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Effectiveness of ivermectin mass drug administration in the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections in endemic populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： Brandon Le Naomi E.Clarke nicolas legrand Susana Vaz Nery The Kirby Institute University of New South WalesLevel 6Wallace Wurth BuildingSydneyNSW2052Australia

Background Current soil-transmitted helminth(STH)control guidelines endorse the use of albendazole or meben-dazole for school-based targeted preventive chemotherapy(PC),yet their reduced efficacy against Strongyloides sterc-oralis and Trichuris trichiura presents significant *** evidence indicates that community-wide PC[or mass drug administration(MDA)]using ivermectin,commonly used in other neglected tropical disease(NTD)control programs,may play an important role in controlling these *** conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin PC in reducing STH prevalence in endemic *** We searched Pubmed,EMBASE,and Web of Science on February 14,2023,for studies that investigated the effectiveness of ivermectin PC,either alone or in combination with other anthelmintic drugs,on STH infec-tions,and provided a measure of STH prevalence before and after *** calculated pooled prevalence reductions for each STH using random-effects *** protocol is available on PROSPERO(registration number CRD42023401219).Results A total of 21 were eligible for the systematic review,of which 15 were eligible for *** studies delivered ivermectin through *** pooled prevalence reduction of *** following MDA with ivermec-tin alone was 84.49%(95%CI:54.96-94.66)across five studies and 81.37%(95% CI:61.62-90.96)across seven studies with or without *** prevalence reduction of *** was 49.93%(95%CI:18.23-69.34)across five studies with ivermectin alone,and 89.40%(95%CI:73.66-95.73)across three studies with the addition of *** was high heterogeneity for all syntheses(I^(2)>65%).Conclusions This study underscores the key role of ivermectin-based MDA in addressing limitations in current global STH guidelines in terms of limited efficacy against *** and *** on these findings,revising inter-national STH guidelines to include i

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Ivermectin Albendazole Mass drug administration Preventive chemotherapy

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Mobility affects copulation and oviposition dynamics in Pieris brassicae in seminatural cages

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 743-752页

作者： nicolas Larranaga Michel Baguette Olivier Calvez Delphine legrand Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Universite Paul Sabatier Toulouse III SETE Station d'Ecologie Theorique et Experimentale UMR 5321 Moulis France Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Sorbonne Universites) Institut de Systematique Evolution et Biodiversite UMR 7205 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris cedex 5 France

When, how often and for how long organisms mate can have strong consequences for individual fitness and are crucial aspects of evolutionary ecology. Such determinants are likely to be of even greater importance in monandrous species and species with short adult life stages. Previous work suggests that mobility, a key dispersal? related trait, may affect the dynamics of copulations, but few studies have investigated the impact of individual mobility on mating latency, copulation duration and oviposition latency simultaneously. In this paper, we monitored the copulation dynamics of 40 males and 40 females, as well as the oviposition dynamics of the females of the Large White butterfly Pieris brassicae, a facultative long-distance disperser butterfly. Individuals from a breeding were selected to create a uniform distribution of mobility and we recorded the timing, number and duration of all copulations in a semiexperimental system. We showed that mobility, measured as the time spent in flight under stressful conditions (a proxy of dispersal tendency), correlates with all aspects of copulation dynamics: mobile males and females mated earlier and for shorter periods than less mobile individuals. In turn, late mating females increased the time between copulation and oviposition. These results feed the previously described mobility syndrome of R brassicae, involving morphological and physiological characters, with life-history traits. We suggest that the reduction of mating latency and copulation duration has an adaptive value in dispersing individuals, as their life expectancy might be shorter than that of sedentary individuals.

关键词： copulation duration life history mating latency mobility syndrome oviposition latency Pieris brassicae

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冷却速度对45号钢相变塑性的影响

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水钢科技 2020年第2期 61-73页

作者： Takayuki OTSUKA nicolas legrand 高长益叶雅妮张东升谢祥刘立德吴学林日本新日铁研究开发中心美国阿塞洛米塔尔研究开发中心首钢水钢制造管理部贵州六盘水553028

本研究主要探讨冷却速率对0.45%C钢相转变塑性应变的影响。研究表明,随着冷却速率的下降,相转变塑性应变增大,特别是当冷却速率低于10℃/s时,更是如此。根据Greenwood-Johnson机制(应变调节机制),采用晶体塑性快速傅里叶变换数值方法进... 详细信息

本研究主要探讨冷却速率对0.45%C钢相转变塑性应变的影响。研究表明,随着冷却速率的下降,相转变塑性应变增大,特别是当冷却速率低于10℃/s时,更是如此。根据Greenwood-Johnson机制(应变调节机制),采用晶体塑性快速傅里叶变换数值方法进行了相变塑性建模。结果表明,有三种相互关联的机制控制相变塑性量作为冷却速率的函数:弱相屈服应力与温度的关系,体积变化与冷却速率的关系(冷却速率越大,体积变化越大),粘塑性行为对高温蠕变应变的影响。当相变在低温下发生时,该模型预测的相变塑性应变与高冷却速率(通常为10℃/s及以上)下的实验应变值较为接近,当相变在高温下发生时,该模型预测的相变塑性应变低于慢冷速度下的实验应变值。这些结果表明,该模型应考虑蠕变/粘塑性等其它机制,以预测冷却速率对相变诱导塑性的影响。

关键词：相变塑性碳钢晶体塑性快速傅里叶变换(FFT)

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