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Medical,behavioural and social preconception and interconception risk factors among pregnancy planning and recently pregnant Canadian women

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2022年第3期10卷 7-19页

作者： Cindy-Lee Dennis Alessandra Prioreschi Hilary K Brown Sarah Brennenstuhl Rhonda C Bell Stephanie Atkinson Dragana Misita Flavia Marini Sarah Carsley nilusha jiwani-ebrahim Catherine Birken Lawrence S.Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada St Michael's Hospital Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute TorontoOntarioCanada SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit Department of Paediatrics and Child HealthFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg-BraamfonteinGautengSouth Africa Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Health&Society University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Paediatrics McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Public Health Ontario TorontoOntarioCanada York Region Public Health VaughanOntarioCanada Paediatric Medicine The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada Faculty of Medicine University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada

Objectives The objective of this study is to describe the clustering of medical,behavioural and social preconception and interconception health risk factors and determine demographic factors associated with these risk clusters among Canadian *** Cross-sectional data were collected via an online questionnaire assessing a range of preconception risk *** of each risk factor and the total number of risk factors present was *** logistic regression models determined which demographic factors were associated with having greater than the mean number of risk *** factor analysis determined how risk factors clustered,and Spearman’s r determined how demographic characteristics related to risk factors within each *** *** Participants were recruited via advertisements on public health websites,social media,parenting webpages and referrals from ongoing studies or existing research *** were eligible to participate if they could read and understand English,were able to access a telephone or the internet,and were either planning a first pregnancy(preconception)or had≥1 child in the past 5 years and were thus in the interconception *** Most women(n=1080)were 34 or older,and were in the interconception period(98%).Most reported risks in only one of the 12 possible risk factor categories(55%),but women reported on average 4 risks *** risks were a history of caesarean section(33.1%),miscarriage(27.2%)and high birth weight(13.5%).Just over 40%had fair or poor eating habits,and nearly half were not getting enough physical ***-quarters had a body mass index indicating overweight or *** without a postsecondary degree(OR 2.35;95%CI 1.74 to 3.17)and single women(OR 2.22,95%CI 1.25 to 3.96)had over twice the odds of having more risk *** with two children or more had 60%lower odds of having more risk factors(OR 0.68,95%CI 0.52 to 0.86).Low educatio

关键词： Canada behaviour conception

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Understanding host-microbial interactions in rumen：searching the best opportunity for microbiota manipulation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 300-306页

作者： nilusha Malmuthuge Le Luo Guan Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5ABCanada 4–16 F Agriculture/Forestry CenterDepartment of AgriculturalFood and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5ABCanada

Ruminants utilize a wide variety of dietary substrates that are not digestible by the mammals, through microbial fermentation taking place in the rumen. Recent advanced molecular based approaches have allowed the characterization of rumen microbiota and its compositional changes under various treatment ***, the knowledge is still limited on the impacts of variations in the rumen microbiota on host biology and function. This review summarizes the information to date on host-microbial interactions in the rumen and how we can apply such information to seek the opportunities to enhance the animal performance through manipulating the rumen function.

关键词： Host-microbial interaction Rumen microbial manipulation Ruminants

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Response of tropical avifauna to visitor recreational disturbances: a case study from the Sinharaja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka

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Chinese Birds 2016年第3期7卷 142-154页

作者： nilusha S.Alwis Priyan Perera Nihal P.Dayawansa Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri Jayewardenepura Department of Zoology University of Colombo

Background: We investigated the impact of human recreational disturbances on the distribution of birds along a popular nature trail in Sinhararja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka. It was hypothesized that visual and noise stimuli caused by the presence of humans affect the distribution of avifauna associated with this nature ***: Nine circular plots of 25 m fixed-radius laid along the trail(0 m), and 18 plots laid perpendicular to the trail at 75 and 150 m intervals, were studied from March 2013 to January 2014. The degree of human recreational disturbances was assessed in terms of visitor group size(visual disturbance) and their noise level(sound disturbance). These disturbances were categorized along a four-point scale(no human disturbance, low, medium and high disturbance). The relationship between disturbance levels and the abundance of birds was statistically ***: ANOVA results revealed that the abundance of birds differed significantly under various intensities of recreational disturbances at each distance level. A significant negative correlation between abundance of birds and intensity of disturbance at 0 m distance suggests an avoidance of edge habitats by birds in the presence of humans. Abundance of birds increased at the 75 and 150 m distance levels with increasing disturbances occurring at the trail. Significant negative correlations were further observed between disturbance level and the abundance of birds in ground/understory and sub-canopy vertical strata of the forest at 0 m ***: Under high levels of recreational disturbance occurring at this trail, the abundance of birds near the trail declined significantly, while bird abundance in the interior of the forest increased. The sensitivity of individual bird species to visitor disturbances varied with the vertical stratum of the forest they usually occupy. Birds occupying the ground, understory and sub-canopy are particularly sensitive to recreational disturbances

关键词： Recreational disturbances Ecotourism Tropical birds Sinharaja World Heritage Forest Habituation

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