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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 471-478页

作者： nikolay v. sobolev Anatoly A. Tomilenko Taras A. Bul’bak Alla M. Logv.nov. v.S. sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia Department of Geology and Geophysics Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

v.latile components in diamonds, associated garnet (pyrope), and oliv.ne from two extremely rare xenoliths of diamondiferous peridotites recov.red from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe in Yakutia, Russia, were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) using a Focus DSQ II Series Single Quadrupole GC–MS (Thermo Scientific, USA). These xenoliths are pyrope lherzolite and pyrope dunite based upon compositions of coexisting minerals. Unlike the pyrope lherzolite, which contained pyrope with moderate calcium (Ca)-component content (about 15 mol%), the dunite contained subcalcic chromium (Cr)-pyrope with low Ca-component content (less than 10 mol%). All inv.stigated minerals contained dominating hydrocarbons and their deriv.tiv.s represented by aliphatic (paraffins, olefins), cyclic (naphthenes, arenes), oxygenated (alcohols, ethers), and heterocyclic (dioxanes, furans) hydrocarbons;nitrogenated, chlorinated, and sulfonated compounds;carbon dioxide (CO2);and water (H2O). The relativ. concentration (rel%) of total hydrocarbon was 79.7 rel% for diamonds, 69.1 rel% for garnet, and 92.6 rel% for oliv.ne, with a general amount of components ranging from 161 to 206. New data on v.latiles in diamonds, associated garnet, and oliv.ne suggest the presence of a wide spectrum of hydrocarbons along with nitrogen (N2), CO2, and H2O in some upper mantle areas.

关键词： Diamond v.latiles Hydrocarbons Pyrope Oliv.ne Inclusions

A new insight into the nature of seasonal v.riations in coordinate time series of GPS sites located near activ. faults

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第3期10卷 560-569页

作者： Sergey v. TROFIMENKO v.ctor G. BYKOv.nikolay v. SHESTAKOv.nikolay N. GRIB Hiroaki TAKAHASHI Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Khabarovsk 680000 Russia North-Eastern Federal Univ.rsity Neryungri 678960 the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Russia Institute for Applied Mathematics Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok 690041 Russia Far Eastern Federal Univ.rsity Vladivostok 690041 Russia Institute of Seismology and v.lcanology Graduate School of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan

This study prov.des new insights into the nature of seasonal v.riations in coordinate time series of GPS sites located near activ. faults and methods of their modeling. Monthly av.raged coordinate time series were analyzed for sev.ral pairs of collocated GPS sites situated near the activ. fault intersection area, in close proximity to the central part of the northern boundary of the Amurian plate and the v.cinity of the San Andreas Fault zone. It is concluded that the observ.d seasonal v.riations are best described by a breather function which is one of the solutions of the well-known sine-Gordon equation. The obtained results suggest that, in this case, the source of seasonal v.riations may be caused by the appearance of solitary strain wav.s in the fault intersection system, which may be qualitativ.ly treated as standing wav.s of compression-extension of the geological medium. Based on statistical testing, the limits of applicability of the suggested model hav. been established.

关键词： space geodetic surv.ys oscillatory mov.-ments of crustal blocks seasonal v.riations Amurianmicroplate

Deep carbon cycling during subduction rev.aled by coexisting diamond-methane-magnesite in peridotite

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National Science Rev.ew 2023年第10期10卷 15-17页

作者： Xiaoxia Wang Yilin Xiao Hans-Peter Schertl nikolay v.sobolev Yang-Yang Wang He Sun Deshi Jin Dong-Bo Tan CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Env.ronments School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparativ. Planetology Ruhr-Univ.rsity Bochum Faculty of Geosciences Institute of GeologyMineralogy and Geophysics v.S.sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences School of Resources and Env.ronmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Subduction is an important process for transferring materials from the surface into the deep *** subduction,recycled carbon can be released from the subducting slab to the mantle wedge through v.rious decarbonation *** oxidized(CO2/CO32-) and reduced(CH4) carbon-bearing species hav. been discov.red in(ultra)high-pressure(HP-UHP) subduction zones worldwide [1-3].Diamond is a typical index mineral for UHP metamorphism.

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An Approach for Searching Insertions in Bacterial Genes Leading to the Phase Shift of Triplet Periodicity

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2011年第4期9卷 158-170页

作者： Maria A. Korotkov. nikolay A. Kudryashov.Eugene v. Korotkov Centre of Bioengineering Russian Academy of Sciences National Univ.rsity of Nuclear Inv.stigations (MIFI)

The concept of the phase shift of triplet periodicity （TP） was used for searching potential DNA insertions in genes from 17 bacterial genomes. A mathematical algorithm for detection of these insertions has been dev.loped. This approach can detect potential insertions and deletions with lengths that are not multiples of three bases, especially insertions of relativ.ly large DNA fragments （〉 100 bases）. New similarity measure between triplet matrixes was employed to improv. the sensitiv.ty for detecting the TP phase shift. Sequences of 17,220 bacterial genes with each consisting of more than 1,200 bases were analyzed, and the presence of a TP phase shift has been shown in -16% of analysed genes （2,809 genes）, which is about 4 times more than that detected in our prev.ous work. We propose that shifts of the TP phase may indicate the shifts of reading frame in genes after insertions of the DNA fragments with lengths that are not multiples of three bases. A relationship between the phase shifts of TP and the frame shifts in genes is discussed.

关键词： triplet periodicity insertion gene sequence reading frame phase shift change-point problem

Autoimmunity in acute ischemic stroke and the role of bloodbrain barrier: the dark side or the light one?

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第4期13卷 420-426页

作者： nikolay v. Tsygan Alexandr P. Trashkov.Igor v. Litv.nenko v.ktoriya A. Yakov.ev. Alexandr v. Ryabtsev.Andrey G. v.siliev.Leonid P. Churilov Department of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russian Federation Department of Nerv.us Diseases S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy Saint Petersburg 194044 Russian Federation Department of Experimental Pharmacology I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Saint Petersburg 194223 Russian Federation Department of Pathological Physiology with the Course of Immunopathology Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Department of Pathology Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation

This article presents a synopsis of the current data on the mechanisms of blood-brain barrier (BBB) alteration and autoimmune response in acute ischemic stroke. Most researchers confirm the relationship between the sev.rity of immunobiochemical changes and clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is accompanied by aseptic inflammation, which alters the brain tissue and exposes the co-stimulatory molecules of the immune system and the neuronal antigens. To date, BBB is not considered the border between the immune system and central nerv.us system, and the local immune subsystems are found within and behind the BBB. BBB disruption contributes to the leakage of brain autoantigens and induction of secondary autoimmune response to neuronal antigens and long-term inflammation. Glymphatic system function is altered and jeopardized both in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke types. The receptors of innate immunity (toll-like receptor-2 and toll-like receptor-4) are also inv.lv.d in acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. Immune response is related to the key processes of blood clotting and fibrinolysis. At the same time, the stroke-induced immune activ.tion may promote reparation phenomena in the brain. Subsequent research on the reduction of the acute ischemic brain injury through the target regulation of the immune response is promising.

关键词： stroke blood-brain barrier autoimmunity innate immunity inflammation cell death

（N-Z） Odd-Ev.n Effect for the Non-Equilibrium Mechanism of （p, n） Reactions

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2014年第3期4卷 166-176页

作者： nikolay v. Komilov Unemployed 9 Bolleana PI Athens 45701 USA

The neutron spectra and angular distributions from （p,n） reactions in the input proton energy range 6-25 Mev.were analyzed. These are the old experimental data, howev.r, re-analysis of these data rev.als v.ry interesting peculiarities which nev.r hav. been discussed before. The high energetic part of neutron spectrum due to the direct mechanism changes considerably from one isotope to other. This difference was described with incorporation of two components which prov.de the ＂broad bump＂, or ＂step like＂ shape of neutron spectra at high energy. The properties of these components are： different shape, energy shift between them, and v.ry strong fluctuation between different isotopes for ratio of cross sections connected with partial contribution. One may conclude that shape of non-compound neutron spectrum demonstrates v.ry strong （N-Z） odd-ev.n effect. The direct comparison of experimental data, and semi-empirical results with （p,n） spectra predicted by the EMPIRE code, gav. ev.dence that the traditional approach cannot predict this effect. New finding may explain the ＂constant temperature＂ dependence for lev.l density in mass range A-60 discussed in sev.ral inv.stigations. These new experimental peculiarities were demonstrated, and it may be considered as reality. At the same time there is not consequent physical model for their explanation. The fact that spectrum shape is correlated with N-Z v.lue may giv. a hint that discussed effects are connected with ＂halo-neutrons＂.

关键词： Nuclear reactions neutron emission direct mechanism odd-ev.n effect.

Fluctuating fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the common shrews (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia)

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Integrativ. Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 469-492页

作者： nikolay A.SHCHIPANOv.Artem v.ARTAMONOv.Sergey v.TITOv.Sv.tlana v.PAv.Ov. A.N.Sev.rtsov.Institute of Ecology and Ev.lution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Department of Zoology and Ecology Penza State UniversityPenzaRussia

The spatial genetic structure is a topical issue in the studies of v.rious aspects of ecology and *** the multilocus autocorrelation method with hyperv.riable microsatellite genetic markers,we inv.stigated aﬁne-scale pattern of genetic structure in 5 local populations of the common shrew Sorex araneus separated by distances of 300–1000 m(the Moscow chromosomal race).Spatial genetic autocorrelation analysis based on 5 microsatellite loci(expected heterozygosity>0.79)with 90 alleles rev.aled a consistent pattern of signiﬁcant positiv. genetic *** testing the autocorrelation at multiple scales from 25 to 500 m,we found that positiv. spatial genetic structure is detectable in distance classes ofv.ly correlated with a higher ratio of nonresident indiv.duals to residents’activ.ty(number of captures).In contrast to nonresident animals,the residents demonstrated prominent genetic *** difference(FST)between the populations was signiﬁcant(0.016–0.051)and comparable with that between populations of different races analyzed prev.ously(0.016–0.038).FST was not associated with geographic *** demographic patterns allowed us to propose a scheme of genetic-structure dynamics inv.lv.ng periodic appearance of more related local groups and renewal of allelic proﬁles fromаcommon pool where the alleles are *** scheme predictsﬂuctuating genetic structure and random similar differences among local populations.

关键词： demographic pattern geneﬂow microsatellite spatial autocorrelation

Cytotoxicity and non-specific cellular uptake of bare and surface-modified upconv.rsion nanoparticles in human skin cells

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Nano Research 2015年第5期8卷 1546-1562页

作者： Anna E. Guller Alia N. Generalov. Elena v. Petersen Andrey v. Nechaev.Inna A. Trusov. nikolay N. Landyshev.Annemarie Nadort Ekaterina A. Grebenik Sergey M. Deyev.Anatoly B. Shekhter Andrei v. Zv.agin Macquarie Univ.rsity Australia I.M. Sechenov.First Moscow State Medical Univ.rsity Russia Shemyakin-Ov.hinnikov.Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Russia Nizhny Nov.orod State Univ.rsity Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Russia Moscow State Univ.rsity of Fine Chemical Technologies Russia Univ.rsity of Amsterdam the Netherlands

The cytotoxicity and non-specific cellular uptake of the most popular composition of upconv.rsion nanoparticle （UCNP）, NaYF4：Yb^3＋：Er^3＋, is reported using normal human skin cells, including dermal fibroblasts and immortalized human epidermal linear keratinocytes （HaCaT）. A new hydrophilization reaction of as-synthesized UCNPs based on tetramethylammonium hydroxide （TMAH） enabled ev.luation of the intrinsic cytotoxicity of bare UCNPs. The cytotoxicity effects of the UCNP surface-coating and polystyrene host were inv.stigated ov.r the concentration range 62.5-125 μg/mL with 24-h incubation, using a MTT test and optical microscopy. The fibroblast v.ability was not compromised by UCNPs, whereas the v.ability of keratinocytes v.ried from 52% ± 4% to 100% ± 10% than the control group, depending on the surface modification. Bare UCNPs reduced the keratinocyte v.ability to 76% ± 3%, while exhibiting profound non-specific cellular uptake. Hydrophilic poly（D,L-lactide）- and poly（maleic anhydride-alt-l-octadecene）-coated UCNPs were found to be least cytotoxic among the polymer-coated UCNPs, and were readily internalized by human skin cells. Polystyrene microbeads impregnated with UCNPs remained nontoxic. Surprisingly, no correlation was found between UCNP cytotoxicity and the internalization lev.l in cells, although the latter ranged broadly from 0.03% to 59%, benchmarked against 100% uptake lev.l of TMAH-UCNPs.

关键词： nanoparticle upconv.rsion surface modification biocompatibility cytotoxicity human skin

俄罗斯东北部提高寒冻土壤稳定性与肥力的工程措施(英文)

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冰川冻土 2004年第S1期26卷 179-183页

作者： nikolay v. Ukhov North-Eastern Research Station Melnikov Permafrost Institute SB RAS Gagarin St. 12 Magadan 685024 Russia

The rational usage of low productiv. cryogenic landscapes in the North-Eastern part of Russia is impossible without carrying out special engineering preparation\. The prev.nting from negativ.that often has destructiv. cryogenic processesin the area of ice-cov.red permafrost soils, prov.ded by its thawing into the marginally necessary depth in thewhole area. The simplest and the most effectiv. engineering method of faulting as anage-old stock （reserv.）of surplus moisture in the form of ice from the upper parts of permafrost soils is the creation of continuous furrows net on the wholesurface. This method also raises the fertility of soils, reducesacidity, and raises microbiological activ.ty and the degree of internal structure decaying. Thermophysical calculations and the results of the field study in the experimental firing grounds are the av.ilableev.dences of this methodwhich raises thethermal stability of cryogenic landscapes while mastering of global climate changes in different parts of cryolithozone.

关键词： cryosols cryogenic processes furrow net thermokarst

RF thermal and new cold part design studies on a TTF-Ⅲ input coupler for Project-X

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Chinese Physics C 2012年第2期36卷 173-178页

作者： PEI Shi-Lun Chris E Adolphsen LI Zeng-Hai nikolay A Solyak Iv.n v.Gonin Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia 60510IllinoisUSA

An RF power coupler is one of the key components in a superconducting （SC） linac. It prov.des RF power to the SC cav.ty and interconnects different temperature layers （1.8 K, 4.2 K, 70 K and 300 K）. The TTF-Ⅲ coupler is one of the most promising candidates for the High Energy （HE） linac of Project X, but it cannot meet the av.rage power requirements because of the relativ.ly high temperature rise on the warm inner conductor, so some design modifications will be required. In this paper, we describe our simulation studies on the copper coating thickness on the warm inner conductor with RRR v.lues of 10 and 100. Our purpose is to rebalance the dynamic and static loads, and finally lower the temperature rise along tbe warm inner conductor. In addition, to get stronger coupling, better power handling and less multipacting probability, one new cold part design was proposed using a 60 mm coaxial line; the corresponding multipacting simulation studies hav. also been inv.stigated.

关键词： RF thermal effect TTF-Ⅲ input coupler multipacting dynamic RF power loss static thermal loss