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The relationship between morphology and flight in Drosophila:a study of two pairs of sibling species from a natural population

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 885-900页

作者： nicol.s Flaibani Victoría Estefania Ortiz Juan JoséFanara Valeria Paula Carreira Laboratorio de Evolucion Departamento de EcologiaGenética y Evolucion(DEGE)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales(FCEN)Universidad de Buenos Aires(UBA)Instituto de GenéticaEcologia y Evolucion de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificasy Tecnicas(CONICET)-UBABuenos AiresArgentina

Insect flight is a complex trait involved in different behaviors,from the search for sexual partners,food,or breeding *** studies have postulated the adaptive advantages of certain morphological traits in relation to increased flight capacity,such as low values of wing loading or high values of wing:thorax ratio and wing-aspect ***,few studies have evaluated the relationship between variables related to flight and morphological traits in *** work aimed to study morphological traits in males and females of two pairs of sibling species:Drosophila buzzati Patterson and Wheeler-Drosophila koeferae Fontdevila and Wasserman,and Drosophila melanogaster Meigen-Drosophila simulans Sturtevant,and to analyze its relationship with *** detected the highest proportion of flight time in *** and *** compared to *** and ***,*** results also revealed sexual dimorphism,with males exhibiting a higher proportion of flight time than ***,we did not find a general pattern to explain the relationship between morphology and the proportion of flight time because associations varied depending upon the analyses(considering all groups together or each sex-species combination separately).Moreover,these associations explained a low percentage of variation,suggesting that other nonmorphological components related to flight,such as physiological variables,should be taken into *** work allowed us to show the variability and complexity of an aspect of flight,suggesting that the adaptive role of the morphological traits studied might have been overestimated.

关键词： morphological traits time in flight wing loading wing:thorax ratio wingaspect ratio wing second moment of area

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In search for the “idyllic” animal model to evaluate ocular pathologies and translate new therapies to improve human health

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2697-2699页

作者： Francisco M.Nadal-nicol.s Kiyoharu J.Miyagishima Wei Li Retinal Neurophysiology Section National Eye InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

The retina is a highly specialized neural tissue that encodes information of vision,a vital sensory modality for most *** the retina also contributes to other non‐image‐forming signals(*** of circadian clocks),vision chiefly enables animals to interpret and navigate their environment(despite the diverse variety of species and lifestyles;Baden et al.,2020)and also to interact with other ***,features such as high visual resolution and color discrimination are important for interactive behaviors like prey capture and also for social animals,including primates,that establish a dominance *** vertebrates,the laminar structure of the retina is notably *** photoreceptor layer(rods and cones)initiates the process of converting light energy into nerve impulses by absorbing photons and transferring the signals to interneurons.

关键词： laminar enable absorbing

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Comparison of Various Ion Exchange Resins for the Separation of Phenols in a Wood Pyrolysis-Based Biorefinery

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第12期12卷 2135-2152页

作者： Kristine Meile Martins Romanovskis Thomas nicol.Neil Hindle Aivars Zhurinsh Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry RigaLV-1006Latvia University of Latvia RigaLV-1004Latvia Nova Pangaea Technologies Lealholme BuildingWilton InternationalWiltonRedcarTS104RGUK

Fast pyrolysis of pre-treated birch wood in a super-heated steam environment produces a condensate rich in *** the objective to obtain several product streams from this condensate,the possibility of extracting additional chemical species is explored,thus promoting the development of a pyrolysis-based *** this work,the extraction and recovery of pyrolytic phenols from birch wood pyrolysis condensate was studied using ion exchange *** an aim to achieve effective phenol recovery,while obtaining high purity levoglucosan,basic ion exchange resins,both in OH−and Cl^(−)form,as well as polystyrene-divinyl resins without functional groups were *** study characterizes the influence of sorbent matrix type and porosity,functional group and counter ion on the sorption of various aromatic *** was concluded that the counter ion of the ion exchange resins had the most influence on the pyrolytic phenol adsorption,while in the case of unfunctionalized resins smaller pore size improved removal of phenols from the pyrolysis *** the resins tested,the most effective at the removal and recovery of pyrolytic phenols were strongly basic,macroporous,anion exchange resins in OH^(−)*** possibility to reuse the sorbents and solvents is explored to make the over-all process more environmentally friendly and economically feasible.

关键词： Biorefinery birch wood fast pyrolysis levoglucosan ion exchange resins solid phase extraction

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Government Data Openness and Coverage. How do They Affect Trust in European Countries?

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2021年第1期6卷 139-153页

作者： nicol.s Gonzálvez-Gallego Laura Nieto-Torrejón San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia Faculty of Law and Business AdministrationAvda.de los Jerónimos135Murcia 30107Spain

Purpose: This paper aims to assess if the extent of openness and the coverage of data sets released by European governments have a significant impact on citizen trust in public ***/methodology/approach: Data for openness and coverage have been collected from the Open Data Inventory 2018(ODIN), by Open Data Watch;institutional trust is built up as a formative construct based on the European Social Survey(ESS), Round 9. The relations between the open government data features and trust have been tested on the basis of structural equation modelling(SEM).Findings: The paper reveals that as European governments improve data openness, disaggregation, and time coverage, people tend to trust them more. However, the size of the effect is still small and, comparatively, data coverage effect on citizens' confidence is more than twice than the impact of *** limitations: This paper analyzes the causal effect of Open Government Data(OGD) features captured in a certain moment of time. In upcoming years, as OGD is implemented and a more consistent effect on people is expected, time series analysis will provide with a deeper *** implications: Public officers should continue working in the development of a technological framework that contributes to make OGD truly open. They should improve the added value of the increasing amount of open data currently available in order to boost internal and external innovations valuable both for public agencies and ***/value: In a field of knowledge with little quantitative empirical evidence, this paper provides updated support for the positive effect of OGD strategies and it also points out areas of improvement in terms of the value that citizens can get from OGD coverage and openness.

关键词： Open government data Open data Trust Public policy

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Diet and nutrition against inflammatory bowel disease: Trick or treat(ment)?

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2022年第5期12卷 104-107页

作者： Salvatore Greco Beatrice Bonsi nicol.Fabbri Department of Translational Medicine University of FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda UnitàSanitaria Locale Di FerraraOspedale del DeltaAzienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Unit of General Surgery Azienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraOspedale del DeltaAzienda UnitàSanitaria Locale di FerraraFerrara 44100Italy

Even if the relationships between nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)remain underexplored,the current literature is providing,day by day,much more evidence on the effects of various diets in both prevention and treatment of such *** dietary habits,together with other environmental factors such as pollution,breastfeeding,smoke,and/or antibiotics,are among the theoretical pathogenetic causes of IBD,whose multifactorial aetiology has been already *** some of these risk factors are potentially reversible,some others cannot be avoided,and efficient treatments become necessary to prevent IBD spread or ***,the drugs currently available for treatment of such disease provide low-to-no effect against the symptoms,making the illnesses still strongly *** nutrition and specific diets will prove to effectively interrupt the course of IBD has still to be clarified and,in this sense,further research concerning the applications of such dietary interventions is still needed.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Diet Nutrition Treatment

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The fossil record of Antarctic land mammals:commented review and hypotheses for future research

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第3期30卷 274-292页

作者： Javier NGELFO Francisco JGOIN nicol.s BAUZá Marcelo REGUERO Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) ArgentinaGodoy Cruz 2290C1425FQBCABAArgentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La Plata.Paseo del Bosque s/nB1900FWALa PlataArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La PlataArgentina MORPHOS Lab Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La Plata Instituto Antártico Argentino 25 de Mayo 1143B1650HMKSan MartínBuenos AiresArgentina

The fossil record of terrestrial mammals in Antarctica is temporally and geographically constrained to the Eocene outcrops of La Meseta and Submeseta formations in Seymour(Marambio)Island in West *** faunal assemblage indicates a clear South American imprint since all the groups have a close phylogenetic relationship with Cretaceous and Paleogene mammals from *** the presence of several mammalian taxonomic groups:Dryolestida,Gondwanatheria,Eutheria and Metatheria,the presence of other major mammalian taxa should be expected and will probably be confirmed by new *** mammals with an inferred body mass between 10 to 400 kg in size,are represented by xenarthrans,and two groups of the so called South American native ungulates:Astrapotheria and *** Metatheria are the smaller(less than 1 kg)and most abundant components of the *** are represented by derorhynchid ameridelphians,several microbiotherian australidelphians(both microbiotheriids and woodburnodontids),and?glasbiid prepidolopod and polydolopid ***,there are remains of several mammalian teeth of indeterminate phylogenetic *** present knowledge of the Southern Hemisphere mammalian evolution and paleogeographic change through time,indicates that Antarctica played a major role for land mammals,at least since the *** actual representation of Paleogene terrestrial mammals in Antarctica is most probably biased,as all the evidence indicates that australosphenidan mammals should be present in this continent since the Jurassic.

关键词： Antarctica James Ross Basin Jurassic Paleogene Eocene Mammalia

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Therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第7期16卷 305-312页

作者： nicol.s Rozo Montoya Juliana Quintero Pulgarín Liliana López Carvajal Grupo de Investigación Clínica PECET(GIC-PECET) Universidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia

Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellí***:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during *** information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical *** were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical ***:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received *** different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were *** therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,***:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Systemic treatment Local treatment Combined treatment Tropical neglected disease Safety Therapeutic response

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Challenges and opportunities in improving left ventricular remodelling and clinical outcome following surgical and trans-catheter aortic valve replacement

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Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第3期15卷 416-437页

作者： Xu Yu Jin Mario Petrou Jiang Ting Hu Ed D nicol.John R Pepper Surgical Echo-Cardiology Services Oxford Heart CentreJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUK Cardiac Surgical Physiology and Genomics Group Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory SciencesRadcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUK Department of Cardiac Surgery Royal Brompton HospitalLondon SW36NPUK National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College LondonLondon SW36LYUK NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre London W21NYUK Department of Cardiology Royal Brompton HospitalLondon SW36NPUK

Over the last half century,surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR)has evolved to offer a durable and efficient valve haemodynamically,with low procedural complications that allows favourable remodelling of left ventricular(LV)structure and *** latter has become more challenging among elderly patients,particularly following trans-catheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI).Precise understanding of myocardial adaptation to pressure and volume overloading and its responses to valve surgery requires comprehensive assessments from aortic valve energy loss,valvular-vascular impedance to myocardial activation,force-velocity relationship,and myocardial *** hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis remains as the structural and morphological focus in this *** intervention in asymptomatic aortic stenosis or regurgitation along with individualised management of hypertension and atrial fibrillation is likely to improve patient *** pacing via the His-Purkinje system for conduction abnormalities,further reduction in para-valvular aortic regurgitation along with therapy of angiotensin receptor blockade will improve patient outcome by facilitating hypertrophy regression,LV coordinate contraction,and global vascular *** leaflet thromboses require anticoagulation while impaired access to coronary ostia risks future TAVI-in-TAVI or coronary *** comparable long-term durability and the resolution of TAVI related complications become available,SAVR remains the first choice for lower risk younger patients.

关键词： surgical aortic valve replacement trans-catheter aortic valve implantation left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis myocardial force-velocity relationship His-Purkinje pacing renin-angiotensin system inhibitors coronary access impairment

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Smallanthus sonchifolius roots ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by reducing redox imbalance and hepatocyte damage in rats fed with a high fructose diet

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第9期9卷 365-372页

作者： Mariano nicol.s Alemán Sara Serafina Sánchez Stella Maris Honoré Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT)

Objective: To evaluate the potential of Smallanthus sonchifolius(S. sonchifolius) roots in ameliorating hepatic damage of rats fed with a high fructose ***: The effect of S. sonchifolius roots on energy intake, body weight, fat and liver mass was determined in male rats fed with a high-fructose diet. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lipoproteins and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were analyzed. Histological changes of the livers were evaluated by electronic microscopy and apoptosis was examined using the TUNEL method. The levels of malondialdehyde, reducedglutathione and antioxidant enzymes(catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase) activities were also ***: S. sonchifolius roots significantly decreased energy intake, body weight, fat and liver mass(P < 0.05). S. sonchifolius roots ameliorated liver steatosis and mitochondrial morphology, avoiding cellular apoptosis and normalizing transaminase activity in the liver of rats fed with high fructose. Enzymatic assays revealed that S. sonchifolius roots had a modulatory effect on the oxidative stress induced by fructose-feeding by reducing lipid peroxidation(P < 0.05) and antioxidant enzyme activities(P < 0.05) in ***: S. sonchifolius roots can ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by improving oxidative stress and liver injury.

关键词： Smallanthus sonchifolius roots Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Oxidative stress Apoptosis Liver

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Chemical-Structural Changes of Organic Matter in a Semi-Arid Soil After Organic Amendment

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Pedosphere 2012年第3期22卷 283-293页

作者： C.nicol.S G.MASCIANDARO T.HERNNDEZ C.GARCIA Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC) Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Wastes ManagementCampus Universitario de EspinardoP.O.160Murcia 3010 (Spain) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (ISE)-Sezione di Chimica del SuoloArea della RicercaVia Moruzzi 1Pisa 56124 (Italy)

A 9-month incubation experiment using composted and non-composted amendments derived from vine pruning waste and sewage sludge was carried out to study the effects of the nature and stability of organic amendments on the structural composition of organic matter (OM) in a semi-arid *** changes of soil OM,both in the whole soil and in the extractable carbon with pyrophosphate,were evaluated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography and chemical *** the end of the experiment,the soils amended with pruning waste exhibited less organic carbon loss than those receiving sewage *** non-composted residues increased the aliphatic-pyrolytic products of the OM,both in the whole soil and also in the pyrophosphate extract,with the products derived from peptides and proteins being significantly *** 9 months,in the soils amended with pruning waste the relative abundance of phenolic-pyrolytic products derived from phenolic compounds,lignin and proteins in the whole soil tended to increase more than those in the soils amended with sewage ***,the extractable OM with pyrophosphate in the soils amended with composted residues tended to have higher contents of these phenolic-pyrolytic products than that in non-composted ***,despite the stability of pruning waste,the composting of this material promoted the incorporation of phenolic compounds to the soil *** pyrolytic indices (furfural/pyrrole and aliphatic/aromatic ratios) showed the diminution of aliphatic compounds and the increase of aromatic compounds,indicating the stabilization of the OM in the amended soils after 9 *** conclusion,the changes of soil OM depend on the nature and stability of the organic amendments,with composted vine pruning waste favouring humification.

关键词： degraded soil pyrolysis-gas chromatography pyrophosphate extract sewage sludge vine pruning waste

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