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Alpine Activity Patterns of mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) are Induced by Variations in Temperature and Humidity at Different Scales in Central Norway

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Journal of mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 644-655页

作者： nils HEIN Roland PAPE Oliver-D. FINCH Jorg LOFFLER Department of C-eography University of Bonn Meckenheimer AUee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany Achtern Nordpol 8 D-26180 Rastede Germany

Our research addresses questions about how micro-climate affects activity abundance of a common and widespread harvestman in an alpine ecosystem. Activity patterns of the Harvestman mitopus morio(Fabricius, 1779) were studied along different alpine gradients in the central Norwegian Scandes. Within a nested design, we surveyed 18 alpine habitats with pitfall traps and microclimatological equipment along oceanic-continental, two elevational, and(fine-scaled) microtopographic gradients. Sites in the oceanic region of the Scandes showed generally higher abundance of m. morio than sites in the continental region. Furthermore, along the elevational gradient, middle-alpine sites showed higher abundances than low-alpine sites. These general patterns are best explained by higher humidity in the oceanic region and in the middlealpine belt. Focusing at a finer scale, i.e. one elevational level within each region, revealed partly opposing activity patterns within relatively short distances. While in the western middle-alpine belt these patterns were best explained by humidityrelated measures but now with higher activity abundance during drier conditions, in the drier eastern middle-alpine belt heat sums rather than humidity were found to be the best explanatoryvariables for the observed patterns. Hence, our results imply a pronounced different reaction of the two populations towards climatic variables that partly even contradict the previously described general pattern. Regardless whether these differences in activity abundance in m. morio are a form of phenotypic plasticity or adaptation, our findings stress the importance of detailed autecological knowledge combined with fine-scaled climatic measurements when aiming at predictions about possible future ecosystem structures and spatiotemporal phenomena. m. morio proves to be an ideal biogeographic model organism for understanding spatio-temporal responses of alpine ecosystems under modified climatic conditions.

关键词： Climate gradients Opiliones Arctic-alpine ecosystems High mountains Scandinavia

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Advanced Exercise Prescription for Cancer Patients and its Application in Germany

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第3期2卷 201-214页

作者： moritz Schumann nils Freitag Wilhelm Bloch Department of molecular and Cellular Sport medicine Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport MedicineGerman Sport University CologneAm Sportpark Müngersdorf 650933 CologneGermany

The scientific interest of exercise medicine for the treatment of cancer is ever *** published and updated guidelines for exercise training in cancer patients by the American College of Sports medicine(ACSm),the Clinical Oncol-ogy Society of Australia(COSA)or the Exercise and Sports Science Australia(ESSA)are leading the way towards an indi-vidualized approach for exercise *** guidelines provide physicians and therapists with a comprehensive and detailed overview about the beneficial effects of exercise training and,more so,summarize the evidence on potential dose-response mechanisms,including pathways of exercise-induced stimuli to counteract tumour microenvironmental ***,the most optimal types and doses of exercise training across the cancer disease and treatment continuum are yet to be ***,the purpose of this narrative review was to illustrate the current implications but also limitations of exercise training during the different stages of cancer therapy,as well as to discuss necessary future *** a second purpose,special attention will be given to the current role of exercise in the treatment of cancer in Germany.

关键词： Exercise medicine Clinical exercise science Exercise guidelines Exercise therapy Exercise oncology

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Lesion-symptom mapping with NIHSS sub-scores in ischemic stroke patients

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第2期7卷 124-131页

作者： Deepthi Rajashekar matthias Wilms m Ethan macDonald Serena Schimert michael D Hill Andrew Demchuk mayank Goyal Sean P Dukelow nils Daniel Forkert Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Radiology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of medicine Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Background Lesion-symptom mapping(LSm)is a statistical technique to investigate the population-specific relationship between structural integrity and post-stroke clinical *** clinical practice,patients are commonly evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),an 11-domain clinical score to quantitate neurological deficits due to *** far,LSm studies have mostly used the total NIHSS score for analysis,which might not uncover subtle structure–function relationships associated with the specific sub-domains of the NIHSS ***,the aim of this work was to investigate the feasibility to perform LSm analyses with sub-score information to reveal category-specific structure–function relationships that a total score may not *** Employing a multivariate technique,LSm analyses were conducted using a sample of 180 patients with NIHSS assessment at 48-hour post-stroke from the ESCAPE *** NIHSS domains were grouped into six categories using two *** was conducted for each category of the two groupings and the total NIHSS *** Sub-score LSms not only identify most of the brain regions that are identified as critical by the total NIHSS score but also reveal additional brain regions critical to each function category of the NIHSS assessment without requiring extensive,specialised *** These findings show that widely available sub-scores of clinical outcome assessments can be used to investigate more specific structure–function relationships,which may improve predictive modelling of stroke outcomes in the context of modern clinical stroke assessments and neuroimaging.

关键词： patients score category

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Correlation between the results of three physical fitness tests(endurance,strength,speed) and the output measured during a bicycle ergometer test in a cohort of military servicemen

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Journal of medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第3期31卷 134-139页

作者： Stefan Sammito nils Gundlach Irina B?ckelmann Bundeswehr medical Service Headquarters Section Health PromotionSports and Nutrition Medicine Otto von Guericke University magdeburg Medical FacultyDepartment of Occupational Medicine Bundeswehr medical Clinic Rotenburg

Background: Physical fitness tests are widely used to assess endurance,sprint ability,coordination and/or *** objective of the present study was to analyze the degree to which the results of the Bundeswehr Basis Fitness Test(BFT)–a physical fitness test comprising a sprint test(11×10-m shuttle test),a flexed-arm hang test and a 1000-m run–are consistent with the output measured during a bicycle ergometer *** number of false-positive and falsenegative results with regard to the assessment of physical fitness were also ***: As part of a retrospective study,health assessments from 323 reenlistment examinations were evaluated regarding the output measured during a bicycle ergometer test and compared with the BFT results of the ***: Overall,a good correlation was shown between the bicycle ergometer test results and the results achieved in the BFT *** three disciplines of the BFT showed a highly significant correlation with the relative output achieved during the bicycle ergometer test(Pmeasured in the three physical fitness test items were highly correlated with the output measured during the bicycle ergometer *** rate of false-positive and false-negative results was *** test items thus represent an appropriate measurement instrument because the test items require few equipment and less ***,a large number of subjects can be *** suggest that it would be more useful to assess the physical fitness of this special group exclusively on the basis of the BFT instead of using the bicycle ergometer test.

关键词： Physical fitness military Ergometer test Bicycle Treadmill

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First record of stable isotopes(δ^(13)C, δ^(18)O) and element ratios(mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) of middle to Late Jurassic belemnites from the Indian Himalayas and their potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第3期10卷 416-437页

作者： matthias Alberti Franz T.Fursich Dhirendra K.Pandey nils Andersen Dieter Garbe-Schonberg Suraj Bhosale Ketan Chaskar Jorg m.Habermann State Key Laboratory for mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringCenter for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina GeoZentrum Nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergLoewenichstraße 2891054 ErlangenGermany Department of Geology School of EarthBiological and Environmental ScienceCentral University of South Bihar SH 7Gaya-Panchanpur RoadVillage KarharaPost FatehpurGaya 824236(Bihar)India Department of Earth and Environmental Science KSKV Kachchh UniversityBhujIndia Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielMax-Eyth-Straße 1124118 KielGermany Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielLudewig-Meyn-Straße 1024118 KielGermany

middle to Late Jurassic belemnites from the Spiti and Zanskar valleys in the Indian Himalayas were used for stable isotope(δ^(13)C, δ^(18)O) and element(mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) analyses. Although the Himalayan orogeny deformed and altered a large portion of the collected fossils, cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy in combination with analyses of iron and manganese contents allowed the identification of belemnites believed to still retain their original chemical composition. Results indicate a long-term temperature decrease from the middle Callovian–Oxfordian to the Tithonian, which is proposed to have been caused by a concomitant drift of eastern Gondwana into higher palaeolatitudes. Reconstructed absolute temperatures depend on the used equation and assumed δ^(18)O value of seawater, but most likely varied between 17.6 ℃ to 27.6℃ in the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian with average values between 22 ℃ to 24 ℃. This way, temperatures were similar to slightly warmer than today at comparable latitudes. The reconstruction of absolute temperatures for the middle Callovian–Oxfordian was hindered by a larger number of poorly preserved belemnites representing this time interval.

关键词： Jurassic Palaeoclimate Water temperature Spiti Zanskar India Tethyan Himalaya Eastern Gondwana

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Plague reservoir species throughout the world

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 820-833页

作者： Ahmad mAHmOUDI Boris KRYŠTUFEK Alexander SLUDSKY Boris V.SCHmID Alzira m.P.DE ALmEIDA Xu LEI Beza RAmASINDRAZANA Eric BERTHERAT Aidyn YESZHANOV nils ChrSTENSETH Ehsan mOSTAFAVI Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUrmia UniversityIran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious DiseasesPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran Slovenian museum of Natural History LjubljanaSlovenia Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute«microbe» SaratovRussian Federation Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway National Reference Laboratory for Plague Fiocruz PERecifePEBrazil State Key Laboratory of Integrated management on Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarMadagascar Department of Infectious Hazard management Health Emergencies ProgrammeWHOGenevaSwitzerland m.Aikimbaev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections AlmatyKazakhstan National Reference Laboratory for Plague Tularemia and Q feverResearch Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious DiseasesPasteur Institute of IranAkanluKabudar AhangHamadanIran

Plague has been known since ancient times as a re-emerging infectious disease,causing considerable socioeconomic burden in regional *** better understand the epidemiological cycle of the causative agent of the plague,its potential occurrence,and possible future dispersion,one must carefully consider the taxonomy,distribution,and ecological requirements of reservoir-species in relation either to natural or human-driven changes(*** change or urbanization).In recent years,the depth of knowledge on species taxonomy and species composition in different landscapes has undergone a dramatic expansion,driven by modern taxonomic methods such as synthetic surveys that take into consideration morphology,genetics,and the ecological setting of captured animals to establish their species ***,we consider the recent taxonomic changes of the rodent species in known plague reservoirs and detail their distribution across the world,with a particular focus on those rodents considered to be keystone host species.A complete checklist of all known plague-infectable vertebrates living in plague foci is provided as a Supporting Information table.

关键词： mammals plague reservoirs rodents taxonomy

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A reference-guided TILLING by amplicon-sequencing platform supports forward and reverse genetics in barley

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 37-53页

作者： Congcong Jiang miaomiao Lei Yu Guo Guangqi Gao Lijie Shi Yanlong Jin Yu Cai axel Himmelbach Shenghui Zhou Qiang He Xuefeng Yao Jinhong Kan Georg Haberer Fengying Duan Lihui Li Jun Liu Jing Zhang manuel Spannagl Chunming Liu nils Stein Zongyun Feng martin mascher Ping Yang Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK) SeelandGermany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Plant Genome and Systems Biology(PGSB) Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany

Barley is a diploid species with a genome smaller than those of other members of the Triticeae tribe,making it an attractive model for genetic studies in Triticeae *** recent development of barley genomics has created a need for a high-throughput platform to identify genetically uniform mutants for gene function *** this study,we report an ethyl methanesulfonate(EmS)-mutagenized population consisting of 8525m_(3) lines in the barley landrace“Hatiexi”(HTX),which we complement with a high-quality de novo assembly of a reference genome for this *** mutation rate within the population ranged from 1.51 to 4.09 mutations per megabase,depending on the treatment dosage of EmS and the mutation discrimination platform used for genotype *** implemented a three-dimensional DNA pooling strategy combined with multiplexed amplicon sequencing to create a highly efficient and cost-effective TILLING(targeting induced locus lesion in genomes)platform in *** were successfully identified from 72 mixed amplicons within a DNA pool containing 64 individual mutants and from 56 mixed amplicons within a pool containing 144 *** discovered abundant allelic mutants for dozens of genes,including the barley Green Revolution contributor gene Brassinosteroid insensitive 1(BRI1).As a proof of concept,we rapidly determined the causal gene responsible for a chlorotic mutant by following the mutmap strategy,demonstrating the value of this resource to support forward and reverse genetic studies in barley.

关键词： barley mutagenesis TILLING amplicon-seq genetics

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Differential expression of interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor signaling regulators in microscopic and ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12249-12259页

作者： Sezin Gunaltay nils Nyhlin Ashok Kumar Kumawat Curt Tysk Johan Bohr Olof Hultgren Elisabeth Hultgren Hornquist Department of Biomedicine School of Health and Medical SciencesOrebro UniversitySE-701 82 OrebroSweden Department of medicine Division of GastroenterologyOrebro University HospitalSchool of Health and Medical SciencesOrebro UniversitySE-701 85 OrebroSweden Department of microbiology and Immunology Orebro University HospitalSE-701 85 OrebroSweden

AIm:To investigate Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling regulators in microscopic and ulcerative colitis ***:Total RNA and microRNA were isolated from fresh frozen colonic biopsies of non-inflamed controls and patients with active or in-remission collagenous colitis(CC),lymphocytic colitis(LC),or ulcerative colitis(UC).We compared expressions of interleukin-1receptor-associated kinase(IRAK)-2,IRAK-m,interleukin(IL)-37,microRNA(miR)-146a,miR-155,and miR-21 using quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain ***:IRAK-m expression was increased in LC patients with active disease in histopathological remission(LC-HR;P=0.02)and UC patients(P=0.01),but no differences in IRAK-2 expression were detected compared to ***-146a,-155 and-21 expressions were increased in LC-HR(P=0.04,0.07,and 0.004)and UC(P=0.02,0.04 and 0.03)***-146a and miR-21 expressions were significantly enhanced in UC patients compared to UC remission(UC-R;P=0.01and 0.04).Likewise,active CC patients showed significantly increased expression of miR-155(P=0.003)and miR-21(P=0.006).IL-37 expression was decreased in both CC(P=0.03)and LC(P=0.04)patients with a similar trend in UC patients but not statistically significant,whilst it was increased in UC-R patients compared to controls(P=0.02)and active UC(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:The identification of differentially expressed miRNAs,IL-37,and IRAK-m suggests different pathophysiologic mechanisms in various disease stages in LC,CC,and UC.

关键词： Interleukin-37 microRNA Lymphocytic colitis Collagenous colitis Ulcerative colitis

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Feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics:a comprehensive meta-data analysis review

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Biochar 2020年第4期2卷 421-438页

作者： James A.Ippolito Liqiang Cui Claudia Kammann Nicole Wrage‑mönnig Jose mEstavillo Teresa Fuertes‑mendizabal maria Luz Cayuela Gilbert Sigua Jeff Novak Kurt Spokas nils Borchard Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort Collins 80523USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of Technology9 Yingbin AvenueYancheng 224051China Department of Applied Ecology Geisenheim UniversityVon‑Lade‑Straße 165366 GeisenheimGermany Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Grassland and Fodder SciencesUniversity of RostockJustus‑von‑Liebig‑Weg 618059 RostockGermany Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Apdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Waste management CEBAS-CSICCampus Universitario de Espinardo30100 MurciaSpain United States Department of Agriculture Agriculture Research ServiceCoastal Plains Research Center2611 West Lucas StreetFlorenceSC 29501USA United States Department of Agriculture Agriculture Research ServiceSoil and Water Management Research UnitUniversity of Minnesota439 Borlaug Hall1991 Buford CircleSt.PaulMN 29501USA Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Latokartanonkaari 900790 HelsinkiFinland

Various studies have established that feedstock choice,pyrolysis temperature,and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical ***,overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely ***,the objective of this work was to help researchers,biochar-stakeholders,and practitioners make more well-informed choices in terms of how these three major parameters influence the final biochar *** approximately 5400 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 50,800 individual data points,herein we elucidate the selections that influence final biochar physical and chemical properties,total nutrient content,and perhaps more importantly tools one can use to predict biochar’s nutrient *** on the large dataset collected,it appears that pyrolysis type(fast or slow)plays a minor role in biochar physico-(inorganic)chemical characteristics;few differences were evident between production *** temperature,however,affects biochar’s longevity,with pyrolysis temperatures>500℃ generally leading to longer-term(i.e.,>1000 years)*** pyrolysis temperatures also led to biochars containing greater overall C and specific surface area(SSA),which could promote soil physico-chemical ***,based on the collected data,it appears that feedstock selection has the largest influence on biochar *** surface area is greatest in wood-based biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could likely promote greater changes in soil physical characteristics over other feedstock-based ***-and other grass-based biochars appear to have cation exchange capacities greater than other biochars,which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could potentially lead to longer-term changes in soil nutrient *** collected data also suggest that one can reasonably predict the availability of various biochar nutrients(e.g.,N,P

关键词： Biochar Total elemental analysis Plant-available elemental analysis Physico-chemical characteristics·meta-analysis

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Processing and Characterization of PmmA Nanofiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

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World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 2016年第2期6卷 58-63页

作者： Salwan Al-Assafi nils de Bruijn Ahmed m. Al-Jumaily Institute of Biomedical Technologies Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Academie for Technology Health and Environment Avans University of Applied Sciences Breda Netherlands

Growing demand for high-performance materials is driving the development of composites with nano material reinforcement. The use of nano reinforcement can provide a distinct advantage due to high surface area of the material. There are still many challenges in achieving the full potential of nanocomposites. In this paper, we investigate the performance of epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with short polymethyl methacrylate (PmmA) nanofibers. PmmA nanofibers were chopped and mixed with the epoxy resin and then the mixture was poured into a mould. Samples were cut to an appropriate size after cure and mechanical testing was carried out. Tensile and flexural strength and modulus were evaluated for samples with various fiber volume fractions to determine changes in mechanical performance. Also Scanning Electron microscopy was utilized to investigate fracture surface and fiber-matrix interface. Results indicated that mechanical performance dropped as volume fraction of fibers increased, namely poor fiber-matrix adhesion and presence of porosity resulted in deterioration in strength and modulus. Further research is required to develop fiber coating system to enhance performance of the nanocomposite by improving fiber-matrix adhesion and fiber wet-out.

关键词： Nanocomposite Nanofiber Epoxy Electrospinning PmmA Polymer Composites

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