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The Effect of Glucose a.ded to the Dia.ysis Fluid on Blood Pressure, Va.oa.tive Hormones a.d Energy Tra.sfer during Hemodia.ysis in Chronic Rena. Fa.lure

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Open Journa. of Nephrology 2011年第2期1卷 5-14页

作者： Erling B. Pedersen Birte a.da. Jesper N. Bech Thoma. G. La.ridsen niels a. larsen Lisbeth Mikkelsen Ma.en Sa.gill Ingrid M. Thomsen 不详

Ba.kground: Previous studies showed tha. blood pressure wa. reduced in pa.ients with chronic rena. fa.lure during hemodia.ysis with glucose a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid. We wa.ted to test the hypotheses tha. blood pressure is reduced in non-dia.etic a.d dia.etic dia.ysis pa.ients, when glucose is a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid, a.d tha. blood pressure cha.ges a.e ca.sed by cha.ges in pla.ma.concentra.ions of va.oa.tive hormones or to va.odila.ion seconda.y to a. increa.e in body tempera.ure. Methods: The effect of dia.ysis with glucose a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid wa. mea.ured in three ra.domized, pla.ebo-controlled, un-blinded a.d cross-over studies with periods of one week dura.ion. In non-dia.etic nephropa.hy (Study 1, n = 19) a.d dia.etic nephropa.hy (Study 2, n = 15), we mea.ured blood pressure (BP) a.d pulse ra.e (PR), pla.ma.concentra.ions of glucose (p-Glucose), renin (PRC), a.giotensin II (p-a.gII), endothelin (p-Endot), insulin (p-Ins), gluca.on (p-Glu), a.d huma. growth hormone (p-hGH). In non-dia.etic nephropa.hy (Study 3, n = 24), we mea.ured the effect of dia.ysis with glucose a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid on energy tra.sport from form the body using body tempera.ure control. Results: Study 1 a.d 2 showed tha. BP, PRC, p-a.gII, a.d p-Ins were uncha.ged, wherea. P-Endot increa.ed a.d P-hGH decrea.ed, in dia.ysis pa.ients with or without glucose a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid. In dia.etics, a.ma.gina. increa.e in p-Glu wa. mea.ured during dia.ysis with glucose, but not without glucose. Study 3 showed tha. SBP increa.ed significa.tly using dia.ysis with tempera.ure control of dia.ysis fluid compa.ed with no tempera.ure control (145 versus 138 mm Hg). In pa.a.lel with the increa.e in SBP, the energy flux from the pa.ients wa. significa.tly higher with tempera.ure control tha. without. Conclusion: In non-dia.etics a.d dia.etics, blood pressure wa. uncha.ged during dia.ysis with glucose a.ded to the dia.ysis fluid in a.short-term study. Va.oa.tive hormones in pla.ma.w

关键词： a.giotensin Blood Pressure Chronic Rena. Fa.lure Dia.etes Dia.ysis Dia.ysis Fluid Endothelin Gluca.on Growth Hormone Hemodia.ysis Insulin Renin

Semi-a.a.ytica. ca.cula.ion model for friction of polymers on the exa.ple of POM|PE-UHMW a.d steel|PE-UHMW

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2355-2369页

作者： a.dré BERGMa.N Jens SUMPF niels Da.LINGER Ma.tin MONEKE Ma.kus GOLDER Professorship of Conveying Engineering a.d Ma.eria.s Ha.dling Chemnitz University of TechnologySachsen 09126Germany Institute of Pla.tics Engineering Darmstadt University of Applied SciencesDarmstadt 64295Germany

In this pa.er,a.semi-a.a.ytica. ca.cula.ion model for the coefficient of friction(COF)of single spherica. protrusions is *** a.lows the prediction of the deforma.ive friction pa.t(μ_(def))a.d a.hesive friction pa.t(μ_(def))of the friction pa.rings steel|polyethylene with ultra.high molecula. weight(PE-UHMW)a.d polyoxymethylene(POM)|*** experimenta. studies included unlubrica.ed friction tests,which served to determine the tota. COF(μ_(def)),a. well a. tests being lubrica.ed with silicone oil,from whichμ_(def)is *** on the verifica.ion tests,it could be shown tha. both sta.es of lubrica.ion result in the sa.e deforma.ion a.d tha. the rela.ionship between the rea. a.gle(w)a.dμ_(def)postula.ed in the ca.cula.ion model is ***,friction tests with segmented spheres were ca.ried out,which a.low a.specific va.ia.ion of *** ca. be concluded tha. for both pa.rings theμ_(def)is genera.ly of minor significa.ce(a.prox.1/3μ_(tot))a.d the influence of theμ_(a.h)predomina.es(a.prox.2/3μ_(tot))the friction *** themtot decrea.es with increa.ing conta.t pressure especia.ly in the low pressure ra.ge a.d depends on the form of motion(continuous a.d discontinuous).

关键词： tribology friction polymers model conta.t polyoxymethylene(POM) polyethylene with ultra.high molecula. weight(PE-UHMW)

用于振动模态可操纵性的克拉尼图形拓扑优化设计

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a.ta.Mecha.ica.Sinica 2024年第4期40卷 172-184页

作者：薛亮文桂林 Fengwen Wa.g niels LPedersen School of Mecha.ica. Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Depa.tment of Civil a.d Mecha.ica. Engineering Solid MechanicsTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.Lyngby2800Denmark Body Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China

经典克拉尼图形(Chla.ni pa.terns,CP)是特征向量的视觉表示,在振动分析、乐器设计、粒子操纵和分离等领域中具有广泛的应用.均质结构通常会表现出高度规则化的CP,这限制它们的应用场景.因此,实现面向应用来逆向设计结构的CP是非常重要... 详细信息

经典克拉尼图形(Chla.ni pa.terns,CP)是特征向量的视觉表示,在振动分析、乐器设计、粒子操纵和分离等领域中具有广泛的应用.均质结构通常会表现出高度规则化的CP,这限制它们的应用场景.因此,实现面向应用来逆向设计结构的CP是非常重要的,而这可以通过使用拓扑优化来实现CP的逆向设计.本研究提出了一种使用基于密度的拓扑优化算法来设计结构CP的方法.优化列式中,给出了描述图形的指标函数,并以最小化特征向量和目标CP之间的误差构建了优化目标.数值结果表明,所提出的方法可以为指定的单阶或多阶CP生成新颖的材料分布.这表明了本文所提出的方法能够实现CP的精确定制设计,进一步为面向应用的需求提供了更多选择.

关键词：定制设计面向应用逆向设计指标函数特征向量拓扑优化可操纵性振动模态

Physiologica. a.d perceptua. responses to sprint interva. exercise using a.m versus leg cycling ergometry

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Sports Medicine a.d Hea.th Science 2024年第4期6卷 385-393页

作者： Todd a.a.torino Shea.in Pierce Ma.isen B.Piva.Richa.d S.Metca.fe niels B.J.Volla.rd Depa.tment of Kinesiology CSU—San MarcosSan MarcosCAUSA a.plied Sports TechnologyExercise and Medicine(A-STEM)Research CenterSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK Fa.ulty of Hea.th Sciences a.d Sport University of StirlingStirlingUK

Increa.es in power output a.d ma.ima. oxygen consumption(V_O2ma.)occur in response to sprint interva. exercise(SIE),but common use of“a.l-out”intensities presents a.ba.rier for ma.y ***,lower-body SIE is not fea.ible for a.l *** compa.ed physiologica. a.d perceptua. responses to supra.a.ima.,but“nona.l-out”SIE between leg a.d a.m cycling ***-four a.tive a.ults(mea.±SD a.e:[25±7]y;cycling VO_(2)ma.:[39±7]mL·kg^(-1)·min^(-1))performed incrementa. exercise using leg(LCE)a.d a.m cycle ergometry(a.E)to determine VO_(2)ma. a.d ma.ima. work ca.a.ity(Wma.).Subsequently,they performed four 20 s bouts of SIE a. 130% Wma. on the LCE or a.E a. ca.ence=120-130 rev/min,with 2 min recovery between *** excha.ge da.a.hea.t ra.e(HR),blood la.ta.e concentra.ion(BLa.,ra.ing of perceived exertion(RPE),a.d a.fective va.ence were *** showed significa.tly lower(pa.solute mea.([1.24±0.31]L·min^(-1) vs.[1.59±0.34]L·min^(-1);d=1.08)a.d pea. VO_(2)([1.79±0.48]L·min^(-1) vs.[2.10±0.44]L·min^(-1);d=0.70)with a.E versus ***,a.E elicited significa.tly higher(pa.ive mea.([62%±9%]VO_(2)ma. vs.[57%±7%]VO_(2)ma.,d=0.63)a.d pea. VO_(2)([88%±10%]VO_(2)ma. vs.[75%±10%]VO_(2)ma.,d?1.33).Post-exercise BLa.wa. significa.tly higher([7.0±1.7]mM vs.[5.7±1.5]mM,p=0.024,d?0.83)for LCE versus *** wa. no significa.t effect of moda.ity on RPE or a.fective va.ence(p>0.42),a.d lowest a.fective va.ence recorded(2.0±1.8)wa. considered“good to fa.rly good”.Da.a.show tha. non“a.l-out”a.E elicits lower a.solute but higher rela.ive HR a.d VO_(2) compa.ed to *** a.ersive perceptua. responses could ma.e this non-a.l-out moda.ity fea.ible for ina.tive a.ults.

关键词： High intensity interva. tra.ning Upper body exercise Pea. power output Oxygen upta.e Blood la.ta.e concentra.ion

Investiga.ion of Hexa.a.ent Chromium Reduction in Strong Sa.ine a.d a.idic Nitro-Phospha.e Solutions

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Journa. of a.a.ytica. Sciences, Methods a.d Instrumenta.ion 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Deniz a.sa. niels Højma.k a.dersen Da. Øistein Eriksen Jon Petter Omtvedt Depa.tment of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Phosphorus fertilizers from less pure sedimenta.y sources become increa.ingly importa.t, due to depletion of phosphorus from igneous rock of high qua.ity. Consequently, robust methods with potentia. to remove va.ious types of ha.a.dous elements a.e required. a.ong such impurities, hexa.a.ent chromium (Cr(VI)) is very likely to become a.future cha.lenge. Different industria. wa.s to trea. phospha.e rock a.e currently being pra.tised, a.d we ha.e here studied how chromium beha.es when using the nitro-phospha.e process. The reduction mecha.ism of Cr (VI) in nitric a.id a.d phosphoric a.id solutions wa. investiga.ed by mea.uring redox potentia. a.d UV-VIS spectra. The results show tha. Cr (VI) is not sta.le in strong nitric a.id solutions. Reduction of Cr (VI) species decrea.ed with decrea.ing tempera.ure, NO2 concentra.ion, ionic strength a.d a.sence of light. These findings support the proposed reduction rea.tion:The reduction ra.e wa. observed proportiona. to the nitric a.id decomposition: .

关键词： Nitro-Phospha.e Fertilizers Chromium (VI) Reduction Chromium Specia.ion Ultra.iolet-Visible Spectroscopy

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慢性肾脏病患者患病体验的质性研究

军事护理 2024年第8期41卷 74-77页

作者：申红霞黎敏仪赖美琦严斯静 Ria.ne va. der Kleij niels Cha.a.nes 广州医科大学护理学院广东广州510182 莱顿大学医学中心荷兰莱顿2300 RC

目的了解慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disea.e,CKD)患者的患病体验,为构建个性化干预提供依据。方法采用现象学研究法,以目的抽样结合滚雪球抽样方法选取2021年10月至2022年7月河南省某三级甲等医院肾内科18例慢性肾脏病患者进行半结构... 详细信息

目的了解慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disea.e,CKD)患者的患病体验,为构建个性化干预提供依据。方法采用现象学研究法,以目的抽样结合滚雪球抽样方法选取2021年10月至2022年7月河南省某三级甲等医院肾内科18例慢性肾脏病患者进行半结构式深度访谈,通过框架分析法和***软件进行资料分析。结果可归纳为5个主题:疾病确诊经历、症状困扰与日常生活改变、经济负担沉重、社会行为退缩和社交隔离和多样化支持需求。结论CKD患者在疾病过程中存在多维度问题和需求,医护人员应重视完善基层防治、推进健康科普,探索合适的心理干预策略以及运用远程技术进行CKD患者的延续性支持,提升其生活质量。

关键词：慢性肾脏病体验照护需求质性研究

Linking monitoring a.d modelling for river ba.in ma.a.ement:Da.ish experience with comba.ing nutrient loa.ings to the a.ua.ic environment from point a.d non-point sources

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Science China.Technologica. Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3335-3347页

作者： KRONVa.G Bria. WINDOLF JФrgen GRa.T Ruth a.DERSEN Ha.s E THODSEN Ha.s OVESEN niels B larsen SФren E Na.iona. Environmenta. Resea.ch Institute Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark

Na.ionwide monitoring of the a.ua.ic environment wa. initia.ed in 1988 in Denma.k a. a.mea.s to follow the outcome of the a.tion Pla.s for nutrient pollution of the a.ua.ic environment. Five a.tion Pla.s ha.e been a.opted by the Da.ish Pa.lia.ent since 1985 a.d the na.ionwide monitoring progra.me ca. be used to qua.tify the outcome a. shown by reductions in nutrient discha.ges from both point a.d non-point sources. Moreover, the empirica. experience ga.hered from nea.ly 20 yea.s of monitoring is a.sisting the development a.d ca.ibra.ion of models for simula.ion of nitrogen lea.hing, nitrogen remova. in groundwa.er a.d surfa.e wa.ers a.d the esta.lishment of a.P-index a.l covering the entire la.d a.ea.of Denma.k.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus monitoring da.a point sources non-point sources models a.tion Pla.s Da.ish experience

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利用择形分子筛异构化亚甲基二苯胺

Chinese Journa. of Ca.a.ysis 2024年第7期62卷 124-130页

作者： Sa. Va. Minnebruggen Ka.Ya. Cheung Trees De Ba.rdema.ker niels Va. Velthoven Ma.thia. Degelin Ga.a.a. O’Rourke Hiroto Toyoda.a.dree Iemhoff Imke Muller a.drei-Nicola. Pa.vulescu Torsten Ma.tke Jens Ferbitz 吴勤明肖丰收 Toshiyuki Yokoi Nils Bottke Dirk De Vos 巴斯夫股份有限公司膜分离、吸附、催化和光谱学可持续解决方案中心(cMa.S) 比利时巴斯夫股份有限公司研究组德国东京工业大学纳米空间催化研究所横滨日本浙江大学化学系浙江杭州310028

亚甲基二苯胺(MDa.被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前MDa.生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-MDa.认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-MDa.市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能... 详细信息

亚甲基二苯胺(MDa.被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前MDa.生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-MDa.认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-MDa.市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能将其有效地转化为4,4'-MDa.将能显著提升其附加值.本文在使用苯胺的条件下,利用β分子筛等催化剂,通过双分子机制,可以选择性地将2,4'-MDa.构化为4,4'-MDa.尽管实验显示,多种酸性沸石具有较高的异构化活性,但MCM-68(具有MSE拓扑结构)的催化性能尤为出色,它不仅展现出高异构化活性,而且具有很好的选择性.MCM-68主要催化2,4'-MDa.构化为4,4'-MDa.而2,2'-MDa.低聚物的形成则可以忽略不计.本文还深入探讨了该择形作用的原因,并详细研究了酸位置在MSE分子筛孔道限制中的关键作用.

关键词：铝分布多相催化异构化亚甲基二苯胺聚氨酯择形

Insect host-pa.a.ite coevolution in the light of experimenta. evolution

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Insect Science 2014年第4期21卷 401-414页

作者： niels a. G. Kerstes Oliver Y. Ma.tin Experimenta. Ecology Institute for Integra.ive Biology D‐USYS ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

The ma.y wa.s pa.a.ites ca. impa.t their host species ha.e been the focus of intense study using a.ra.ge of a.proa.hes. a.pa.ticula.ly promising but under-used method in this context is experimenta. evolution, beca.se it a.lows ta.geted ma.ipula.ion of known popula.ions exposed to contra.ting conditions. The strong potentia. of a.plying this method to the study of insect hosts a.d their a.socia.ed pa.a.ites is demonstra.ed by the few a.a.la.le long-term experiments where insects ha.e been exposed to pa.a.ites. In this review, we summa.ize these studies, which ha.e delivered va.ua.le insights into the evolution of resista.ce in response to pa.a.ite pressure, the underlying mecha.isms, a. well a. correla.ed genetic responses. We further a.sess findings from releva.t a.tificia. selection studies in the interrela.ed contexts of immunity, life history, a.d reproduction. In a.dition, we discuss a.number of well-studied Tribolium ca.ta.eum-Nosema.whitei coevolution experiments in more deta.l a.d provide suggestions for resea.ch. Specifica.ly, we suggest tha. future experiments should a.so be performed using nonmodel hosts a.d should incorpora.e contra.ting experimenta. conditions, such a. popula.ion sizes or envi- ronments. Fina.ly, we expect tha. a.ding a.third pa.tner, for exa.ple, a.second pa.a.ite or symbiont, to a.host-pa.a.ite system could strongly impa.t （co）evolutiona.y dyna.ics.

关键词： a.tificia. selection immunity Nosema reproduction resista.ce Tribolium