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Investigation of hexavalent Chromium Reduction in Strong Saline and Acidic Nitro-Phosphate Solutions

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Linking monitoring and modelling for river basin management:Danish experience with combating nutrient loadings to the aquatic environment from point and non-point sources

Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation（分析科学方法和仪器期刊） 2024年第1期 1页

作者： Deniz Avsar niels højmark andersen Dag Øistein Eriksen Jon Petter Omtvedt

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3335-3347页

作者： KRONVANG Brian WINDOLF JФrgen GRANT Ruth andersen hans E ThODSEN hans OVESEN niels B LARSEN SФren E National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark

Nationwide monitoring of the aquatic environment was initiated in 1988 in Denmark as a means to follow the outcome of the Action Plans for nutrient pollution of the aquatic environment. Five Action Plans have been adopted by the Danish Parliament since 1985 and the nationwide monitoring programme can be used to quantify the outcome as shown by reductions in nutrient discharges from both point and non-point sources. Moreover, the empirical experience gathered from nearly 20 years of monitoring is assisting the development and calibration of models for simulation of nitrogen leaching, nitrogen removal in groundwater and surface waters and the establishment of a P-index all covering the entire land area of Denmark.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus monitoring data point sources non-point sources models Action Plans Danish experience

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and long-term cardiovascular risk in young people: A review and discussion of methodology in prospective studies

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2016年第2期5卷 145-150页

作者： Jakob Tarp Jan Christian Br?nd Lars Bo andersen niels Christian M?ller Karsten Froberg Anders Gr?ntved Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology Centre of Research in Childhood Health Department of Sport Science and Clinical BiomechanicsUniversity of Southern Denmark Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sport Sciences

The long-term effects of physical activity （PA） or sedentary behavior on cardiovascular health in young people are not well understood. In this study, we use a narrative format to review the evidence for a prospective association with adiposity and other well-established biological cardiovascular risk factors in healthy young people, considering only studies with at least 2 years of follow-up. PA appears to elicit a long-term beneficial effect on adiposity and particularly markers of cardiovascular health. With adiposity, however, a few studies also reported that higher levels of PA were associated with higher levels of adiposity. Time spent sedentary does not appear to be related to adiposity or markers of cardiovascular health independent of PA. We then discuss the uncertainties in the underlying causal chain and consider a number of alternative modeling strategies, which could improve our understanding of the relationship in future studies. Finally, we consider the current methodology for assessing PA and sedentary time.

关键词： Adiposity Adolescents Cardiovascular health Children Long-term Metabolic syndrome score

Impaired contractility and remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetes mellitus type-1

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第36期13卷 4881-4890页

作者： Jens BrΦndum FrΦkjΦr SΦren Due andersen niels EjskjΦr Peter Funch-Jensen AsbjΦrn Mohr Drewes hans Gregersen Center for Visceral Biomechanics and Pain Aalborg Hospital Aalborg Denmark Department of Radiology Aalborg Hospital Aalborg Denmark Department of Endocrinology M Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Department of Surgical Gastroenterology L Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark National Center for Ultrasound in Gastro-enterology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

AIM: To investigate that both the neuronal function of the contractile system and structural apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract are affected in patients with longstanding diabetes and auto mic neuropathy. METhODS: The evoked esophageal and duodenal contractile activity to standardized bag distension was assessed using a specialized ultrasound-based probe. Twelve type-1 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy and severe gastrointestinal symptoms and 12 healthy controls were studied. The geometry and biomechanical parameters (strain, tension/stress, and stiffness) were assessed. RESULTS: The diabetic patients had increased frequency of distension-induced contractions (6.0 ± 0.6 vs 3.3 ± 0.5, P his increased reactivity was correlated with the duration of the disease (P = 0.009). Impaired coordination of the contractile activity in diabetic patients was demonstrated as imbalance between the time required to evoke the first contraction at the distension site and proximal to it (1.5 ± 0.6 vs 0.5 ± 0.1, P = 0.03). The esophageal wall and especially the mucosa-submucosa layer had increased thickness in the patients (P he longitudinal and radial compressive stretch was less in diabetics (P he esophageal and duodenal wall stiffness and circumferential deformation induced by the distensions were not affected in the patients (all P > 0.14). CONCLUSION: The impaired contractile activity with an imbalance in the distension-induced contractions likely reflects neuronal abnormalities due to autonomic neuropathy. however, structural changes and remodeling of the gastrointestinal tract are also evident and may add to the neuronal changes. This may contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetic gut dysfunction and impact on future management of diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

关键词： Diabetes Autonomic Neuropathy Bio- mechanics Contractility Ultrasound Esophagus Duodenum Deformation Stress

The Relationship between Road Characteristics and Speed Collected from Floating Car Data

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2016年第6期4卷 291-298页

作者： Camilla Sloth andersen Kristian hegner Reinau niels Agerholm Department of Civil Engineering Aalborg University Sofiendalsvej 11 9200 Aalborg Denmark

Speed is of great importance to the safety level of a road. Speed choice is strongly influenced by the road environment and the drivers＇ assessment of safe speed level at a specific location. This paper presents an analysis of the relationships between speed and road characteristics and speed and driver characteristics. The analysis is based on big data on speed and driver characteristics combined with data on road characteristics on 49 secondary rural two-lane roads in Denmark. Data is modelled using multivariate linear regression. The results show a primarily influence from road and shoulder width, the extent of road markings and the section lengths on speed. Secondly, they also show the presence of woodland and intersections influencing speed as gender, age of vehicle and time of day do.

关键词： Speed floating car data FCD road characteristics.

Pemetrexed and Gemcitabine for Chemotherapy Refractory Colorectal Cancer—Results of a Phase II and Translational Research Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第6期4卷 44-50页

作者： Karen-Lise Garm Spindler niels Pallisgaard Rikke Fredslund andersen John Ploen Anders Jakobsen Department of Biochemistry Vejle Hospital Vejle Denmark Department of Oncology Vejle Hospital Vejle Denmark

Introduction: We investigated the safety and efficacy of pemetrexed with gemcitabine in heavily pre-treated, chemotherapy refractory, KRAS mutated colorectal cancer (mCRC) and the prognostic value of quantitative levels of cell free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma. Methods: Inclusion criteria comprised;histopathologically verified, KRAS mutant, chemotherapy resistant mCRC, adequate organ function and performance status. Patients received pemetrexed (initially 500 mg/m2 q3w) + gemcitabine (1250 mg/m2 days 1 and 8) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. RECIST version 1.1, NCI-CTCAE version 4.0 and Kaplan-Meier statistics were used for endpoint evaluation. Cell free DNA was quantified from pre-treatment EDTA plasma-samples by an in-house qPCR. Results: Forty patients were included. The median number of cycles was 3 (range 0 - 12). Thirty-six percent obtained disease stabilisation, but?no objective response was observed. Median PFS and OS were 2.8 (range 2.1 - 4.0) and 5.4 (range 4.3 - 7.0) months, respectively. Adverse events caused immediate discontinuation of treatment or delay of the next cycle and consequently discontinuation in 5 patients. Translational research revealed a shorter PFS and OS with increasing levels of cfDNA. The median PFS in patients with cfDNA levels above the 75 percentile was 2 months compared to 4 months in the remaining patients, hR 3.23 (1.05 - 9.89), p = 0.0008. The median OS was 3 and 6 months, respectively, hR 2.9 (95%CI 0.98 - 8.34). Cox regression analysis confirmed that cfDNA remained a significantly independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. Conclusion: Pemetrexed and gemcitabine did not prove sufficient benefit and unacceptable toxicity was observed. The potential value of cfDNA should be investigated further.

关键词： Metastatic Colorectal Cancer KRAS cfDNA Plasma Pemetrexed Gemcitabine

The Prognostic Value of Cell-Free DNA in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第8期4卷 1-7页

作者： Anneli Dowler Nygaard Karen-Lise Garm Spindler niels Pallisgaard Rikke Fredslund andersen Anders Jakobsen Department of Biochemistry Vejle Hospital Vejle Denmark Department of Oncology Vejle Hospital Vejle Denmark

Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) holds promise as a tumor marker of clinical importance. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of baseline cfDNA in non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Methods: During a three-year period, patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated advanced NSCLC were included in a consecutive, prospective marker-trial. Plasma was isolated from a pre-treatment peripheral blood sample and the level of total cfDNA was measured by an in-house assay qPCR-method. The treatment comprised carboplatin (AUC 5) intravenously day 1), and vinorelbine (30 mg/m2 intravenously day 1 and 60 mg/m2 perorally day 8) q3w for a maximum of six cycles. The primary end-point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end-points were progression free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR). Results: 245 patients were included and received a minimum of 1 cycle of chemotherapy (median 4). The median OS was 8.9 months, the median PFS by intention to treat 5.4 months and the ORR was 25%. The patients were divided into four groups based on quartiles of cfDNA and subsequently dichotomized by the 75th percentile revealing a significantly worse prognosis for patients in the upper 75th percentile (median OS 4.9 months) compared to patients with lower levels (10.0 months) (hR 2.1, 95%CI 1.4 - 3.1, p 0.0001). A multivariate analysis confirmed the independent prognostic value of cfDNA. A subgroup analysis of patients with high cfDNA and poor performance status (PS = 2) identified a group of patients with even worse prognosis (median OS 2.0 versus 9.1 months, hR 3.6, 95%CI 1.4 - 9.2, p 0.0001). Similar and significant results were found when comparing level of cfDNA and PFS. Conclusions: high pre-treatment level of cfDNA seems to have a strong prognostic impact in patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC. Combined with PS it identifies a patient group with minimal or no benefit of chemotherapy.

关键词： Cell-Free DNA Prognostic NSCLC Circulating DNA

hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy and Neuropathy in a Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rat Model

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第12期14卷 391-401页

作者： Jesper G. Madsen Martin N. Skov Kasper hansen Christoffer Laustsen niels Ejskjær henning andersen Michael Pedersen Department of Clinical Medicine Comparative Medicine Lab Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Zoophysiology Department of Biology Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark Department of Forensic Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus N Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine The MR Research Centre Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark

Aim: Diabetes Mellitus is a global public health challenge with major and potentially devastating complications, and concomitant complications include retinopathy and neuropathy due to hypoxia and microvascular dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a method to transiently improve tissue oxygenation on diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy in a streptozotocin induced type-1 diabetic rat model (Wistar). Methods: Streptozotocin induced type-1 diabetic rats received 10 sessions of 2-h hyperbaric oxygen exposures (pO2 = 309 kPa) over 2 weeks. Animals were exposed to light stimuli to produce light evoked potentials to estimate the effect of oxygen treatment on diabetic retinopathy. Sciatic nerves were exposed and stimulated to produce muscle evoked potential, which were recorded in the muscles of the foot and subsequently used to evaluate the effect of oxygen treatment on diabetic neuropathy. Results: We found significantly shorter light evoked potential latency and increased amplitude in hyperbaric oxygen treated animals. No change was found in nerve conduction. Conclusions: This study showed that hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a potentially effective treatment for diabetic retinopathy, improving both latency and amplitude of light evoked potentials.

关键词： Diabetic Neuropathy Diabetic Retinopathy hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

The Association between Mutations Detected in Tissue and Plasma from Patients with Colorectal Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第14期5卷 1399-1401页

作者： Caroline Brenner Larsen Jan Lindebjerg Rikke Fredslund andersen niels Pallisgaard Susanne holck Anders Jakobsen hans Jorgen nielsen Department of Oncology Vejle HospitalVejleDenmark Department of Pathology Vejle HospitalVejleDenmark Department of Biochemistry Vejle HospitalVejleDenmark Department of Pathology Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark

Most colorectal cancers evolve through an adenoma-carcinoma sequence with mutations in the KRAS/BRAF pathway as an early event. Mutation analyses are usually performed on tissue samples, but during the last couple of years the same analysis in blood has been facilitated. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between BRAF/KRAS mutations in tissue and plasma from colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Out of 22 patients with adenomas 10 had a mutation in the tissue, but no mutations were detected in the plasma. In 10 of 26 adenocarcinomas a mutation was found in the tumor and in four of these, the mutation was also detected in the plasma. Our results confirm previous findings that mutated DNA in plasma can be detected in approximately 50%?of non-metastasized adenocarcinomas. The difference between adenomas and adenocarcinomas suggests that appearance of mutated DNA in plasma associates with invasion.

关键词： KRAS BRAF Adenomas Adenocarcinomas Carcinogenic Development