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Differential diagnosis of COVID-19 at the chest computed tomography scan:A review with special focus on cancer patients

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World Journal of Radiology 2021年第8期13卷 243-257页

作者： Fabiana Perrone Maurizio Balbi Chiara Casartelli Sebastiano Buti Gianluca Milanese nicola sverzellati Melissa Bersanelli Medical Oncology Unit University Hospital of ParmaParma 43126Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of ParmaParma 43126Italy Department of Surgical Sciences Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity of ParmaParma 43126Italy

BACKGROUND Given the several radiological features shared by coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and other infective or non-infective diseases with lung involvement,the differential diagnosis is often tricky,and no unequivocal tool exists to help the radiologist in the proper *** tomography is considered the gold standard in detecting pulmonary illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** To conduct a systematic review including the available studies evaluating computed tomography similarities and discrepancies between coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and other pulmonary illness,then providing a discussion focus on cancer *** Using pertinent keywords,we performed a systematic review using PubMed to select relevant studies published until October 30,*** Of the identified 133 studies,18 were eligible and included in this *** Ground-glass opacity and consolidations are the most common computed tomography lesions in coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and other respiratory *** two studies included cancer patients,and the differential diagnosis with early lung cancer and radiation pneumonitis was performed.A single lesion associated with pleural effusion and lymphadenopathies in lung cancer and the onset of the lesions in the radiation field in the case of radiation pneumonitis allowed the differential ***,the studies were heterogeneous,and the type and prevalence of lesions,distributions,morphology,evolution,and additional signs,together with epidemiological,clinical,and laboratory findings,are crucial to help in the differential diagnosis.

关键词： COVID-19 Computed tomography Differential diagnosis Cancer Pneumonia Radiological findings

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Review on radiological evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia using computed tomography

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World Journal of Radiology 2021年第9期13卷 294-306页

作者： Chiara Casartelli Fabiana Perrone Maurizio Balbi Veronica Alfieri Gianluca Milanese Sebastiano Buti Mario Silva nicola sverzellati Melissa Bersanelli Medical Oncology Unit University Hospital of ParmaParma 43126Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of ParmaParma 43126Italy Division of Radiology University of ParmaParma 43126Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery Respiratory Disease and Lung Function UnitUniversity of ParmaParma 43126Italy

BACKGROUND Pneumonia is the main manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** computed tomography is recommended for the initial evaluation of the disease;this technique can also be helpful to monitor the disease progression and evaluate the therapeutic *** To review the currently available literature regarding the radiological follow-up of COVID-19-related lung alterations using the computed tomography scan,to describe the evidence about the dynamic evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia and verify the potential usefulness of the radiological *** We used pertinent keywords on PubMed to select relevant studies;the articles we considered were published until October 30,*** this selection,69 studies were identified,and 16 were finally included in the *** Summarizing the included works’findings,we identified well-defined stages in the short follow-up time frame.A radiographic deterioration reaching a peak roughly within the first 2 wk;after the peak,an absorption process and repairing signs are *** later radiological follow-up,with the limitation of little evidence available,the lesions usually did not recover *** Following computed tomography scan evolution over time could help physicians better understand the clinical impact of COVID-19 pneumonia and manage the possible sequelae;a longer follow-up is advisable to verify the complete resolution or the presence of long-term damage.

关键词： COVID-19 Computed tomography Pneumonia Radiological evolution Follow-up Long-term consequences Lung damage SARS-CoV-2

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Incidental vertebral compression fractures in imaging studies:Lessons not learned by radiologists

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World Journal of Radiology 2010年第10期2卷 399-404页

作者： Tommaso Bartalena Maria Francesca Rinaldi Cecilia Modolon Lucia Braccaioli nicola sverzellati Giuseppe Rossi Eugenio Rimondi Maurizio Busacca Ugo Albisinni Donald Resnick Department of Radiologiy Poliambulatorio Privato Zappi Bartalena Department of Radiology Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi Department of Radiology Ospedale Ceccarini Department of Clinical Sciences Radiology SectionUniversityof Parma Department of Angiographic Interventional Radiology Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Department of Radiology Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology VA Medical Center

AIM:To assess radiologists reporting rates of incidental vertebral compression fractures in imaging studies. METHODS:We performed a review of the current literature on the prevalence and reporting rates of incidental vertebral compression fractures in radiologic examinations. RESULTS:The bibliographic search revealed 12 studies:7 studies using conventional radiology and 5 using multidetector computed tomography(MDCT).The lossof height cut-off to define a vertebral fracture varied from 15%to 25%.Fracture prevalence was high (mean 21.1%;range 9.5%-35%)in both radiographic and MDCT studies(mean 21.6%and 20.2%,respectively).Reporting rates were low with a mean value of 27.4%(range 0%-66.3%)and were significantly lower in MDCT than in radiographic studies(mean 8.1%vs 41.1%).Notably,recent studies showed lower reporting rates than older studies. CONCLUSION:Many scientific studies have confirmed a high prevalence of vertebral compression fractures as incidental findings on imaging ***,the underreporting of these fractures,as determined in our study,may negatively affect patient care.

关键词： Vertebral compression fractures Spine Osteoporosis Multidetector computed tomography X-rays

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Coronary artery calcium score on low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第6期6卷 381-387页

作者： Teresa Arcadi Erica Maffei nicola sverzellati Cesare Mantini Andrea I Guaricci Carlo Tedeschi Chiara Martini Ludovico La Grutta Filippo Cademartiri Department of Radiology SDN Foundation IRCCS 80131 Naples Italy Cardio-vascular Imaging Unit Department of Radiology Giovanni XXIII Clinic Monas-tier di Treviso 31050 Treviso Italy Department of Radiology Erasmus Medical Center University Rotterdam 3015 CE Ro-tterdam The Netherlands Department of Radiology Azienda Ospeda-liero-Universitaria 43100 Parma Italy Department of Radiology Università di Chieti 66100 Chieti Italy Department of Cardiology Università di Foggia 71121 Foggia Italy Department of Cardiology San Gennaro Hospi-tal Naples 80136 Napoli Italy Department of Radiology University of Palermo Italy

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of coronary artery calcium score(CACS) on low-dose non-gated chest CT(ngCCT).METHODS: Sixty consecutive individuals(30 males; 73 ± 7 years) scheduled for risk stratification by means of unenhanced ECG-triggered cardiac computed to-mography(gCCT) underwent additional unenhanced ngCCT. All CT scans were performed on a 64-slice CT scanner(Somatom Sensation 64 Cardiac, Siemens, Germany). CACS was calculated using conventional methods/scores(Volume, Mass, Agatston) as previ-ously described in literature. The CACS value obtained were compared. The Mayo Clinic classification was used to stratify cardiovascular risk based on Agatston CACS. Differences and correlations between the two methods were compared. A P-value 0 in the ngCCT. Of the 3 patients with 1-10 Agatston score on gCCT, 1(33%) showed an Agatston score of 0 in the ngCCT. Overall, 23(38%) patients were reclassified in a different car-diovascular risk category, mostly(18/23; 78%) shifting to a lower risk in the ngCCT. The estimated radiation dose was significantly higher for gCCT(DLP 115.8 ± 50.7 vs 83.8 ± 16.3; Effective dose 1.6 ± 0.7 mSv vs 1.2 ± 0.2 mSv; P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: CACS assessment is feasible on ngCCT; the variability of CACS values and the associated re-stratification of patients in cardiovascular risk groups should be taken into account.

关键词： Coronary artery calcium score Lung cancer screening High-resolution computed tomography unenhanced chest computed tomography Cardiovascular risk stratification

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A high-order target phase approach for the station-keeping of periodic orbits

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 61-75页

作者： Xiaoyu Fu nicola Baresi Roberto Armellin Surrey Space Centre University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK Te PūnahaĀtea-Auckland Space Institute University of AucklandAuckland1010New Zealand

A novel high-order target phase approach(TPhA)for the station-keeping of periodic orbits is proposed in this *** key elements of the TPhA method,the phase-angle Poincare map and high-order maneuver map,are constructed using differential algebra(DA)techniques to determine station-keeping epochs and calculate correction maneuvers.A stochastic optimization framework tailored for the TPhA-based station-keeping process is leveraged to search for fuel-optimal and error-robust TPhA ***-satellite orbits(QSOs)around Phobos are investigated to demonstrate the efficacy of TPhA in mutli-fidelity dynamical *** Carlo simulations demonstrated that the baseline QSO of JAXA’s Martian Moons eXploration(MMX)mission could be maintained with a monthly maneuver budget of approximately 1 m/s.

关键词： target phase approach(TPhA) station-keeping Poincarémap differential algebra(DA) quasi-satellite orbit(QSO)

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The potential for an old-growth forest to store carbon in the topsoil:A case study at Sasso Fratino,Italy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 23-32页

作者： Tommaso Chiti nicola Benilli Giovanni Mastrolonardo Giacomo Certini Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici Agroalimentari e Forestali(DIBAF)Universitàdella TusciaVia San C.de Lellis Snc01100 ViterboItaly Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie AlimentariAmbientali e Forestali(DAGRI)Universitàdegli Studi di FirenzeP.le delle Cascine 1850144 FirenzeItaly

There is considerable interest devoted to oldgrowth forests and their capacity to store carbon(C)in biomass and *** of C stocks in old-growth forests are carried out worldwide,although there is a lack of information on their actual potential for C *** further understand this,soil organic carbon(SOC)was measured in one of Italy's best-preserved old-growth forests,the Sasso Fratino Integral Nature *** reserve is on the World Heritage List along with other ancient beech forests of Europe,and it is virtually untouched due to the steepness of the terrain,even before legal constraints were *** the sandstone-derived soils are often shallow,they are rich in organic ***,no quantification had been carried *** systematically sampling the topsoil across the forest,we accurately determined the average amount of SOC(62.0±16.9 Mg ha^(–1))and nitrogen(4.0±1.2 Mg ha^(–1))in the top 20 *** the CENTURY model,future dynamics of SOC stocks were predicted to 2050 according to two climate scenarios,A1F1 and B2,the first of high concern and the second more *** model projected an increase of 0.2 and 0.3 Mg ha^(–1)a^(–1)by 2030 under the A1F1 and B2 scenarios,respectively,suggesting that the topsoil in old-growth forests does not reach equilibrium but continues accumulating ***,from 2030 to 2050,a decline in SOC accumulation is predicted,indicating SOC net loss at high altitudes under the worst-case *** study confirms that soils in oldgrowth forests play a significant role in carbon *** also suggests that climate change may affect the potential of these forests to store SOC not only in the long term but also in the coming years.

关键词： Carbon sequestration CENTURY model Climate change Forest soil Soil nitrogen

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Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in oncological patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors:A case report and literature analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1253-1256页

作者： Francesca Colapietro nicola Pugliese Antonio Voza Alessio Aghemo Stella De nicola Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityMilan 20072Italy Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology Department of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research HospitalMilan 20089Italy Department of Emergency Humanitas Research HospitalMilan 20089Italy

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation(HBVr)represents a severe and potentially life-threatening condition,and preventive measures are available through blood test screening or prophylactic therapy *** assessment of HBVr traditionally considers factors such as HBV profile,including hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen,along with type of medication(chemotherapy;immunomodulants).Nevertheless,consideration of possible patient’s underlying tumor and the specific malignancy type(solid or hematologic)plays a crucial role and needs to be assessed for decision-making process.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Reactivation Nucleoside analogue Tyrosine kinase inhibitors Onco-hematology

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Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans:an overview of recent findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1908-1918页

作者： Marcello Serra nicola Simola Alexia E.Pollack Giulia Costa Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly Department of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants,in addition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic *** toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and *** present review provides an overview of recent research,conducted between 2018 and 2023,focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,methylphenidate,caffeine,and *** elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

关键词： 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine amphetamine caffeine cell cultures cocaine methamphetamine methylphenidate neurotoxicity nicotine

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Organic petrographic and mineralogical composition of the No. 6 coal seam of the Soutpansberg Coalfield, South Africa: Insights into paleovegetation and depositional environment

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 190-207页

作者： Sanki Biswas nicola J.Wagner Ofentse M.Moroeng DSI-NRF CIMERA/PPM Research Group Department of GeologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

This study investigates the paleodepositional conditions of the No.6 Seam of the Madzaringwe Formation in Makhado and Voorburg south area of the Soutpansberg Coalfield(Limpopo Province,South Africa)utilizing organic petrography and inorganic geochemical *** coals are predominantly high-volatile bituminous B-A rank with high ash yields(avg.36.1 wt%),characterized by high-vitrinite(~41.5 vol%),moderate-to-high inertinite(9.8 vol%–33.7 vol%)and low liptinite(~2.3 vol%).The distribution of inertinite varies among different coal horizons(from bottom-lower to middle-upper),suggesting differential oxidation conditions and/or paleofire ***-to-inertinite(V/I)ratio,tissue preservation–gelification index(TPI–GI),and groundwater–vegetation index(GWI–VI)plots,indicate that the peat-forming forest-swamp vegetation accumulated under mesotrophic-to-rheotrophic hydrological *** presence of structured macerals(i.e.,telinite,collotelinite,fusinite,and semifusinite)suggests well-preserved plant tissues,whereas framboidal pyrite and sulphur content(0.24 wt%–2.16 wt%)point to brackish-water influence at the peat *** coals contain quartz,kaolinite,siderite,muscovite,dolomite,calcite,and pyrite minerals,most of which were likely sourced from felsic igneous *** Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)and(Fe+Mn)/Ti ratios for the studied samples range between 0.24–0.97 and 0.57–70.10,*** ratios,Al–Fe–Mn plot,and presence of massive botryoidal-type pyrite imply some influence of meteoric waters or fluids from hydrothermal activity ***,the chemical index of alteration(CIA:98.25–99.67),chemical index of weathering(CIW:92.04–97.66),and A–CN–K ternary diagram suggest inorganic matter suffered strong chemical weathering,indicating warm paleoclimatic conditions during the coal formation.

关键词： Macerals Coal facies Geochemical-indices Hydrothermal Madzaringwe formation Soutpansberg Coalfield

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Increased number of symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged time to return to full sports performance—AWAREⅧ

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 280-287,I0001页

作者： Carolette Snyders Marlise Dyer nicola Sewry Esme Jordaan Martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa Section Sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeCape Town 7535South Africa

Purpose The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with prolonged time to return to full performance(RTFP)in athletes with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** Prospective cohort study with cross sectional analysis.A total of 84 athletes with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection assessed at a coronavirus disease 2019 recovery clinic gave a history of age,sex,type/level of sport,co-morbidities,pre-infection training hours,and 26 acute SARS-CoV-2 symptoms from 3 categories(“nose and throat”,“chest and neck”,and“whole body”/systemic).Data on days to RTFP were obtained by structured *** associated with RTFP were demographics,sport participation,history of co-morbidities,pre-infection training history,and acute symptoms(type,number).Outcomes were:(a)days to RTFP(median,interquartile range(IQR))in asymptomatic(n=7)and symptomatic athletes(n=77),and(b)hazard ratios(HRs;95%confidence interval)for symptomatic athletes with *** a factor(univariate,multiple models).HR0.05).Factors associated with prolonged RTFP(univariate models)were:females(HR=0.57;p=0.014),endurance athletes(HR=0.41;p<0.0001),co-morbidity number(HR=0.75;p=0.001),and respiratory disease history(HR=0.54;p=0.026).In symptomatic athletes,prolonged RTFP(multiple models)was significantly associated with increased“chest and neck”(HR=0.85;p=0.017)and“nose and throat”(HR=0.84;p=0.013)symptoms,but the association was more profound between prolonged RFTP and increased total number of“all symptoms”(HR=0.91;p=0.001)and“whole body”/systemic(HR=0.82;p=0.007)*** A larger number of total symptoms and specifically“whole body”/systemic symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged RTFP.

关键词： Athletes COVID-19 Performance Recovery Return to play

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