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Flooding as a cause of ungulate mortality in floodplain forests in Croatia

Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 1045-1052页

作者： Damir ugarkovic Nikica Sprem nikolina kelava ugarkovic Milan Orsanic Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska 2510002 ZagrebCroatia Department of Fisheries BeekeepingGame Management and Special ZoologyFaculty of AgricultureUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska cesta 2510002 ZagrebCroatia Department of Animal Science and Technology Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of ZagrebSvetosimunska cesta 2510002 ZagrebCroatia

Floodplain forests with regular flooding regimes are the largest natural retentions areas in Croatia and are important as natural habitats for ungulates.The aim of this study was to determine the scale of mortality caused by flooding within these forests.Over a 10-year period,data on ungulate mortality(red deer,roe deer and wild boar),flood duration and flooded surface area were recorded.The study was conducted in primary(Posavske Sume—RET I)and secondary(Opeke II—RET II)retention areas within Lonjsko Polje Nature Park(Sava River region,Croatia).The longest flood period and the largest flooded surface area were recorded in RET I.Total ungulate mortality was749 individuals,with 482 individuals in RET I and 267 individuals in RET II,predominantly wild boar.Flood mortality did not differ by gender.The highest mortality of wild boar was recorded for the juvenile and yearling ageclasses.Low mortality of red and roe deer can be attributed to their body size and ecological niches.Differences in mortality between the primary and secondary retention areas corresponded to differences in flood regimes,flood column heights and micro relief structures.In both retention areas,wild boar mortality and flood duration,i.***.flooded surface area,were positively correlated.Because the growth rate of the analysed ungulate populations was higher than the recorded mortality,no long-term effect of floods is expected on species abundance in these areas.

关键词： Floods Floodplain forests Mortality Red deer Roe deer Wild boar

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