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Towards an L^p Potential Theory for Sub-Markovian Semigroups:Kernels and capacities

Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1227-1250页

作者： niels JACOB RenéL.SCHILLING Department of Mathematics University of Wales SwanseaSingleton ParkSwansea SA 2 8 PP.United Kinadom FB 12-Mathematik Philipps-Universitat MarburgD-35032 MarburgGermany

We study in fairly general measure spaces （X,μ） the （non-linear） potential theory of L^p sub-Markovian semigroups which are given by kernels having a density with respect to the underlying measure. In terms of mapping properties of the operators we provide sufficient conditions for the existence （and regularity） of such densities. We give various （dual） representations for several associated capacities and, in the corresponding abstract Bessel potential spaces, we study the role of the truncation property. Examples are discussed in the case of R^n where abstract Bessel potential spaces can be identified with concrete function spaces.

关键词： nonlinear potential theory (r,p)-capacity Bessel potential space gamma.transform sub-Markovian semigroup

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Immune regulatory properties of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2011年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： ênio José Bassi carlos Alberto Mayora Aita niels olsen saraiva camara Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology Department of Immunology Universidade of So Paulo Centro de Ciências Biológi-cas e da saúde Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be isolated and efficiently expanded from almost every single body tissue and have the ability of self-renewal and differentiation into various mesodermal cell lineages. Moreover, these cells are considered immunologically privileged, related to a lack of surface expression of costimulatory molecules required for complete T cell activation. Recently, it has been observed that MSC are capable of suppressing the immune response by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells and suppressing the function of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as a new strategy for immunosuppression. The understanding of immune regulation mechanisms by MSC is necessary for their use as immunotherapy in clinical applications for several diseases.

关键词： Immunosuppression Mesenchymal stem cell Immune system Inflammation Autoimmune disease

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A geometric interpretation of the transition density of a symmetric Lévy process

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第6期55卷 1099-1126页

作者： JACOB niels KNOPOva Victorya LANDWEHR sandra SCHILLING RenéL. Department of Mathematics Swansea UniversitySingleton ParkSwansea SA28PPUK V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics NAS of Ukraine 03187KievUkraine Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfLeibniz Center for Diabetes ResearchInstitute of Biometrics and EpidemiologyAuf'm Hennekamp 6540225 DüsseldorfGermany Institut für Mathematische Stochastik Technische Universität Dresden01062 DresdenGermany

We study for a class of symmetric Levy processes with state space R^n the transition density pt（x） in terms of two one-parameter families of metrics, （dt）t〉o and （δt）t〉o. The first family of metrics describes the diagonal term pt （0）; it is induced by the characteristic exponent ψ of the Levy process by dr（x, y） = √tψ（x - y）. The second and new family of metrics 6t relates to √tψ through the formula exp（-δ^2t（x,y））=F[e^-tψ/pt（0）]（x-y）,where Y denotes the Fourier transform. Thus we obtain the following ＂Gaussian＂ representation of the tran- sition density： pt（x） = pt（O）e^-δ^2t（x,0） where pt（O） corresponds to a volume term related to √tψ and where an ＂exponential＂ decay is governed by 5t2. This gives a complete and new geometric, intrinsic interpretation of pt（x）.

关键词： transition function estimates Levy processes metric measure spaces heat kernel bounds in-finitely divisible distributions self-reciprocal distributions

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From oral formulations to drug-eluting implants:using 3D and 4D printing to develop drug delivery systems and personalized medicine

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第1期5卷 85-106页

作者： niels G.A.Willemen Margaretha A.J.Morsink Devin Veerman Classius F.da Silva Juliana C.cardoso Eliana B.Souto Patrícia Severino Center for Biomedical Engineering Department of MedicineBrigham and Women&HospitalHarvard Medical School65 Landsdowne StreetMA 02139 CambridgeUSA Department of Developmental BioEngineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyTechnical Medical CentreUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Translational Liver Research Department of Medical Cell BioPhysicsTechnical Medical CentreFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Targeted Therapeutics Department of Biomaterials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of EnvironmentalChemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesFederal University of São PauloRua São Nicolau210Diadema 09913‑030Brazil University of Tiradentes(Unit) and Institute of Technology and Research(ITP)Av.Murilo Dantas300Aracaju 49010‑390Brazil Faculty of Pharmacy University of CoimbraPólo das Ciências da SaúdeAzinhaga de Santa Comba3000‑548 CoimbraPortugal CEB‑Centre of Biological Engineering University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar4710‑057 BragaPortugal Tiradentes Institute 150 Mt Vernon StDorchesterMA 02125USA

Since the start of the Precision Medicine Initiative by the United States of America in 2015,interest in personalized medicine has grown *** short,personalized medicine is a term that describes medical treatment that is tuned to the *** possible way to realize personalized medicine is 3D *** using materials that can be tuned upon stimulation,4D printing is *** recent years,many studies have been exploring a new field that combines 3D and 4D printing with *** has resulted in many concepts of pharmaceutical devices and formulations that can be printed and,possibly,tailored to an ***,the first 3D printed drug,Spritam®,has already found its way to the *** review gives an overview of various 3D and 4D printing techniques and their applications in the pharmaceutical field as drug delivery systems and personalized medicine.

关键词： Drug delivery systems 3D/4D printing Drug-eluting implants Microneedles Oral formulations

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Precision micro-mechanical components in single crystal diamond by deep reactive ion etching

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 278-285页

作者： Adrien Toros Marcell Kiss Teodoro Graziosi Hamed sattari Pascal Gallo niels Quack EPFL STI IMT GR-QUACK Station 11CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland LakeDiamond sa Rue Galilée 7CH-1400 Yverdon-les-BainsSwitzerland

The outstanding material properties of single crystal diamond have been at the origin of the long-standing interest in its exploitation for engineering of high-performance micro-and *** particular,the extreme mechanical hardness,the highest elastic modulus of any bulk material,low density,and the promise for low friction have spurred interest most notably for micro-mechanical and MEMS *** reactive ion etching of diamond has been reported previously,precision structuring of freestanding micro-mechanical components in single crystal diamond by deep reactive ion etching has hitherto remained elusive,related to limitations in the etch processes,such as the need of thick hard masks,micromasking effects,and limited etch *** this work,we report on an optimized reactive ion etching process of single crystal diamond overcoming several of these shortcomings at the same time,and present a robust and reliable method to produce fully released micro-mechanical components in single crystal *** an optimized Al/SiO_(2) hard mask and a high-intensity oxygen plasma etch process,we obtain etch rates exceeding 30μm/h and hard mask selectivity better than 1:*** demonstrate fully freestanding micro-mechanical components for mechanical watches made of pure single crystal *** components with a thickness of 150μm are defined by lithography and deep reactive ion etching,and exhibit sidewall angles of 82°–93°with surface roughness better than 200 nm rms,demonstrating the potential of this powerful technique for precision microstructuring of single crystal diamond.

关键词： exceeding diamond shortcomings

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