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High Refractive Index Ti3O5 Films for Dielectric Metasurfaces

Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第8期34卷 141-143页

作者： Sohail Abdul Jalil Mahreen Akram Gwanho Yoon Ayesha Khalid Dasol Lee niloufar raeis-hosseini Sunae So Inki Kim Qazi Salman Ahmed Junsuk Rho Muhammad Qasim Mehmoo Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University of the Punjab Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics GCU Lahore 54000 Pakistan

Ti33O55 films are deposited with the help of an electron beam evaporator for their applications in metasurfaces. The film of subwavelength （632nm） thickness is deposited on a silicon substrate and annealed at 400℃. The ellipsometry result shows a high refractive index above 2.5 with the minimum absorption coefficient in the visible region, which is necessary for high efficiency of transparent metasurfaces. Atomic force microscopy analysis is employed to measure the roughness of the as-deposited films. It is seen from micrographs that the deposited films are very smooth with the minimum roughness to prevent scattering and absorption losses for metasurface devices. The absence of grains and cracks can be seen by scanning electron microscope analysis, which is favorable for electron beam lithography. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals the transmission and reflection obtained from the film deposited on glass substrates. The as-deposited film shows high transmission above 60%, which is in good agreement with metasurfaces.

关键词： High Refractive Index Ti3O5 Films for Dielectric Metasurfaces Ti

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Land-use change and carbon stocks: A case study, Noor County, Iran

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 461-469页

作者： niloufar Haghdoost Moslem Akbarinia Seyed Mohsen hosseini Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares UniversityNoor Mazandaran Iran. Postal code: 46417-76489 Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares UniversityNoor Mazandaran Iran

Land-use changes and land cover strongly influence carbon stock and distribution within ecosystems. Changing the land-use from natural forest to other land-uses has been more rapid in the past few decades than at any time in Iran＇s history. In this study, we investigated the effects of changing the land-use from natural forest to other land-uses on carbon stocks in northern Iran. We selected five sites for this study：（I） a natural forest, （II） an agricultural field and （III） plantations of three different species （Alnus subcordata .L, Acer velutinum .Boiss and Cu- pressus sempervirens）. We examined the effects of land-use changes on：（I） soil carbon stock （0-50 cm depth）, （II） biomass and carbon content of grassy vegetation and litter and （III） above- and below-ground biomass C in trees. Soil C stock was higher under A. velutinum and C. sempervirens whereas it was lower under A. subcordata and agricultural sites. Biomass and C content of grassy vegetation were significantly higher at A. veluti- num and C. sempervirens plantations. However, litter biomass and C content were significantly higher at the natural forest site. Natural forest had the highest amount of C content in above- and below-ground bio- mass. Total ecosystem C stocks declined following land-use changes.

关键词： biomass climate change mitigation Hyrcanian forests plan-tation soil organic carbon

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Macrophage-targeted single walled carbon nanotubes stimulate phagocytosis via pH-dependent drug release

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Nano Research 2021年第3期14卷 762-769页

作者： Yapei Zhang Jianqin Ye niloufar hosseini-Nassab Alyssa Flores Irina Kalashnikova Sesha Lakshmi Paluri Mozhgan Lotfi Nicholas J.Leeper Bryan Ronain Smith Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Surgery Division of Vascular SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA Stanford Cardiovascular Institute StanfordCA94305USA Department of Radiology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the world.A driving feature of atherosclerotic plaque formation is dysfunctional *** the“don’t eat me”molecule CD47 is upregulated in atherosclerotic plaque cores,CD47-blocking strategies can stimulate the efferocytic clearance of apoptotic cells and thereby help prevent the progression of plaque ***,these therapies are generally costly and,in clinical and murine trials,they have resulted in side effects including anemia and ***,we developed and characterized an intracellular phagocytosis-stimulating treatment in the CD47-SIRPα*** loaded a novel monocyte/macrophage-selective nanoparticle carrier system with a small molecule enzymatic inhibitor that is released in a pH-dependent manner to stimulate macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic cell debris via the CD47-SIRPαsignaling *** demonstrated that single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)can selectively deliver tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor 1(TPI)intracellularly to macrophages,which potently stimulates efferocytosis,and chemically characterized the ***,SWNT-delivered TPI can stimulate macrophage efferocytosis,with the potential to reduce or prevent atherosclerotic disease.

关键词： macrophages phagocytosis single-walled carbon nanotubes tyrosine phosphatase 1(SHP1)inhibitor atherosclerosis

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