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The face of conservation responding to a dynamically changing world

Integrative Zoology 2015年第5期10卷 436-452页

作者： Ruscena WIEDERHOLT Anne M.TRAINOR nicole michel Patrick D.SHIREY Ronald R.SWAISGOOD Doug TALLAMY Susan C.COOK-PATTON School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonArizonaUSA School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA and The Nature ConservancyArlingtonVirginiaUSA School of Environment and Sustainability University of SaskatchewanSaskatchewanCanada R.A.Smith National OakmontPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Applied Animal Ecology San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation ResearchCaliforniaUSA Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA American Association for Advancement of Science WashingtonDCUSA

In its 40-year history,the science of conservation has faced unprecedented challenges in terms of environmental damage and rapid global change,and environmental problems are only increasing as greater demands are placed on limited natural *** science has been adapting to keep pace with these ***,we highlight contemporary and emerging trends and innovations in conservation science that we believe represent the most effective responses to biodiversity *** focus on specific areas where conservation science has had to adjust its approach to address emerging threats to biodiversity,including habitat destruction and degradation,climate change,declining populations and invasive *** also document changes in attitudes,norms and practices among conservation scientists.A key component to success is engaging and maintaining public support for conservation,which can be facilitated through the use of *** recent trends in conservation and management are innovative and will assist in optimizing conservation strategies,increasing our leverage with the general public and tackling our current environmental challenges.

关键词： global change management strategies paradigm shifts public engagement trends in conservation science

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Modeling of Fixed Bed Adsorption Column Parameters of Iron(II) Removal Using Ferrihydrite Coated Brick

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2023年第4期14卷 184-201页

作者： Oscar Allahdin Eric Foto nicole Poumayé Olga Biteman Joseph Mabingui michel Wartel UNESCO Chair “Water Management” Lavoisier Hydrosciences Laboratory University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic University of Lille 1 LASIR Laboratory (UMR CNRS 8516) Environmental Physicochemistry Research Group Lille France

Fixed-bed operating experimental column conditions were studied to evaluate the performance of brick from Bangui Region (in Central African Republic), coated with iron oxyhydroxide (ferrihydrite) for the removal of iron(II) from aqueous solution. The prediction of theoretical breakthrough profiles using Bohart and Adams sorption model was employed to achieve characteristic parameters such as depth of exchange zone, time required for exchange zone to move vertically, moving rate for the exchange zone and adsorption capacity useful for fixed-bed column reactor was investigated under varying operating conditions. The effects of bed depth and flow rate on iron(II) adsorption were studied. Our finding revealed that the Brick from Bangui Region (in Central African Republic), coated with ferrihydrite was a very efficient media for the removal of Fe(II) ions from water. The experimental data showed that the depth and the moving rate (10.3 ± 0.6 cm) and (0.208 ± 0.006 cm/min) respectively of the exchange zone (adsorption zone) were independent of variability of the height of the adsorbent bed column, however the variations of the flow rate affect the moving rate of the exchange zone. The bed depth service time (BDST) model was used and permitted us to predict the service times of columns operated at various flow rates and bed depths and these predicted values were compared with the experimental values.

关键词： Iron Oxyhydroxide-Coated Brick Iron(II)-Adsorption Column Study Break-through Curve BDST

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Covariates of Disability-Profile Transitions in Older People Living at Home

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第3期2卷 25-36页

作者： michel Raiche Rejean Hebert Marie-France Dubois N’Deye Rokhaya Gueye nicole Dubuc Research Centre on Aging Sherbrooke University Geriatrics InstituteSherbrookeCanada Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitede SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Faculty of Arts&Faculty of sciences Universitede Saint-BonifaceWinnipegCanada

The objective of this study was to explore the relationship of sociodemographic, clinical, and health-services use-related variables with transitions between disability-based profiles. In a longitudinal study of 1386 people aged 75 and over living in the community at baseline, disabilities were assessed annually for up to four years with the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (SMAF), which generates 14 Iso-SMAF profiles. These profiles are grouped into 4 disability states, which are predominant alterations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), mobility, mental functions as well as severe and mixed disabilities. Continuous-time, multi-state Markov modeling was used to identify the factors associated with transitions made by older people between these states and to institutionalization and death. Greater age and receiving help for ADL were associated with four transitions, while altered cognitive functions and hospitalization were associated with three, all involving more decline or less recovery. From mild IADL profiles, men have a higher risk of transitioning to intermediate predominantly mental profiles, while women are at higher risk of transitioning to intermediate predominantly mobility profiles. Unmet needs are associated with deterioration, from mild IADL to intermediate predominantly mobility profiles. These results help understanding the complex progression of disabilities in older people.

关键词： Aged Disability Profiles Transitions Covariates Multistate Model Case-Mix Classification Longitudinal

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Cooling paths of the NE China crust during the Mesozoic extensional tectonics:Example from the south-Liaodong peninsula metamorphic core complex

Cooling paths of the NE China crust during the Mesozoic exte...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）学术年会

作者： Patrick Monié michel Faure Urs Schrer nicole Le Breton Institut des Sciences de la Terred'Orleans UMR-CNRS 6113Campus GeosciencesUniversite d'OrleansF-45067 Orleans Cedex 2France Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis CNRS-UMR 6526Parc ValroseF-06108 NiceFrance

The south-Liaodong peninsula massif is the easternmost Mesozoic metamorphic core complex,recognized in Eastern *** provides a good example of the combination of ductile shearing,syn-kinematic plutonism and polyphase *** Jurassic granodioritic plutons,located at the footwall of the detachment normal fault,and dated here at ca 160 Ma,recorded two different phases of cooling.A slow cooling regime of about 3-10℃/my prevailing before 122 Ma,was followed by a significant increase in cooling rate of about 40-55℃/my after that *** contrast,a single fast cooling path was recorded by the Cretaceous monzogranite situated in the footwall of the detachment normal *** result indicates that the Jurassic and Cretaceous plutons recorded different exhumation processes:a Jurassic slow or negligible exhumation and a Cretaceous fast one assisted by normal *** two cooling stages correspond to distinct geodynamic processes during the Jurassic and *** tectonics seems not significant before Early *** second stage,dominated by an extensional regime which develops after ca 120 Ma,is tentatively correlated to the lithosphere removal of the North China Craton.

关键词： Metamorphic core complex Cooling paths Radiometric ages Crustal extension Lithospheric removal North China Craton

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Oeis Syndrome (Cloacal Exstrophy): About Two Cases Treated at the Mother and Child Teaching Hospital in Cotonou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期10卷 535-541页

作者： Antoine Séraphin Gbenou Beaudelaire Romulus Assan Joseph Akodjenou nicole Tchiakpe Enianloko Monsoïa Gildas Yasségoungbé michel Armand Fiogbe Pediatric Surgery Department University Hospital of Mother and Child Lagune Cotonou Benin Anaethesiology and Resuscitation Department University Hospital of Mother and Child Lagune Cotonou Benin Neonatal Department University Hospital of Mother and Child Lagune Cotonou Benin University Clinic of Pediatric Surgery CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin

Introduction: OEIS syndrome, the most severe form of exstrophy-epispadias complex, is characterized by the existence of an omphalocele, a bladder exstrophy, an anal imperforation and a spina bifida. Case Presentation: Two clinical cases admitted at the first day of life in neonatology department are reported;one was born by caesarean section, weighing 2500 g and the other one vaginally with a weight at 1890 g. The first child’s mother was a primigravid, primiparous and the second mother was multiparous. Prenatal ultrasound was performed in one case. The clinical examination found two exstrophied hemi-bladders with two productive ureteral meatus, separated by a double intestinal orifice, a manifestation of anal imperforation, omphalocele, spina bifida and lumbar vertebral malformations;which corresponds to a typical form of OEIS syndrome. One of the babies had an associated clubfoot. The karyotype could not be performed. Both were dead;the first in the early postoperative period, the second one at 16 days of life without surgery. Conclusion: OEIS syndrome is a rare condition and represents a therapeutic challenge in developing countries. Promoting prenatal diagnosis is essential.

关键词： OEIS Syndrome Cloacal Exstrophy Newborn Prenatal Diagnosis

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Determinants of the Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo): A Prospective Cohort Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第6期12卷 411-425页

作者： Mireille Avilaw Mpwate Eddy Mampuya Mbambu Gabriel Mabuaka Lema Christian Nzanza Matanda Dominique Mayuku Mupepe michel Kayomo Kaswa Murielle Luengiladio Aloni nicole Muzutie Anshambi Fabrice Mankangu Matuta Luc Losenga Lukasu Serge Katya Mpwate Pierre Zalagile Akilimali Innocent Murhula Kashongwe Zacharie Munogolo Kashongwe Jean Marie Ntumba Kayembe Richard Nzanza Matanda Department of Otorhinolaryngology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo National Tuberculosis Control Program in Democratic Republic of The Congo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Provincial Coordination for The Fight against Tuberculosis Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Unit “Centre d’Excellence Damien” Damien Foundation Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Department of Anatomy-Pathology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Kinshasa School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo Pneumology Unit Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of The Congo

Background: The onset of the hearing loss is a major challenge during the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Aminoglycoside-based regimens, to a lesser extent based on bedaquiline, induce ototoxic sensorineural hearing loss. Research on risk factors is essential to enable high-risk individuals to benefit from preventive measures in settings with limited resources. Objective: This study aimed to assess the determinants of the hearing loss in patients with MDR-TB. Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study included 337 patients with MDR-TB. It was performed in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo) between January 2020 and January 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic, and audiometric data were exported and analyzed using Stata 17 and MedCalc. The fixed-effect linear regression panel model was used to assess the degree of the hearing loss over time according to the following covariates: therapeutic regimen (aminoglycosides, bedaquiline, or alternate), stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), age at inclusion, body mass index, serum albumin level, HIV status, alcohol intake, hypertension, and hemoglobin level. The Hausman test was used to select between fixed- and random-effect estimators. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p Result: A total of 236 patients (70%) received an aminoglycoside-based regimen, 61 (18%) received a bedaquiline-based regimen, and 40 (12%) received aminoglycosides relayed by bedaquiline. The frequency of the hearing loss increased from 62% to 96.3% within six months for all therapeutic regimens. The Hearing loss worsened, with moderate (72.4%) and profound (16%) deafness being predominant. An Exposure to the treatment for more than one month (β coeff: 27.695, Se: 0.793, p β coeff: 6.102, Se: 1.779, p β coeff: 5.610, Se: 1.682, p = 0.001), and an eGFR β coeff: 6.730, Se: 2.70, p = 0.013) were the independent risk factors associated with the hearing loss in patients with MDR-TB

关键词： Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Determinants Hearing Loss DRC

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Implementing a Short Regimen for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Cohort Study 2014-2017

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2020年第3期8卷 111-126页

作者： Innocent Murhula Kashongwe Leopoldine Mbulula Fina Mawete nicole Anshambi Nadine Maingowa michel Kaswa Jean Marie Ntumba Kayembe Francois Bompeka Lepira Zacharie Munogolo Kashongwe Pulmonology Unit Internal Medicine Kinshasa University Hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Unit “Centre Excellence Damien” Damian Foundation Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo National Tuberculosis Program of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Provincial Coordination for Tuberculosis Control Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Setting: Kinshasa, capital of Democratic Republic of Congo, has the high rate of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) which is associated with poor treatment outcomes until 2013. A new approach was needed. Objectives: To implement a new strategy in order to improve treatment outcomes. Design: A retrospective cohort study reviewing all the patients diagnosed MDR Tuberculosis between 2014 and 2017. The study was conducted in the National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) framework comparing the short regimen and the WHO standard regimen. Results: From 1246 patients diagnosed RR/TB, 1073 were included in the analysis: 948 on shorter regimen, and 125 on WHO standard regimen. The strategy was based on patient-centered care. In the short regimen group, 62.7% were male, 61.4% were age 25 - 44 years, 52.6% had previous history of TB, 39.3% underweight, 12.5% HIV positive. The median time from diagnosis to treatment was 19 days (0 - 163). In the long regimen group, 75% were male, 37.6% were age 14 - 44 years, 61.6% underweight, 18.4% HIV positive. The median time from diagnosis to treatment was 19 days (0 - 114). Favorable outcomes represented 81.9% in the short regimen group versus 72% in the long regimen group. Death and loss to follow-up were more observed in long regimen group (27.2% versus 15.4%). Factors associated with unfavorable outcomes in the short regimen group included sex, age ≥ 45 years, previous TB history, HIV status, delay to begin treatment. For the long regimen, the factors age and delay emerged, underweight and HIV were borderline. Drug adverse events were reported respectively in 43.5% and 42.4% for short and long regimen;with gastrointestinal disturbances, vestibular troubles, ototoxicity, arthralgia and anemia as the most common in the 2 groups. Conclusion: The new approach improved favorable outcomes. Both short and long regimens reached a high level of favorable outcome compared to the previous study. The short regim

关键词： MDR-TB Short Regimen Patient Centered Card

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Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo): Prospective Cohort Study of Therapeutic Regimen with Aminoglycoside versus Bedaquiline

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第3期11卷 109-119页

作者： Mireille A. Mpwate Eddy M. Mbambu Christian N. Matanda Gabriel M. Lema michel K. Kaswa Murielle L. Aloni nicole M. Anshambi Fabrice M. Matuta Luc L. Lukasu Dominique M. Mupepe Serge K. Mpwate Pierre Z. Akilimali Zacharie M. Kashongwe Richard N. Matanda Department of Otorhinolaryngology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo National Tuberculosis Control Program in the Democratic Republic of Congo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Provincial Coordination for the Fight against Tuberculosis Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Unit “Centre d’Excellence Damien” Damien Foundation Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Anatomy-Pathology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Kinshasa School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Pneumology Unit Department of Internal Medicine University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa 11 University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health problem in developing countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which continues to face the emergence of MDR-TB cases. Because of the ototoxic effects of AGs, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the introduction of the bedaquiline regimen. However, very few data are available regarding the susceptibility of bedaquiline to induce hearing loss, hence the present study set out to compare the AG-based regimen and the bedaquiline-based regimen in the occurrence of hearing loss in MDR-TB patients. Methods: This is a prospective multicenter cohort study that included 335 MDR-TB patients, performed in Kinshasa (DRC) during the period from January 2020 to January 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, biological and audiometric data were analyzed using Stata 17. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare changes in the degree of hearing loss over time between the two groups of patients on AG and bedaquiline regimens. The double-difference method was estimated using regression with fixed-effects. A p value < 0.05 was considered the threshold for statistical significance. Results: The degree of hearing loss was similar between the two groups at the first month [AGs (28 dB) vs BDQ (30 dB);p = 0.298]. At six months, the mean degree of hearing loss was significantly greater in the aminoglycoside regimen group [AGs (60.5 dB) vs BDQ (44 dB);p < 0.001]. The double difference was significant, with a greater increase in hearing loss in the AGs group (diff-in-diff 18.3;p < 0.001). After adjustment for age and serum albumin, the group receiving the AG-based regimen had a 2-point greater worsening than those with bedaquiline at the sixth month (diff-in-diff 19.8;p Conclusion: Hearing loss is frequent with both treatment regimens, but more marked with the Aminoglycoside-based regimen. Thus, bedaquiline should also benefit for audiometric monitoring in future MDR-TB p

关键词： Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Aminoglycosides Bedaquiline Hearing Loss

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法国核电站所在地的水生生物研究结果

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环境工程学报 1983年第10期 41-49页

作者： nicole LAIR ,Jean-Claude PIHAN ,michel NOURISSON ,王苏生

前言法国电力公司与许多科研组织签定了合同,委托它们在建立核电站前进行的参考性研究中,或在建站地点进行的生态监测研究中,负责完成水生生物方面的研究工作。人们希望能将这方面的研究资料加以汇总。这篇文章就做了初步尝试。

关键词：污水生物下游水质河段环境质量发电厂核电站核电厂水生生物摩泽尔河水温法国法兰西共和国

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过敏性休克——一种没有抑制氧耗的分布性休克

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 2005年第4期26卷 253-256,I0001页

作者： Pascale Dewachter Valé rie Jouan-Hureaux Patricia Franck Patrick Menu nicole de Talancé Faiez Zannad Marie-Claire Laxenaire Dan Longrois Paul michel Mertes Zhongcng Xie 张林曾因明 Staff Physician Ingenior Assistant 哈佛大学麻省总医院江苏省麻醉学重点实验室

背景:麻醉中发生过敏性休克的病理生理尚未完全阐明.它被认为是一种具有分布性的类似于感染性休克(无氧代谢,高组织氧压[PtiO2])的一种休克形式.过敏性反应中组织氧压的情况及其结果至今尚未知晓.

关键词：分布性休克过敏性休克氧耗感染性休克过敏性反应病理生理无氧代谢氧压组织

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