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Relative importance of long-term changes in climate and land-use on the phenology and abundance of legume crop specialist and generalist aphids

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 881-896页

作者： Martin Luquet Maurice Hulle Jean-Christophe Simon nicolas parisey Christelle Buchard2 Bruno Jaloux Agrocampus Ouest Centre of AngersInstitute of GeneticsEnvironment and Plant Protection (IGEPP-Joint Research Unit 1349) AngersFrance INRA Institute of GeneticsEnvironment and Plant Protection (IGEPP-Joint Research Unit 1349)Le Rheu France

Abstract Insect populations are prone to respond to global changes through shifts in phenology, distribution and abundance. However, global changes cover several factors such as climate and land-use, the relative importance of these being largely unknown. Here, we aim at disentangling the effects of climate, land-use, and geographical drivers on aphid abundance and phenology in France, at a regional scale and over the last 40 years. We used aerial data obtained from suction traps between 1978 and 2015 on five aphid species varying in their degree of specialization to legumes, along with climate, legume crop area and geographical data. Effects of environmental and geographical variables on aphid annual abundance and spring migration dates were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. We found that within the last four decades, aphids have advanced their spring migration by a month, mostly due to the increase in temperature early in the year, and their abundance decreased by half on average, presumably in response to a combination of factors. The influence of legume crop area decreased with the degree of specialization of the aphid species to such crops. The effect of geographical variation was high even when controlling for environmental variables, suggesting that many other spatially structured processes act on aphid population characteristics. Multifactorial analyses helped to partition the effects of different global change drivers. Climate and land-use changes have strong effects on aphid populations, with important implications for future agriculture. Additionally, trait-based response variation could have major consequences at the community scale.

关键词： abundance climate warming degree of specialization land-use change legume aphids phenology

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Refined Agent Model Using Shape-Based Grained Structure: Application to Membrane Molecules

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2016年第13期4卷 12-22页

作者： François Vallée Marie Beurton-Aimar Hien T. Tran nicolas parisey Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand LaBRI (CNRS UMR 5800) University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France UMR IGEPP INRA Le Rheu France

Multi-agent model is well-known to suit design of complex systems. This paradigm allows describing autonomous entities to interact together directly or through their environment. It is specially adapted to design 3D simulations taking into account spatial constraints on agents. In this work, we have designed a multi-agent model which adds a feature to the classical representation of agent: a body, encapsulating a physical model of the agent. We have applied this model to lipids and proteins belonging to the inner mitochondrial membrane, a biological membrane. Information provided by atomic structures is available through international databases and has been used to design a shape-based grain model for the agent body. We selected a model with three grains per molecule in which each grain is characterized by a type determining how they interact together and consequently the agent behaviors. Lipids and two kinds of protein structures have been described within this model allowing us to simulate their organization in membranes.

关键词： Biological Simulations 3D Reactive Agent Sub-Cellular Level Molecule Interactions

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