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Cosmetic or Dietary Vegetable Oils Sampled in the Cameroonian Market May Not Expose Consumers to Lipid Oxidation Products Generating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 193-202页

作者： Ferdinand Kouoh Elombo Erika Van Damme Clara Delepine David Depraetere Ludovic Chaveriat Paul Lunga Keilah nico fréderic njayou Patrick Martin Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Dé partement de Chimie IUT B&#233thune Universit&#233 d&#8217Artois B&#233thune France Unité Transformations & Agroressources (ULR7519) Universit&#232 d&#8217Artois-UniLaSalle Bethune France

Vegetable oils are a source of energy, essential fatty acids, antioxidants and fat-soluble vitamins useful for human health care and development. These oils also contribute to organoleptic quality of their products’ derivatives. However, their chemical and physical properties can be modified by the mode of their extraction, storage and distribution. These modifications might negatively affect the nutritional quality of the oils. The goals of this study were to: sample different vegetable oils for cosmetic or dietary use marketed in Cameroon, and verify purity and oxidation states of each kind of oil through determination of its acidity, iodine, peroxide, saponification, refractive indexes and the conformity of the labeling. The carotene content, the level of polar components and specific absorbance were also determined. As the result, six oils namely palm, palm kernel, coconut, black cumin, peanut and shea butter were collected. Apart from labeling, chemicals and physicals parameters analyzed were generally in accordance with the Cameroonian and Codex Alimentarius standard. This study suggests that vegetable oils sampled in the Cameroonian market may not expose consumers to lipid oxidation products generating pathological oxidative stress and inflammation. However, efforts in application of existing standard need to be done as far as labeling are concerned.

关键词： Vegetable Oils Quality Control Labeling Compliance Lipid Oxidation Oxidative Pathology

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Hydro-Alcoholic Leaf Extract and fractions of Codiaeum variegatum (var. Mollucanum) Exhibited an Improved Anti-Amoebic and Moderate Anti-Oxidant Potential

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 339-356页

作者： Sylvain Pechangou Nsangou Carine Matsingang Fondjou Charifa Ngbetnkom Mandou Sunil Kumar Mfotie Njoya Emmanuel frederic nico njayou Rakesh Sehgal Paul Fewou Moundipa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Medical Lab Technology Chandigarh University Mohali India Department of Medical Parasitology Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India

Amoebiasis, classified as the third intestinal parasitic infection, represents a public health problem in low-income countries where hygiene and sanitation conditions are poor. With the resurgence of resistant pathogenic strains as well as ancestral considerations in developing countries such as Cameroon, many people rely on medicinal plants to treat a plethora of diseases. This work aimed to highlight the anti-amoebic and anti-oxidant potential of Codiaeum variegatum extracts and fractions. The anti-amoebic potential of C. variegatum was assayed on the polyxenic culture of the clinical isolates of E. histolytica. Then, the anti-oxidant potential of the ethanolic/hydroethanolic extracts and fractions was evaluated through DPPH radical scavenging, iron reduction (frAP), lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential and total antioxidant capacity tests followed by the determination of phenolic compound and flavonoid content. It was found that the fractionation process decreased the amoebicidal activities of C. variegatum leaf extracts. However hydroethanolic extract (CI50: 10.08 ± 0.42, 5.18 ± 0.09, 5.18 ± 0.09 μg/mL respectively after 24, 48 and 72 hours) was more active than ethanolic extract (CI50: 15.59 ± 6.17;9.61 ± 2.37;6.26 ± 3.22 μg/mL respectively after 24, 48 and 72 hours). Interestingly, the activities of hydroethanolic extract were significantly non-different compared to metronidazole CI50: 8.42 ± 0.44, 6.45 ± 0.22 and 3.42 ± 0.33 μg/mL, respectively after 24, 48 and 72 hours). Ethanolic extract and EF5 showed higher Phenolic compound contents and higher antioxidant activity than hydroethanolic extract and other fractions through DPPH radical scavenging power (EC50 = 311.50 ± 4.12 μg/mL) and total antioxidant capacity (44 ± 0.07 mgEAA/gF). However, these activities are significantly lower than those of ascorbic acid (EC50 = 31.20 ± 4.39 μg/mL, and 61.34 ± 4.42 μg/mL respectively). This low antioxidant activity was confirmed by po

关键词： Codiaeum Variegatum Amoebiasis Antiamoebic Antioxidant

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Codiaeum Variegatum Hydro Alcoholic Leaf Extracts and Their fractions Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Vitro

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第5期11卷 40-54页

作者： Sylvain Pechangou Nsangou Charifa Ngbetkom Mandou Carine Matsigang Fondjou Vigny Sayal Ngohoba Edie Brice Enang II Ibrahim Njingou Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya frederic nico njayou Paul Moundipa Fewou Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde1 Yaounde Cameroon Centre for Quality of Health and Living Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Central University of Technology Bloemfontein South Africa

Codiaeum variegatum has been widely investigated for its biological proprieties ranging from the antiamoebic potential to the phytochemical analysis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of C. variegatum leaf extracts and fractions. A primary macrophage culture activated by Saccharomyces cereviseae (SC) was used to evaluate cell cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory potential of the plant extracts and fractions. Macrophages were treated with different concentrations (0.1;1;10 and 100 μg/mL) of the extracts/fractions for the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase activity, nitric oxide (NO) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) production. No significant difference was observed on cell viability in the presence of extracts and fractions at tested concentration during the incubation period. Extracts and fractions of C. variegatum inhibited the 5-lipoxygenase activity, NO and TNF-α production by viable primary mouse macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. The fractionation process increased anti-inflammatory activity. Among fractions, HEF2, HEF3, HEF5, EEF1, EEF3 and EEF5 exhibited the best anti-inflammatory potential. C. variegatum extracts and fractions exhibited a greater anti-inflammatory potential throughout the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, 5-Lox and TNF-α.

关键词： C. variegatum Anti-Inflammatory 5-Lipoxygenase NO TNF-α

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