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Observations of defect propagation in [100]-oriented opal-type photonic crystals

Chinese physics B 2008年第4期17卷 1298-1304页

作者：金崇君 Richard M.De La Rue nigel p.johnson Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering University of Glasgow School of physics and Engineering Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSun Yat-Sen University

Charged colloidal suspensions have been used as experimental models for the study of crystal nucleation. Here we propose that the technique of template-assisted colloidal self-assembly can be used to visualize the effects of defect propagation in atomic crystal films produced using epitaxial growth. Templates with periodic line defects were used to grow [100]-oriented three-dimensional photonic crystals by means of the template-assisted colloidal self-assembly method, aided by capillary and gravitational forces. The defect propagation in the [100]-oriented photonic crystal was observed using scanning electron microscopy, both at the surface of the crystal and on cleaved facets. This method is useful in the understanding of defect propagation in the growth of colloidal films on templates - and the same approach may also prove useful for the understanding of atomic crystal growth on substrates with defects. Additionally, the deliberate incorporation of line defects may prove valuable as a way of introducing waveguide channels into three-dimensional photonic crystals.

关键词： photonic crystal colloidal crystal self-assembly

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On the mechanical behavior of the human biliary system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1384-1392页

作者： Xiaoyu Luo Wenguang Li nigel Bird Swee Boon Chin NA Hill Alan G johnson Department of Mathematics University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QW United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Enginwring University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom Academic Surgical Unit Royal Hallamshirc Hospital Sheffield S10 2JF United Kingdom

This paper reviews the progress made in understanding the mechanical behaviour of the biliary system. Gallstones and diseases of the biliary tract affect more than 10% of the adult population. The complications of gallstones, i.e. acute pancreatitis and obstructive jandice, can be lethal, and patients with acalculous gallbladder pain often pose diagnostic difficulties and undergo repeated ultrasound scans and oral cholecystograms. Moreover, surgery to remove the gallbladder in these patients, in an attempt to relieve the symptoms, gives variable results. Extensive research has been carried out to understand the physiological and pathological functions of the biliary system, but the mechanism of the pathogenesis of gallstones and pain production still remain poorly understood. It is believed that the mechanical factors play an essential role in the mechanisms of the gallstone formation and biliary diseases. However, despite the extensive literature in clinical studies, only limited work has been carried out to study the biliary system from the mechanical point of view. In this paper, we discuss the state of art knowledge of the fluid dynamics of bile flow in the biliary tract, the solid mechanics of the gallbladder and bile ducts, recent mathematical and numerical modelling of the system, and finally the future challenges in the area.

关键词：人体胆汁系统流体动力学胆管胆结石

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Challenge of Hydrodynamic Analysis for a Structure in Waves

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Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2014年第11期4卷 700-709页

作者： Frank Lin Norbert Bakkers Michael johnson Yongwon Lee Neil Southall Zhenhong Wang nigel White Lloyd's Register Group Ltd

Hydrodynamic analysis is one of the key steps in safety assessment of a structure in waves. Many options are available for answering challenge raised from marine and offshore energy industry, from costly three dimensional CFD to the efficient but not perfect boundary element models. Focus on the boundary element methods, analysis methods for the interaction of waves and structures are discussed. Those boundary element models cover frequency domain and time domain, linear and non-linear. Special attention is pay to the problems encountered in those models and approaches we adopted for their engineering solution.

关键词：流体力学分析波结构边界元方法水动力分析安全评估能源产业相互作用元模型

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