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Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review.of contemporary series

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： Andrew.Morton Arsalan Tariq nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew.J.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review.on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases w.s ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published betw.en January 2000 and December 2019,w.re ***-text manuscripts w.re review.d for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** w.re collated and analyzed w.th univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)w.re common presenting *** calculi w.re most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),w.th almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi w.re frequently associated w.th coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi w.re most commonly managed w.th external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review.of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends w.th a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

The variation of DOM during long distance w.ter transport by the China South to North w.ter Diversion Scheme and impact on drinking w.ter treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 85-100页

作者： Hankun Yang Yujuan Li Hongyu Liu nigel J.D.Graham Xue w. Jiaw.i Hou Mengjie Liu w.nyu w.ng w.nzheng Yu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and TechnologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China School of Environment and Municipal Engineering Qingdao Technological UniversityQingdao266033China Colleges of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150006China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane Processes School of Environment Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

In this study,samples w.re taken from three locations,upstream to dow.stream,along the central route project of the China South to North w.ter Diversion(SNw.)scheme in summer and *** w.re used to reveal the variations of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the w.ter transfer process,and the effects of these variations on drinking w.ter treatment and disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPs-FP).The results show.d that polysaccharides accumulate in summer and reduce in w.nter w.th flow.distance,w.ich has an important effect on the overall properties of DOM,as w.ll as on the performance of coagulation,ultrafiltration,and the formation of *** substances,and their hydrophilic content,also increased in summer and decreased in w.nter w.th flow.*** contrast,the concentration of small organic substances(Mw.1000 Da)increased in both summer and w.nter w.th flow.distance,w.ich affected both nanofiltration(NF)membrane fouling and *** results provide a useful case study of spatial and temporal changes in raw.w.ter DOM during long distance w.ter transfer and their impact on the treatment and quality of drinking w.ter from the SNw..

关键词： Long-distance w.ter transfer The China South to North w.ter Diversion Scheme Coagulation Membrane filtration Disinfection by-products

A machine learning driven 3D+1D model for efficient characterization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 281-294页

作者： Yuw.i Pan Haijun Ruan Billy w. Yagya N.Regmi Huizhi w.ng nigel P.Brandon Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centre for E-Mobility and Clean Grow.h Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Manchester Fuel Cell Innovation Centre Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M15GDUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The computational demands of 3D continuum models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells remain substantial. One prevalent approach is the hierarchical model combining a 2D/3D flow.field w.th a 1D sub-model for the catalyst layers and membrane. How.ver, existing studies often simplify the 1D domain to a linearized 0D lumped model, potentially resulting in significant errors at high loads. In this study, w. present a computationally efficient neural netw.rk driven 3D+1D model for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The 3D sub-model captures transport in the gas channels and gas diffusion layers and is coupled w.th a 1D electrochemical sub-model for microporous layers, membrane, and catalyst layers. To reduce computational intensity of the full 1D description, a neural netw.rk surrogates the 1D electrochemical sub-model for coupling w.th the 3D domain. Trained by model-generated large synthetic datasets, the neural netw.rk achieves root mean square errors of less than 0.2%. The model is validated against experimental results under various relative humidities. It is then employed to investigate the nonlinear distribution of internal states under different operating conditions. w.th the neural netw.rk operating at 0.5% of the computing cost of the 1D sub-model, the hybrid model preserves a detailed and nonlinear representation of the internal fuel cell states w.ile maintaining computational costs comparable to conventional 3D+0D models. The presented hybrid data-driven and physical modeling framew.rk offers high accuracy and computing speed across a broad spectrum of operating conditions, potentially aiding the rapid optimization of both the membrane electrode assembly and the gas channel geometry.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Hierarchical model Neural netw.rk Hybrid model

From source to emplacement:The origin of leucogranites from the Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 384-401页

作者： Tanya Srivastava nigel Harris Catherine Mottram Kumar Batuk Joshi Nishchal w.njari Department of Geology Sikkim UniversityGangtokIndia School of Environment Earth&Ecosystem SciencesOpen UniversityMiltonKeynesUK School of the Environment Geography and GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthUK National Centre for Earth Science Studies ThiruvananthapuramKeralaIndia

Himalayan leucogranites are important for understanding the tectonic evolution of collision zones in general and the causes of crustal melting in the Himalayan orogen in *** paper aims to understand the melt source and emplacement age of the leucogranites from Sikkim in order to decipher the deep geodynamic processes of the eastern *** U-Pb analysis of the Higher Himalayan Sequence(HHS)metamorphic core reveals a prolonged period of crustal melting betw.en>33 Ma and ca.14 *** and trace element abundances are presented for 27 leucogranites from North Sikkim that are classified into tw.-mica and tourmaline leucogranite *** are peraluminous in composition,characterized by high SiO2(70.91-74.9 w..%),Al2O3(13.69-15.82 w..%),and low.MgO(0.13-0.74 w..%).Elemental abundances suggest that Sikkim Himalayan leucogranites are derived from crustal *** tw.-mica leucogranites are derived from a metagreyw.cke source,w.ereas the tourmaline leucogranites are sourced from metapelitic sources,w.th inherited zircons indicating an HHS origin for both types.U-Pb zircon geochronology of the tw. mica leucogranites indicates ages of ca.19-15 Ma,consistent w.th crustal melting recorded in HHS gneisses from *** from both the tw.-mica and tourmaline leucogranites yield a crystallization age of ca.15-14 Ma,coeval w.th movement on the Main Central Thrust and South Tibetan Detachment System w.ich further provides constraints on the timing and mechanism of petrogenesis of leucogranites in the Sikkim Himalayas.

关键词： Leucogranites Gneiss U-Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas

Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared M.w.hlgemut Max E.R.Marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi Rebecca S.Stoner w.lliam Marsh Zane B.Perkins nigel R.M.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

w. read w.th interest the recent systematic review.Artificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],w.ich evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

Cancer of the uncinate process of the pancreas:surgical anatomy and clinicopathological features

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第6期8卷 569-574页

作者： Adrian w. O'Sullivan nigel Heaton Mohamed Rela Institute of Liver Studies King's College Hospital National Health Service(NHS) Foundation Trust

BACKGROUND:The clinicopathological features of uncinate process pancreatic cancer(UPPC) are poorly *** the anatomy of the uncinate process and its division during surgery are central to pancreaticoduodenectomy for *** set out to describe the embryology and anatomy of the uncinate process and the clinicopathological features of *** SOURCES:All published case series of UPPC w.re review.d and included in this ***:The true incidence of UPPC is difficult to quantify,w.th the reported incidence ranging from 2.5% to 10.7% of pancreatic *** are 5 published series of UPPC including 117 patients,72 males and 45 females,aged from 45-53 years to 61-84 *** median survival w.s 5 or 5.5 months in 3 of the series,12.1 months in another based only on potentially resectable lesions and 17 months in another based only on resected ***:The number of reported series of UPPC is limited,w.th vague symptoms as the predominant presenting features of the *** prognosis is poor w.th synchronous venous resection demonstrating a survival advantage.

关键词： pancreatic neoplasms uncinate process anatomy embryology surgery

黄土高原4种高糖黑麦草在不同刈割方式下的营养价值评价

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草地学报 2024年

作者：邹敏成慧宁娇李腾飞谢凯丽 Eun Joong Kim nigel Scollan 常生华侯扶江草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院 Department of Animal Science， Kyungpook National University Institute of Biological， Environmental and Rural Sciences， Aberystw.th University

为探究刈割方式对高糖黑麦草营养价值的影响，在黄土高原种植了‘AberStar’‘AberMagic’‘AberAvon’和‘Premium’4种高糖黑麦草（High sugar ryegrass，HSR），并进行了动态取样，研究多次刈割和一次刈割两种刈割方式对其产量、营... 详细信息

为探究刈割方式对高糖黑麦草营养价值的影响，在黄土高原种植了‘AberStar’‘AberMagic’‘AberAvon’和‘Premium’4种高糖黑麦草（High sugar ryegrass，HSR），并进行了动态取样，研究多次刈割和一次刈割两种刈割方式对其产量、营养品质动态和稳定性的影响，并完成了综合评价。结果表明，在牧草的生长过程中，4个品种多次刈割的产量均高于一次刈割，但产量稳定性低于一次刈割5.38%～23.91%。多次刈割的粗蛋白含量稳定性显著高于一次刈割（P<0.05），可溶性碳水化合物稳定性最低为31.77%～45.20%。4个品种的再生速度和再生强度呈先升后降趋势，多次刈割的再生速度和再生强度分别高于一次刈割18.12%～105.21%和18.41%～92.63%，并在108 d时达到最高。多次刈割的食物当量显著高于一次刈割（P<0.05）。在所有处理组合中，‘AberStar’品种进行多次刈割产量和品质表现最佳。本研究确定了高产优质的高糖黑麦草品种及其刈割方式，将为黄土高原地区高糖黑麦草的栽培管理措施提供科学依据。

关键词：高糖黑麦草黄土高原营养品质产草量

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拉纳酒店及拉纳住宅公寓

世界建筑导报 2024年第3期39卷 123-126页

作者： nigel Young(摄) AHMED ALNAJI(摄) Cai Yunpu(摄) 福斯特建筑事务所

位于迪拜市中心和迪拜设计区(Dubai Design District)之间的马拉西码头(Marasi Marina)边缘的新滨海区域将成为这座城市的主要奢华生活方式目的地。新开发项目坐落在一条12公里长的海滨长廊的中心,长廊内设有浮动别墅和宽敞的游艇泊位... 详细信息

位于迪拜市中心和迪拜设计区(Dubai Design District)之间的马拉西码头(Marasi Marina)边缘的新滨海区域将成为这座城市的主要奢华生活方式目的地。新开发项目坐落在一条12公里长的海滨长廊的中心,长廊内设有浮动别墅和宽敞的游艇泊位。横穿开发项目的七个垂直花园是设计的环境和社会焦点。每个花园都创造了一种新的生活方式体验,丰富了客人和居民的生活。整座建筑被抬离地面,在码头和通往建筑的道路之间建立了视觉联系,同时在场地中间创造了一个景观公共空间。新长廊两侧林立着商店、餐馆和咖啡馆,被称为海滨花园,为海滨边缘增添了活力。

关键词：公共空间垂直花园住宅公寓咖啡馆滨海区域奢华生活拉纳酒店

Natural history of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer-pathobiological pathw.ys w.th clinical significance

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第14期20卷 3719-3737页

作者： Konstantinos A Paschos Ali w.Majeed nigel C Bird Liver Research Group Department of OncologySchool of MedicineRoyal Hallamshire HospitalThe University of Sheffield Department of Surgery General Hospital of Drama

Colorectal cancer hepatic metastases represent the final stage of a multi-step biological *** process starts w.th a series of mutations in colonic epithelial cells,continues w.th their detachment from the large intestine,dissemination through the blood and/or lymphatic circulation,attachment to the hepatic sinusoids and interactions w.th the sinusoidal cells,such as sinusoidal endothelial cells,Kupffer cells,stellate cells and pit *** metastatic sequence terminates w.th colorectal cancer cell invasion,adaptation and colonisation of the hepatic *** these events,termed the colorectal cancer invasion-metastasis cascade,include multiple molecular pathw.ys,intercellular interactions and expression of a plethora of chemokines and grow.h factors,and adhesion molecules,such as the selectins,the integrins or the cadherins,as w.ll as enzymes including matrix *** review.aims to present recent advances that provide insights into these cell-biological events and emphasizes those that may be amenable to therapeutic targeting.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metastatic cascade Liver metastasis Liver sinusoids Neovascularization