than 20% of the people affected are diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV co-infections in pregnant women at Bangui Community University Hospital and the cost of screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving consenting pregnant women who came for antenatal care was performed. HIV, HCV antibodies and HBV antigens were detected using Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/HBsAg rapid test, cross-validated by ELISA tests. Sociodemographic and professional data, the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV and both hepatitis viruses were collected in a standard sheet and analyzed using the Epi-Info software version 7. Results: Pregnant women aged 15 to 24 were the most affected (45.3%);high school girls (46.0%), and pregnant women living in cohabitation (65.3%) were the most represented. Twenty-five (16.7%) worked in the formal sector, 12.7% were unemployed housewives and the remainder in the informal sector. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV viruses was 11.8%, 21.9% and 22.2%, respectively. The prevalence of co-infections was 8.6% for HIV-HBV, 10.2% for HIV-HCV, 14.7% for HBV-HCV and 6.5% for HIV-HBV-HCV. All positive results and 10% of negative results by the rapid test were confirmed by ELISA tests. The serology of the three viruses costs 39,000 FCFA (60 Euros) by ELISA compared to 10,000 FCFA (15.00 Euros) with Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/AgHBs (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). Conclusion: The low level of education and awareness of hepatitis are barriers to development and indicate the importance of improving the literacy rate of women in the Central African Republic (CAR). Likewise, the high prevalence of the three viruses shows the need for the urgent establishment of a national program to combat viral hepatitis in the CAR.

关键词： HIV-HCV-HBV Co-Infection Multiplex Immunochromatographic Rapid Test Central Africa Serology Test Cost Diagnostic Accessibility

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Risk Factors of Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics in Internal Medicine and Hemodialysis Nephrology Services at the Edith Lucie Bongo Ondimba General Hospital

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2021年第1期11卷 9-20页

作者： Gandzali-Ngabe Pierre Eric ngoyi Ontsira nina Gakosso Odou Philippe Loumingou Richard Nephrology Hemodialysis édith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA General Hospital Oyo Congo Laboratory Hospital and University Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Laboratory édith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA General Hospital Oyo Brazzaville Congo Nephrology Brazzaville Hospital and University Center Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. It is due to multi-resistant bacteria (MRB). The objective of this study was to determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics in chronic renal failure at the Edith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA general hospital (HGELBO). Patients, material and method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted from January 1 to August 31, 2019 at the HGELBO. It concerned all patients admitted to the HGELBO with positive bacteriological samples. After a study of the sensitivity to isolated species, the patients were divided into two (02) groups: those MRB positive (+) and not MRB or negative (-). Epi Info software version 3.5.1 was used for the calculation of the rates and the comparison of the variables. The adjusted odds ratio (ORa) with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the specific effect of each risk factor such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes, in order to rule out confounding factors. Multivariate analysis by binomial logistic regression was used. Results: There were 375 bacteriological samples from 258 patients, among them 247 patients with 235 positive samples or 63%. The eleven (11) are healthy patients. The median age was 33 with extremes ranging from 16 to 90. The female sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 0.6. The majority of MRB+ cases were found in internal medicine and nephrology with 12 cases (38.7%) and hemodialysis with 4 cases (12.9%). Urinary samples were in the majority with 74.5%. Escherichia coli was predominant in 30.3%. After studying the sensitivity to antibiotics of the 247 species included, 113 were MRB+ and 134 BMR- i.e. a frequency of 45.7%. Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was predominant (51.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factor was antibiotic use (0Ra: 3.2 [1.9 - 5.4];p-value < 0.01). Chronic renal failure and diabetes were not risk factors for carriage. The other risk factors identifi

关键词： Risk Factors Bacterial Resistance Antibiotics Chronic Renal Failure General Hospital Edith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA

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Significant Improvement in Tuberculosis Diagnosis by Detection of the Wall Lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Central African Republic (CAR)

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 71-82页

作者： Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Honorat Nouzoukem Marcel Mbeko Simaleko nina esther ngoyi Ontsira Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde Irenee Galendji Henri Diemer Gérard Grésenguet University Hospital Center Mother Elisabeth Domitien Bimbo Central African Republic National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Department of Biomedical Sciences Health Sciences Faculty Bangui Central African Republic Public Health Department Health Sciences Faculty Bangui Central African Republic Bacteriology and Virology Laboratory University Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Regional University Hospital of Bria Bria Central African Republic

Background and Objective: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbi-mortality, especially in developing countries, due to delayed diagnosis and management. The goal of this study is to assess the contribution of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in improving tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in the Central African Republic (C.A.R.). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at the Regional University Hospital of Bria. The records of patients hospitalized, tested by Determine® TB LAM Ag (Alere, Medical Co, LTD, Chiba, Japan) immunochromatographic test for the detection of LAM in urine, associated or not with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) research by Ziehl-Neelsen stain, were selected from August to October 2020. Results: During this study, 152 files were selected. Among them, there were 50.0% of children aged 14 or less (≤14 years: 33.6% + 16.4%) and 50.0% of adults represented. Patients living in the displaced person camp represented a larger group (65.1%) than those in the other 2 sites. There were seventy-four patients (i.e. 48.7%) who did not benefit from screening for AFB. For the other seventy-eight (i.e. 51.3%), there were 17.1% positive results for the search of AFB. However, among the 152 patients, there was a positive HIV serology in 30.9% of cases (i.e. 47 out of 152) and a positive Determine® TB LAM Ag in 38.2% of cases (i.e. 58 out of 152). It appears that Determine® TB LAM Ag was significantly more able to diagnose tuberculosis than AFB (p 0.003). The 58 patients diagnosed with TB LAM included 20 children who could not provide sputum and HIV-infected patients (p 0.03). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the microscopy for AFB made it possible to make the diagnosis of tuberculosis in 17.1% of patients against 38.2% for the Alere Determine® TB LAM Ag test. This result highlights the need for routine use of LAM detection to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The conduct of a subsequent stu

关键词： Tuberculosis Diagnosis TB-LAM Acid-Fast Bacilli Microscopy HIV/AIDS Central African Republic

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Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Blood Donors in the Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 124-132页

作者： Serge Oscar Mokono Edwige Paola Chancelle Louanga Nanitelamio Chaldam Jespère Mbani Aude Tabapika Taty Taty nina esther ngoyi Née Ontsira Donatien Moukassa Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo National Blood Transfusion Centre Brazzaville Republic of Congo Faculty of Science and Technology Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of Congo Hospital and University Centre Brazzaville Republic of Congo

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which erupted in Wuhan, China, in 2019 and has spread worldwide [1]. The objective of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in the Republic of Congo. Method: This is an analytical and cross-sectional study that was carried out during the period from July to December 2021. Biological analyses were performed with the serological tests n2019 rapid IgG/IgM from Beijing Diagreat Biotechnologies and antigen tests from Abbot using the serum for the detection of anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies and nasal mucus for the detection of SARS-Cov-2 antigens. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. The Results: Out of 2553 donors recruited in our study, we observed a predominance of male sex with 86.1% or a ratio of 6.19, the age group of 18 - 30 years was dominant with 45.9%, family donation represented 59.2%, the dominant profession was workers with 46.9% and the dominant blood group was O Rh positive with 54%. The prevalence of anti-SRAS-CoV-2 antibodies and antigens were respectively 31.4% for anti-SRAS CoV-2 IgG antibodies, 36.7% for anti-SRAS CoV-2 IgM antibodies and 2.93% for SARS-CoV-2 antigen.

关键词： Seroprevalence Blood Donors Anti IgM Antibody Anti IgG Antibody Antigen SARS-CoV-2

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Evaluation of HIV Viral Load Activity at the Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory in the University Hospital Center of Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019年第4期9卷 178-185页

作者： esther nina Ontsira ngoyi Tanguy Mieret Roland Bienvenu Ossibi Ibara Axel Aloumba Géril Obili Sekangue Armel Claude Itoua Irène Laure Opfou Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Hervé Léon Iloki Bertrand Dupont Christine Rouzioux Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory of the Teaching Hospital Center (CHU) Brazzaville Congo Health Sciences Faculty of MarienNgouabi University Brazzaville Congo National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Ministry of Public Health Central African Republic and University of Bangui Faculty of Health sciences Central African Republic Bangui Central African Republic Infectious Diseases Department of the Teaching Hospital Center (CHU) Brazzaville Congo Gynecology and Obstetrical Department of the Teaching Hospital Center (CHU) Brazzaville Congo Infectious Diseases and Tropical Department Neckerteaching Hospital Center Paris France Virology Laboratory of the Necker Teaching Hospital Center Paris Descartes University Paris France

Introduction: The bacteriology-virology laboratory of the teaching university hospital of Brazzaville, was equipped with a real-time PCR device like Miniopticon (Biorad? , France). The aim of this work was to do an evaluation of the HIV viral load activity, with a view to proposing some recommendations. Material and methods: Retrospective study, January 2013 to March 2015, in patients on first line ARV three-therapy, pre-inclusion therapy checkup in HIV positive patients, but again screening after sexual abuse in women or accident of exposure (AES). A blood sample on EDTA tube was made and RNA extraction with Qiagen kit. Ultrasensitive HIV-RNA quantification was performed using the Generic HIV real-time PCR assay (Biocentric?, Bandol, France). Results: 126 patients were included. The mean age was 37.63 years +/- 10.43 years, sex ratio F/H = 2.3. The HIV viral load was detectable in 94 cases (74.6%). Concerning patients with detectable viral load (copies/ml): 403 to 996 in 35 cases (37.23%), 1411 to 1812 in 41 cases (43.62%) and >1814 in 5 cases (5.32%) (therapeutic failure). Conclusion: This work reports success in the setting up of the molecular biology unit. Procedures that implement information and education actions on the risks associated with AES must be disclosed.

关键词： Viral Load HIV Miniopticon CHU Brazzaville

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Molecular Detection of Pathogens Involved in Sexually Transmitted Infections in Brazzaville, Congo

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 190-205页

作者： Jeanine Mireille Sita Maboundou Bitsi nina esther ngoyi Ontsira Edith Sophie Kombo Bayonne Tanguy Mieret Geril Sekangue Obili Herlen Tsoumou Lina Foungou Kessengue Samantha Potokoue Mpia Chloé Dupont Guilhem Conquet Gickel Mpika Bitsene Bienvenu Roland Ibara Ossibi Axel Aloumba Etienne Nguimbi Sylvain Godreuil Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Infectious Diseases Referral Hospital Center of Talanga Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-UM MIVEGEC Infectious Diseases and Vectors: Ecology Genetics Evolution and Control CREES (Reshearch Center in Ecology and Evolution Health) Montpellier France Bacteriology Laboratory Arnaud de Villeneuve University Hospital CHU of Montpellier Montpellier France Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

The objective of this multicentric study was to assess the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma génitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Brazzaville, in the Republic of Congo, using molecular methods. From January to December 2021, the sexually transmitted disease risk participants were recruited from six centers: The Association of Young HIV-Positive People of Congo, The Congolese Association for Family Welfare, The Association for Support to Vulnerable Groups, Talangaï hospital, Brazzaville university hospital (outpatient service) and the private clinic COGEMO (outpatient service). The real-time multiplex PCR was carried out to detect these pathogens. Each patient had at least one specimen (urine, urethral, anal and/or vaginal samples). The patients were considered infected when one of their samples was positive. 287 participants made of 227 women and 60 men were tested. The general prevalence of these infections was: Chlamydia trachomatis 2.79%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3.14%, Mycoplasma génitalium 3.45% and Trichomonas vaginalis 2.97. The prevalence rates according to sex were: C. trachomatis, M. génitalium, N. gonorrhea and T. vaginalis were 1.32%, 2.05%, 1.32% and 3.42% in women and 8.33%, 7.02%, 10% and 1.75% in men, respectively. Most infected patients were asymptomatic. Prevalence rates were higher in bisexual individuals, with the exception of T. vaginalis which showed higher prevalence in heterosexual patients. The bisexual and homosexual individuals represent a major public health problem in sexually active young adults, particularly among men having sex with men. These sexually transmitted infections are mainly asymptomatic, their diagnosis and management remain difficult in developing countries.

关键词： Prevalence Chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Mycoplasma génitalium Trichomonas vaginalis

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