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Sequential extraction of heavy metals during composting of urban waste

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2008年第2期27卷 121-125页

作者： Ayari f. Chairi R. Kossai R. Laboratoire Eau et Environnement Institut National de Recherche Scientifique et Technique B.P. 95-2050 Hammam-lifTUNISIE Laboratoire Ressources minérales et Environnement. faculté des Sciences de Tunis. 2092 Univ. Tunis El Manar Université de Tunis-IPEIT. Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée 2 rue Jawaher Lel Nehru1008Monfleury-Tunis-Tunisie

In urban waste (the first matter of compost), elements such as copper, nickel and lead may be found in metallic state (wire, pile, accumulator, etc.), which is considered as non-dependent state. The work undertaken at the laboratory of composting of the INRST in Henchir Lihoudia (Tunis) showed that the produced compost does not contain any mobile metallic element and the portion related to organic fraction (bioavailable) is tiny in size. We supposed that many reactions involving decomposition and complexation from elements related to the matrix components occurred during composting. The existence and importance of this phenomenon can be evaluated by studying the evolution of metal contents in the different fractions extracted sequentially during composting process.

关键词：肥料重金属城市垃圾处理方法

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中国古代砖材及早期亚洲跨区域的互动与交流

古代墓葬美术研究 2017年第1期 298-314页

作者：倪克鲁李尔吾维也纳大学

黏土、陶制建材的出现本文所涉及的砖指陶制的建筑材料,这些材料构成了诸如墙体及拱顶这些结构的一部分。本文中的瓦指没有结构功能的陶制材料,它们只被用于保护由其他材料构筑而成的屋顶、墙壁以及地板的表面等。总体来讲,陶制材料最... 详细信息

黏土、陶制建材的出现本文所涉及的砖指陶制的建筑材料,这些材料构成了诸如墙体及拱顶这些结构的一部分。本文中的瓦指没有结构功能的陶制材料,它们只被用于保护由其他材料构筑而成的屋顶、墙壁以及地板的表面等。总体来讲,陶制材料最早以瓦、砖和管道的形式出现在史前建筑中。泥坯砖的出现通常在此之前。在西亚地区,这种极简的人造建材可上溯至公元前9千纪[1]。在印度北部,最早的泥坯砖出现在公元前7千纪。在美索不达米亚,焙烤而成的砖出现于公元前4千纪。

关键词：空心砖工匠们子母砖跨区域

Chromium Electroplating of Aluminium Alloys Using Electroless nickel as Underlayer

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2014年第7期2卷 59-74页

作者： Chike f. Oduoza Enam Khan Tarsem Sihra faculty Science and Engineering University of Wolverhampton City Campus Wolverhampton UK

The growing demand for chromium coated aluminium components especially for the automotive industry is due to their favourable physical properties (density, strength to weight ratio etc.). However, their frequent use under harsh environmental conditions renders them corrosion sensitive and consequently they need to be protected. An approach that has been applied in industry is to directly electroplate nickel onto aluminium substrate prior to a top metallic finish;however, in components with complex geometry, certain areas could become exposed to corrosion attack due to poor surface coverage during plating. In this study, a modified electroless nickel undercoat was applied to pre-treated aluminium alloys prior to duplex nickel and chromium plating with a view to enhance corrosion resistance, improve coating adherence and durability, and overall, to achieve substrate protection. Hexavalent and trivalent chromium were applied to pre-treated Al 1050 and Al 6061 following electroless nickel deposition, and plating performance was assessed by surface and corrosion techniques, while durability was measured by scratch, adhesion and hardness tests. Overall, while chromium plating with an electroless nickel undercoat did not improve corrosion resistance or hardness of the materials, it provided an additional protective layer for the substrate with a potential for longer term durability.

关键词： Aluminium Alloys Electroless nickel Chromium Plating Corrosion Testing Scratch and Hardness Testing

Improving Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance in a fe–18Cr–17Mn–2Mo–0.85N Austenitic Stainless Steel Through Grain Boundary Character Distribution Optimization

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第11期35卷 1849-1861页

作者： f.Shi L.Yan J.Hu L.f.Wang T.Z.Li W.Li X.J.Guan C.M.Liu X.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The grain boundary character distribution(GBCD) optimization and its effect on the intergranular stress corrosion cracking(IGSCC) resistance in a cold-rolled and subsequently annealed fe-18 Cr-17 Mn-2 Mo-0.85 N high-nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel were systematically *** results show that stacking faults and planar slip bands appearing at the right amount of deformation(lower than 10%) are beneficial cold-rolled microstructures to the GBCD *** proportion of special boundaries gradually increases in the subsequent stages of recrystallization and grain growth,accompanying with the growth of twin-related domain in the experimental *** this way,the fraction of low ∑ coincidence site lattice(CSL) boundaries can reach as high as 82.85% for the specimen cold-rolled by 5% and then annealed at 1423 K for 72 *** GBCD optimization,low ∑ CSL boundaries and the special triple junctions(J2,J3) of high proportion can greatly hinder the nitride precipitation along grain boundaries and enhance the capability for intergranular crack arrest,thus improving the IGSCC resistance of the experimental steel.

关键词： High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel Grain boundary character distribution Coincidence site lattice(CSL)grain boundary Electron backscatter diff raction(EBSD) Intergranular stress corrosion cracking

MICROBRIDGE TESTING Of YOUNG'S MODULUS AND RESIDUAL STRESS Of nickel fILM ELECTROPLATED ON SILICON WAfER

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第3期17卷 247-254页

作者： Y.Zhou C.S.Yang J.A. Chen G.f. Ding L. Wang M.J Wang Y.M Zhang T.H Zhang Key Laboratory for Thin film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education Research Institute of Micro/Nanometer Science and Technology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics (LNM) Institute of Mechanics The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China.

Microbridge testing is used to measure the Young's modulus and residual stresses of metallic *** film microbridges with widths of several hundred microns are fabricated by Microelectromechanical *** order to measure the mechanical properties of nickel film microbridges,special shaft structure is designed to solve the problem of getting the load--deflection curves of metal film microbridge by Nanoin--denter XP system with normal Berkovich *** analysis of the micro--bridge load--deflection curve is proposed to evaluate the Young's modulus and residual stress of the films *** calculated results based on the experimental measurements show that the average Young's modulus and residual stress are around 190GPa and 175MPa respectively,while the Young's modulus measured by Nano-hardness method on nickel film with silicon substrate is 186.8±7.34GPa.

关键词： nickel film microbridge MEMS mechanical property loadeflection measurement

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老年人用药过多？通过共享决策减停用药

英国医学杂志中文版 2016年第12期19卷 685-690页

作者： Jesse Jansen Vasi Naganathan Stacy M Carter Andrew J McLachlan Brooke nickel Les Irwig Carissa Bonner Jenny Doust Jim Colvin Aine Heaney Robin Turner Kirsten Mc Caffery 杨川 Sereening and Test Evaluation Program Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence Based Decision Making University of Sydney Centre for Education and Research on Ageing Ageing and Alzheimer's Institute Concord Hospital University of Sydney Centre for Values Ethics and the Law in Medicine University of Sydney faculty of Pharmacy University of Sydney Centre for Researchin Evidence BasedPractice BondUniversityQueenslandAustralia Health ConsumersNew South Wales Australia NPS MedicineWise Surry Hills NSWAustralia School of PublicHealth andCommunityMedicine Universityof New South WalesAustralia 北京大学公共卫生学院

用药过多问题逐渐被人们所承认，老年人不合理多重用药就是其中一个表现。多重用药通常定义为服用超过5种常规处方药。多重用药在利大于弊的情况下是可行的，但是其增加了老年人发生药物不良反应、身体和认知功能受损及住院的风险。老... 详细信息

用药过多问题逐渐被人们所承认，老年人不合理多重用药就是其中一个表现。多重用药通常定义为服用超过5种常规处方药。多重用药在利大于弊的情况下是可行的，但是其增加了老年人发生药物不良反应、身体和认知功能受损及住院的风险。老年人应用多重用药的依据有限，尤其是对有共患病、认知功能障碍及身体虚弱的老年人。

关键词：养生保健医学知识用药过多问题老年人

高场强MRI与超声内镜对可切除性食管癌术前T分期应用价值的比较

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中华放射学杂志 2018年第3期52卷 199-203页

作者：郭佳王昭琦张风光张宏凯鲁亚南秦建军张忠宪张廷张首宁董亚锋李印赵妍刘慧严序 Dominik nickel 黎海亮曲金荣郑州大学附属肿瘤医院放射科 450008 郑州大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科 450008 郑州大学附属肿瘤医院病理科 450008 西门子(中国)有限公司医疗业务领域磁共振事业部 MR Pre-development Siemens Healthcare GmbH Erlangen 91052 Germany

目的比较高场强MRI与超声内镜（EUS）对可切除性食管癌患者术前T分期的应用价值。方法前瞻性收集2015年3月至2016年9月经临床及病理活检判定为可切除性食管癌的患者，所有入组患者于病理活检1周后进行MRI，扫描序列包括膈肌导航的应... 详细信息

目的比较高场强MRI与超声内镜（EUS）对可切除性食管癌患者术前T分期的应用价值。方法前瞻性收集2015年3月至2016年9月经临床及病理活检判定为可切除性食管癌的患者，所有入组患者于病理活检1周后进行MRI，扫描序列包括膈肌导航的应用刀锋采集技术的快速自旋回波的T2WI加权成像（BLADE-TSE-T2WI）、DWI及自由呼吸放射状K空间填充方式的容积内插体部检查（radial-VIBE）,同时行超声内镜（EUS）检查。MRI检查均在EUS之前进行，手术均在MRI与EUS检查后1周内进行。由2名具有5年以上MRI诊断经验的医师分别采用5分制对MR图像进行评分，参照美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）第7版食管癌TNM分期标准。2名MRI阅片者采用双盲法分别对MR图像进行独立分期，结果不一致时，由第3名高级职称MRI医师共同讨论，达成一致意见，由1名具有5年以上内镜工作经验的内镜医师进行EUS分期。采用Kappa一致性检验，评价2名MRI阅片者对图像质量评分和可切除性食管癌术前T分期的一致性，以术后病理T分期结果为金标准，分别计算MRI及EUS对食管癌术前T分期的准确率，并采用χ2检验进行对照分析。结果入组患者共70例，MRI图像质量评分不低于3分者分别有66例（阅片者1）和68例（阅片者2），2名MRI阅片者对图像质量评分的一致性非常好（Kappa=0.824，P〈0.05）。术后病理证实T1期16例、T2期18例、T3期30例、T4a期6例。2名MRI阅片者对食管癌术前T分期的一致性非常好（Kappa=0.809，P〈0.05），MRI和EUS对可切除性食管癌术前T分期的准确率分别为92.9%（65/70）和67.1%（47/70），两种技术的准确率差异有统计学意义（χ2=14.5，P〈0.05）。结论MRI对食管癌术前T分期的准确率明显高于EUS，可以成为判断食管癌术前T分期的无创性检查方法。

关键词：食管肿瘤肿瘤分期磁共振成像超声内镜

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity in p-NiO Grafted n-TiO_2 Porous Coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第4期31卷 355-360页

作者： S.Bassaki H.Niazi f.Golestani-fard R.Naghizadeh R.Bayati School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Intel Corporation

We synthesized NiO-loaded TiO2porous p-n junctions by electrophoretic enhanced micro arc oxidation（EEMAO） technique which is a relatively simple and new method for producing composite *** structure,chemical composition,and surface morphology of the NiO—TiO2coatings were investigated by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）,and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） techniques,*** efficiency of the samples was studied through measuring the decomposition rate of 4-chlorophenol under UV *** showed that the coatings mainly consisted of anatase,rutile,and nickel oxide *** was observed that a finer surface morphology,*** pores,was obtained at lower ***,the amount of nickel oxide loaded to the TiO2host increased with the *** NiO-TiO2composite coatings showed a higher photoactivity than pure TiO2coatings revealing the effective role of NiO in decreasing the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and *** maximum photocatalytic reaction rate constants for TiO2and NiO—TiO2samples were obtained as 0.0064 and 0.0131 min-1,*** also found that there was an optimum concentration of NiO where a maximum photocatalytic activity was achieved.A correlation between growth variables,structure,and photocatalytic efficiency was established.

关键词： nickel oxide Titanium dioxide p-n junctions Photoc

A comparative study of the electrooxidation of C1 to C3 aliphatic alcohols on Ni modified graphite electrode

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第9期55卷 1819-1824页

作者： JAfARIAN M. MIRZAPOOR A. DANAEE I. SHAHNAZI Sangachin A.A. GOBAL f. Departement of Chemistry K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran Abadan faculty of Petroleum Engineering Petroleum University of TechnologyAbadanIran Departement of Chemistry Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

nickel modified graphite electrodes （G/Ni） prepared by galvanostatic deposition were examined for their redox process and electrocatalytic activities towards the oxidation of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol in alkaline solutions. The methods of cyclic voltammetry （CV）, ehronoamperometry （CA） and impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were employed. In CV studies, the electrochemical response, peak current varied in the order of MeOH 〉 EtOH 〉 1-PrOH 〉 2-PrOH. Under the CA regime, a higher catalytic rate constant obtained for methanol oxidation was in agreement with CV measurements. Lower charge transfer resistance was obtained for low carbon alcohols oxidation and significantly higher exchange current density was obtained for methanol oxidation.

关键词： alcohols electrocatalytic nickel modified electrode equivalent circuit