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Complex role for the immune system in initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11160-11181页

作者： Kristin S Inman Amanda A Francis nicole R Murray Department of Cancer Biology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL 32224United States

The immune system plays a complex role in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Inflammation can promote the formation of premalignant lesions and accelerate pancreatic cancer development. Conversely, pancreatic cancer is characterized by an immunosuppressive environment, which is thought to promote tumor progression and invasion. Here we review the current literature describing the role of the immune response in the progressive development of pancreatic cancer, with a focus on the mechanisms that drive recruitment and activation of immune cells at the tumor site, and our current understanding of the function of the immune cell types at the tumor. Recent clinical and preclinical data are reviewed, detailing the involvement of the immune response in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, including the role of specific cytokines and implications for disease outcome. Acute pancreatitis is characterized by a predominantly innate immune response, while chronic pancreatitis elicits an immune response that involves both innate and adaptive immune cells, and often results in profound sys-temic immune-suppression. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is characterized by marked immune dysfunction driven by immunosuppressive cell types, tumor-promoting immune cells, and defective or absent inflammatory cells. Recent studies reveal that immune cells interact with cancer stem cells and tumor stromal cells, and these interactions have an impact on development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC). Finally, current PDAC therapies are reviewed and the potential for harnessing the actions of the immune response to assist in targeting pancreatic cancer using immunotherapy is discussed.

关键词： Immune system Pancreatitis Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Immunosuppression Immunotherapy Inflammation

Validation of a conductometric bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as marker of organic matter in river samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 545-551页

作者： KHADRO Basma NAMOUR Philippe BESSUEILLE Franois LEONARD Didier JAFFREZIC-RENAULT nicole University of Lyon Laboratory of AnalyticalCNRS UMR 5180 69622 Villeurbanne France Cemagref of Lyon

This article describes a conductometric bi-layer based bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as a marker of organic matter in rivers. Proteins were chosen to be used as indicators of urban pollution. The working mechanism of the bienzyme biosensor is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins into several fractions （peptides and amino acids）, which results in a local conductivity change depending of the concentration of proteins. In this work, we began with the optimization of biosensor response using bovine serum albumin （BSA） as standard protein. For this objective seven enzymatic biosensors were prepared： four enzymatic sensors with only one layer of enzyme （proteinase K, trypsin, pronase or protease X） and three other enzymatic sensors with two layers （first layer： membrane containing proteinase K; second layer： one of the three other enzymes： trypsin, pronase or protease X）. The biosensors were obtained through the deposition of enzymatic layers and the cross-linking process between enzymes and BSA in saturated glutaraldehyde vapour. The response of the various biosensors, described previously, were compared with the values of total organic carbon （TOC）, and those of organic nitrogen （No~）, as determined by the laboratory accredits （CEMAGREF of Lyon） using the traditional method of analysis （NF EN 1484, infrared spectroscopy） and （NF EN 25663, mineralization/colorimetry assay） respectively for each water sample obtained from different sites in Lyon （France）. The linear correlations obtained with the response of the seven biosensors showed the most important indices of correlations for the biosensor with two enzymatic layers： proteinase K ＋ pronase （pkp）. The optimum conditions for the preparation of the pkp biosensor increased the sensitivity and gave a limit of quantification of 0.583 μg/L for TOC and 0.218 μg/L for Norg in water samples. This sensor shows good reproducibility （2.28%）, a capacity to be used at temperatures range 10-- 30℃ （dependi

关键词： conductometric biosensor proteins enzyme natural water analyses total organic carbon organic nitrogen

Systems approaches to urban underground space planning and management-A review

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Underground Space 2020年第2期5卷 144-166页

作者： Loretta von der Tann Raymond Sterling Yingxin Zhou nicole Metje Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonUK Civil Engineering Louisiana Tech University(Emeritus)United States Defence Science and Technology Agency 1 Depot RoadSingapore 109679Singapore Department of Civil Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamUK

The necessity to recognize the subsurface or underground and all its current and potential uses as part of our urban environment,to integrate this into urban planning and governance,and to foster conscious allocation of subsurface space has been increasingly recognized over the last *** the same time,systems thinking as a‘buzz-word’has gained relevance for approaching complex problem areas in all kinds of disciplines including those preoccupied with the *** paper reviews the literature about urban underground planning through a *** set this in context,it is outlined how organizational principles for the urban subsurface have evolved,and the main aspects of systems thinking are introduced followed by a discussion of how this thinking could be applied to the urban *** and tools presented in the recent literature in the field are then reviewed based on this perspective,asking how systemic the proposed strategies and tools are when the local geology,as well as legal and institutional settings are accepted as a baseline for analysis or *** approaches built on this premise have the potential to capture existing and evolving complexities,foster a better understanding of the value of subsurface space for a city and ultimately enable an efficient and fair allocation of underground ***,propositions for holistic solutions remain dispersed,interventions often remain based in an engineering mindset,and a shift in mind-set remains a *** research in collaboration with local and regional administrations or authorities based on systems thinking frameworks could help to facilitate this shift.

关键词： Systems thinking Urban underground space Underground space governance Subsurface planning and management

Winter is coming:care of the febrile children in the time of COVID-19

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第1期17卷 6-7页

作者： nicole Gerber Jonathan S.Farkas Adam J.Ratner Weill Cornell Medical Center New York Presbyterian525 East 68th StreetM-131New YorkNY 10021USA Department of Emergency Medicine Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine525 East 68th StreetM130New YorkNY 10021USA New York University Langone Health/Bellevue Hospital Center 462 First AveNew YorkNY 10016USA

In the pediatric emergency department(PED),winter seems to arrive earlier each *** the broken bones and lac-erations of the summer,the winter season brings fevers and respiratory *** is our bread and butter-it is the most common reason for PED visits[1].Fever phobia is ingrained in our society[2].In the pre-vaccine era,a febrile child was cause for concern;those who were ill-appearing had high rates of bacterial meningitis,and even well-appear-ing children could not be rapidly *** bac-teremia was a common condition in well-appearing young febrile children and frequently required laboratory evalua-tion and treatment with empiric antibiotics[3].

关键词： febrile winter children

How do belowground organisms influence plant-pollinator interactions?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Nicholas A.Barber nicole L.Soper Gorden Department of Biological Sciences Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Institute for the Study of the Environment Sustainabilityand EnergyNorthern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Department of Biology University of Minnesota DuluthDuluthMN 55812USA

Aims The majority of angiosperms are pollinated by animals,and this interaction is of enormous importance in both agricultural and natural *** behavior is influenced by plants’floral traits,and these traits may be modified by interactions with other community *** recent years,knowledge of ecological linkages between above-and belowground organ-isms has grown *** communities are extremely diverse,and when their interactions with plants influence floral characteristics,they have the potential to alter pollinator attrac-tion and visitation,but plant-pollinator interactions have been neglected in studies of the direct and indirect effects of soil organism-root ***,we review these belowground interactions,focusing on the effects of nitrogen-fixing bacteria,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root-feeding herbivores,and their effects on floral traits and ***,we identify gaps in our knowledge of these indirect effects and recommend promising directions and topics that should be addressed by future *** Findings Belowground organisms can influence a wide variety of floral traits that are important mediators of pollinator attraction,including the number and size of flowers and nectar and pollen *** traits that are known to influence pollinators in some plant species,such as floral volatiles,color and nectar composition,have rarely or never been examined in the context of belowground plant *** clear effects on flowers,relatively few studies have measured pollinator responses to belowground *** these indirect effects have been studied,both arbuscular mycorrhi-zal fungi and root herbivores were found to shift pollinator visitation *** on the interaction,these changes may either increase or decrease pollinator ***,we discuss future directions for ecological studies that will more fully integrate below-ground ecology with pollinat

关键词： aboveground-belowground pollinator mycorrhizae herbivore floral traits indirect effects

Importance of Relativistic Effects for Intermediate-Z Elements： Photoionization Process of Excited Na

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第4期24卷 909-912页

作者：韩小英王晓路 VOKY Lan FEAUTRIER nicole 李家明 Department of Physics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Laser Fabrication and Material Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences of Education Ministry Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 LERMA UMR 8112 du CNRS Observatoire de Paris 92915 Meudon Cedex France

Using a modified R-matrix code, the fine-structure-resolved partial photoionization cross sections of excited Na （Z = 11） are calculated within the Breit-Pauli approximation. Our calculated energy levels of Na＋ and Na are in good agreement with the experimental values within 1% and the branching ratios of the J-resolved partial cross sections are consistent with the recent measurements within the experimental uncertainties. The agreements are impossible to be obtained without adequately taking into account the relativistic effects and the electron correlations together. Therefore, even for the intermediate-Z elements （e.g. Na with Z = 11）, the relativistic effects （mainly the spin-orbit interactions） should not be neglected.

关键词： ELECTRON-SCATTERING GENERAL PROGRAM RYDBERG STATES ATOMS CONTINUUM NEBULAE IONS

Prof. Jamila Faivre: microbiology is a new field to me but it's interesting

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第1期7卷 75-76页

作者： nicole Li Bella Poon Ginny Chen

Expert introduction Jamila Faivre,MD,PhD(Figure 1),is Associate Professor of Cell Biology and Oncology and head of the"Microbiota,Inflammation and Cancer"research group of the INSERM Unit 1193 at University Paris-Saclay and Assistance Publique-H?pitaux de Paris(APHP),*** current research aims to elucidate the functions of gut-liver axis interactions and gut microbiota in liver physiopathology,and the role of inflammatory and oxidative stress in liver carcinogenesis.

关键词： liver Cancer carcinogenesis

Expression of androgen receptor target genes in skeletal muscle

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 675-683,I0006页

作者： Kesha Rana nicole KL Lee Jeffrey D Zajac Helen E MacLean Department of Medicine Austin Health University of Melbourne Heidelberg Victoria Australia

We aimed to determine the mechanisms of the anabolic actions of androgens in skeletal muscle by investigating potential androgen receptor （AR）-regulated genes in in vitro and in vivo models. The expression of the myogenic regulatory factor myogenin was significantly decreased in skeletal muscle from testosterone-treated orchidectomized male mice compared to control orchidectomized males, and was increased in muscle from male AR knockout mice that lacked DNA binding activity （AR△ZF2） versus wildtype mice, demonstrating that myogenin is repressed by the androgen/AR pathway. The ubiquitin ligase Fbxo32 was repressed by 12 h dihydrotestosterone treatment in human skeletal muscle cell myoblasts, and c-Myc expression was decreased in testosterone-treated orchidectomized male muscle compared to control orchidectomized male muscle, and increased in AR△ZF2 muscle. The expression of a group of genes that regulate the transition from myoblast proliferation to differentiation, Tceal7, p57Kip2, IEf2 and calcineurin Aa, was increased in AR△ZF2 muscle, and the expression of all but p57kip2 was also decreased in testosterone-treated orchidectomized male muscle compared to control orchidectomized male muscle. We conclude that in males, androgens act via the AR in part to promote peak muscle mass by maintaining myoblasts in the proliferative state and delaying the transition to differentiation during muscle growth and development, and by suppressing ubiquitin ligase-mediated atrophy pathways to preserve muscle mass in adult muscle.

关键词： androgen receptor anabolic atrophy gene expression skeletal muscle

Methodology in coronary artery bypass surgery quality assessment

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第11期19卷 867-875页

作者： Zhongmin Li nicole Shirakawa Amy Chen Fu-Hai Ji Hong Liu Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of California Davis HealthSacramentoUSA Department of Anesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

Coronary artery bypass graft(CABG)is associated with a high risk of mortality and morbidity;thus,assessment of surgery quality is *** this perspective,we will focus on the structure,process,and outcomes measured as quality assessment.A set of 21 evidence-based structure,process,and outcome measures were selected as National Quality *** these,the Society of Thoracic Surgeons ultimately chose 11 individual quality measures grouped them into four domains used to assess the quality of *** four domains consisted of perioperative medical care,operative care,risk-adjusted operative mortality and postoperative risk-adjusted major *** measures have been useful as quality improvement tools in assessing the quality of CABG surgery.

关键词： bypass surgery mortality