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Hydrodynamic cavitation as an efficient method for the formation of sub-100 nm O/W emulsions with high stability

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第10期24卷 1477-1480页

作者： Zhiliang Zhang Guangquan Wang yong nie Jianbing Ji Zhejiang Provincal Key Laboratory of Biofuel College of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of Technology

Hydrodynamic cavitation,a newly developed process intensification technique,has demonstrated immense potential for intensifying diverse physical and chemical *** this study,hydrodynamic cavitation was explored as an efficient method for the formation of sub-100 nm oil-in-water(O/W) emulsions with high stability.O/W emulsion with an average droplet size of 27 nm was successfully *** average droplet size of O/W emulsions decreased with the increase of the inlet pressure,number of cavitation passes and surfactant *** formed emulsion exhibited admirable physical stability during 8 ***,the hydrodynamic cavitation method can be generalized to fabricate large varieties of O/W emulsions,which showed great potential for large-scale formation of O/W emulsions with lower energy consumption.

关键词： Hydrodynamic cavitation Emulsification Emulsions Droplet size Size distribution

Predicting Potential Distribution of Tibetan Spruce (Picea smithiana) in Qomolangma (Mount Everest) National Nature Preserve Using Maximum Entropy Niche-based Model

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第4期21卷 417-426页

作者： ZHANG Jiping ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan nie yong Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Tibetan spruce (Picea smithiana) is an endemic species of the Himalayas,and it distributes only in a re-stricted area with very low *** address the lack of detailed distributional information,we used maximum en-tropy (Maxent) niche-based model to predict the species' potential distribution from limited occurrence-only *** location data of ***,relative bioclimatic variables,vegetation data,digital elevation model (DEM),and the derived data were analyzed in *** receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to assess the prediction *** Maxent jackknife test was performed to quantify the training gains from data layers and the response of *** distribution to four typical environmental variables was *** show that the model performs well at the regional *** is a potential for continued expansion of *** population numbers and distribution in *** potentially distributes in the lower reaches of Gyirong Zangbo and Poiqu rivers in Gyirong and Nyalam counties in Qomolangma (Mount Everest) National Nature Preserve (QNNP),*** species prefers warm temperate climate in mountain area and mainly distributes in needle-leaved evergreen closed to open forest and mixed forest along the river valley at relatively low altitudes of about 2000-3000 *** simulations suggest that distribution patterns of rare species with few species numbers can be well predicted by Max-ent.

关键词： Picea smithiana maximum entropy niche-based model potential distribution Qomolangma (Mount Ev-erest) National Nature Preserve (QNNP)

Multi-model assessment of glacio-hydrological changes in central Karakoram, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第8期18卷 1995-2011页

作者： Javed HASSAN CHEN Xiao-qing Rijan Bhakta KAYASTHA nie yong Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad45320Pakistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Himalayan Cryosphere Climate and Disaster Research Center(HiCCDRC)Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringSchool of ScienceKathmandu UniversityKavrepalanchowk45200Nepal

The multi-model assessment of glacio-hydrological regimes can enhance our understanding of glacier response to climate *** improved knowledge can uplift our computing abilities to estimate the contributing components of the river *** study examined and compared the hydrological responses in the glacier-dominated Shigar River basin(SRB)under various climatic scenarios using a semi-distributed Modified Positive Degree Day Model(MPDDM)and a distributed Glacio-hydrological Degree-day Model(GDM).Both glacio-hydrological models were calibrated and validated against the observed hydro-meteorological data from 1988–1992 and 1993–*** and precipitation data from Shigar and Skardu meteorological stations were used along with field estimated degree-day factor,temperature,and precipitation *** results from both models indicate that the snow and ice melt are vital contributors to sustain river flow in the ***,MPDDM estimated 68%of rain and baseflow contribution to annual river runoff despite low precipitation during the summer monsoon,while GDM estimated 14%rain and baseflow ***,MPDDM calculated 32%,and GDM generated 86%of the annual river runoff from snow and ice *** simulated river discharge with 0.86 and 0.78 NSE for calibration and validation,***,GDM simulated river discharge with improved accuracy of 0.87 for calibration and 0.84 NSE for the validation *** snow and ice melt is significant in sustaining river flow in the SRB,and substantial changes in melt characteristics of snow and ice are expected to have severe consequences on seasonal water *** on the sensitivity analysis,both models’outputs are highly sensitive to the variation in ***,compared to MPDDM,GDM simulated considerable variation in the river discharge in climate scenarios,RCP4.5 and 8.5,mainly due to the higher sensitivity of GDM model outputs to temperature *** i

关键词： Modified Positive Degree Day Model(MPDDM) Glacio-hydrological Degree-day Model(GDM) Glacio-hydrological Modelling Climatic Variation Snow and ice contributions

Electroacupuncture promotes the recovery of motor neuron function in the anterior horn of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第12期10卷 2033-2039页

作者： Jian-hui Yang Jian-guo Lv Hui Wang Hui-yong nie Rehabilitation Center First Affiliated Hospital of Health Science CenterXi’an Jiaotong University

Acupuncture has been shown to lessen the inflammatory reaction after acute spinal cord injury and reduce secondary ***,the mechanism of action remains *** this study,a rat model of spinal cord injury was established by compressing the T8-9 segments using a modified Nystrom ***-four hours after injury,Zusanli（ST36）,Xuanzhong（GB39）,Futu（ST32）and Sanyinjiao（SP6）were stimulated with *** with spinal cord injury alone were used as *** 2,4 and 6 weeks after injury,acetylcholinesterase（ACh E）activity at the site of injury,the number of medium and large neurons in the spinal cord anterior horn,glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor（GDNF）m RNA expression,and Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores were greater in the electroacupuncture group compared with the control *** results demonstrate that electroacupuncture increases ACh E activity,up-regulates GDNF m RNA expression,and promotes the recovery of motor neuron function in the anterior horn after spinal cord injury.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord injury electroacupuncture spine injury secondaryinjury acupoint motor neurons acetylcholinesterase glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor inclined board test Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale functional recovery neuralregeneration

Fractal　and　chaotic　phenomena　of　seismic　dissipated　energy　in　an　energy　system　of　engineering　struct

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 1998年第4期11卷 479-486页

作者： Cui, Yu-Hong nie, yong-an Yan, Zong-Da Wu, Guo-You Department of Mechanics Tianjin University Tianjin China Seismological Bureau of Tianjin Tianjin China

ＦｒａｃｔａｌａｎｄｃｈａｏｔｉｃｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｄｉｓｓｉｐａｔｅｄｅｎｅｒｇｙｉｎａｎｅｎｅｒｇｙｓｙｓｔｅｍｏｆｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓＹＵ－ＨＯＮＧＣＵＩ１）（崔玉红）Ｙ... 详细信息

ＦｒａｃｔａｌａｎｄｃｈａｏｔｉｃｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｄｉｓｓｉｐａｔｅｄｅｎｅｒｇｙｉｎａｎｅｎｅｒｇｙｓｙｓｔｅｍｏｆｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓＹＵ－ＨＯＮＧＣＵＩ１）（崔玉红）ＹＯＮＧ－ＡＮＮＩＥ２）（聂永安）Ｚ...

关键词： phenomena 崔玉 Fractal

Rational design of bimetallic atoms supported on C3N monolayer to break the linear relations for efficient electrochemical nitrogen reduction

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8656-8664页

作者： Riming Hu Yanan Yu yongcheng Li Yiran Wang Jiaxiang Shang yong nie Xuchuan Jiang Institute for Smart Materials&Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Shandong college of Tourism and Hospitality Jinan 250200China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of New Light Alloys Qinghai Provincial Engineering Research Center of High-Performance Light Metal Alloys and FormingQinghai UniversityXining 810016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Linear relations between the adsorption free energies of nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)intermediates limit the catalytic activity of single atom catalysts(SACs)to reach the optimal *** improvements in NRR activity require the balance of binding strength of reaction ***,we have investigated the C_(3)N-supported monometallic(M/C_(3)N)and bimetallic(M_(1)M_(2)/C_(3)N)atoms for the electrochemical NRR by using density functional theory(DFT)*** results show that this linear relation does exist for SACs because all the intermediates bind to the same site on M/C_(3)*** the synergistic effect of the two atoms in M_(1)M_(2)/C_(3)N can create a more flexible adsorption site for intermediates,which results in the decoupling of adsorption free energies of key ***,the fundamental limitation of scaling relations on limiting potentials is broken *** notably,the optimal limiting potential is increased from−0.63 V for M/C_(3)N to−0.20 V for M_(1)M_(2)/C_(3)*** addition,the presence of bimetallic atoms can also effectively inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)as well as improve the stability of the *** study proposes that the introduction of bimetallic atoms into C_(3)N is beneficial to break the linear relations and develop efficient NRR electrocatalysts.

关键词： nitrogen reduction reaction linear relations bimetallic atoms C_(3)N density functional theory

Impact of hydrothermal process on the nutrient ingredients of restaurant garbage

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第5期18卷 1012-1019页

作者： REN Lian-hai nie yong-feng LIU Jian-guo JIN Yi-ying Sun Lu Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100037 China Department of Environmental Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

In order to recover the nutrient resource from restaurant garbage, a complete trial with 2 factors on 5 levels of experiments was carried out. The temperature and heating time are the main factors influencing on hydrothermal process （HP） by which improves the degradability and digestibility of the restaurant garbage favorably to make animal feeds or fertilizer. The results showed the variation of protein, saccharide, and oil in the garbage. It showed that protein dissolved and liquefied during hydrothermal process, which made organic nitrogen in solid phase transfer to liquid phase. After heating at 180℃ for 60min, organic nitrogen in liquid phase began to transform into ammonia. It also showed that hydrothermal process could promote the dextrinization, dissolution of the starch and its hydrolysis to reducing sugar, due to that starch in the restaurant garbage decreases and reducing sugar increases. When the temperature reached 140℃, the reducing sugar started to decrease due to chemical reactions. The cellulose was stable at 100-180℃. The floatable oil increased markedly in the hydrothermal process. The suitable condition for de-oil was observed at 160℃ heating for 80 min. Furthermore, the extraction of grease from the solid phase accords with first-order reaction dynamic model.

关键词： restaurant garbage hydrothermal process protein saccharide lipid

Temporal and Spatial Conversion Analysis of Soil Erosion in the Three Gorges Region Based on RS and GIS Technique——A Case Study in Kaixian County

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2008年第3期13卷 369-376页

作者： nie yong FAN Jianrong YANG A＇qiang Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy ofSciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China

In this paper, Kaixian County, situated in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, was selected for the case study. Factors of soil erosion were obtained based on the technique of remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS）. Combining with field survey, soil erosion data in the years of 1988, 2000 and 2004 which covered the period from the beginning of the Three Gorges Reservoir Project to nowadays were investigated through the judgment model established on soil erosion intensity. With the function of spatial analysis in the geographic information system, the analysis and appraisal of dynamic soil erosion changes were carried out, and the spatial characteristics of the vicious change were highlighted, and the main causes of the vicious change of soil erosion were explored.

关键词： remote sensing(RS) geographic information system (GIS) soil erosion Kaixian County Three Gorges Reservoir Region

Comprehensive interpretation of the Sedongpu glacier-related mass flows in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第9期19卷 2469-2486页

作者： ZHANG Xiao-peng HU Kai-heng LIU Shuang nie yong HAN Yun-zhong Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094China

Glacier-related mass flows(GMFs)in the high-mountain cryosphere have become more frequent in the last decade,e.g.,the 2018 Sedongpu(SDP)GMFs in the *** forcing,thermal perturbation and heavy rainfall are common triggers of the *** the exact role of seimic forcing in the GMF formation is poorly known due to scarity of observational data of real *** the evolution processes of the GMFs and the detachment of the trunk glacier in SDP are reconstructed by using remote sensing techniques,including feature-tracking of multi-source optical satellite imagery and visual *** reconstruction demonstrates that the high frequency of GMF events in SDP after the Milin earthquake on 18 November 2017 was mainly attributed to the earthquake-induced glacial stress changes and *** post-earthquake velocity of the trunk glacier is about three times of that in December 2016 and December *** median glacier-surface velocity raised to 0.32 m d-1between November 2017 and June 2018,being 14%-77%higher than that of pre-earthquake,which is initiated by the seismic forcing and then aggravated by additional loading of ice/rock avalanches,infiltration of liquid water,progressively crevassed glacier,and local compressional *** surge motion of the trunk glacier resulted from high temperature and heavy precipitation between July and September *** infer that the trunk glacier is more sensitive to the thermal perturbation after the Milin earthquake,which is the predominant cause in sudden surge *** findings reveal comprehensive mechanisms of quakeinduced,low-angle,glacial detachment and multisource-driven GMF in the Himalayas.

关键词： Glacier-related mass flow(GMF) Milin earthquake Glacial speedup Glacier detachment Ice/rock avalanche