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Change and Continuity:Chinese Villages in Transition(Ⅳ)–Wanmin Village

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China City Planning Review 2014年第2期23卷 65-73页

作者： nick R.smith Department of Urban Planning and Design Harvard UniversityCambridge

This is the final installment in a series of four articles ethnographically exploring instances of village transformation in peri-urban China. Each article presents an in-depth case study of a single village and its unique combination of change and continuity. Together, these case studies demonstrate the specificity and idiosyncrasy of village transformation and the need for planners to "take actions that suit local conditions"(yin di zhi yi). This installment investigates Wanmin Village, in Pujiang County, Chengdu. Wanmin has yet to experience dramatic urban transformation, and it is currently undergoing a planning process in order to prepare for such change. This article thus takes a forward-looking approach, seeking to demonstrate how the ethnographic insights from this series can be employed to develop actionable planning recommendations for other transforming villages in China. In investigating Wanmin, I identify three main dimensions along which change and continuity are in tension:development versus conservation, concentration versus dispersal, and socio-spatial mobility versus investments in fixed land resources. I then propose four potential strategies for resolving these tensions:economic diversification, transportation, adaptive re-use, and cooperative governance. I conclude by considering how an ethnographic approach might be implemented in other instances of village transformation in China.

关键词： village planning peri-urbanization ethnography Chengdu

Change and Continuity:Chinese Villages in Transition(III)–Hailong Village

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China City Planning Review 2014年第1期23卷 68-75页

作者： nick R.smith Department of Urban Planning and Design Harvard University

This is the third in a series of four articles ethnographically exploring instances of village transformation in peri-urban China. Each article presents an in-depth case study of a single village and its unique combination of change and continuity. Together,these case studies demonstrate the specifi city and idiosyncrasy of village transformation and the need for planners to "take actions that suit local conditions"(yindi zhiyi). This installment investigates Hailong Village in the Jiulongpo District of Chongqing. Hailong's leaders have encouraged economic transformation through the conversion of agricultural land to industrial uses,while seeking to maintain the continuity of the village's political institutions. Meanwhile,villagers have responded to rapid change by seeking to preserve the continuity of family and community networks of mutual support embedded in the sociospatial fabric of their natural villages. The tension between change and continuity has led to contradictions in Hailong's development,and the village has experienced increasing fragmentation and unsustainable land use intensification. A subsequent planning initiative has sought to balance the desire for economic growth with the need to maintain Hailong's rurality by steering the village toward agro-tourism and real estate development. As Hailong moves down this path,it is unclear how much longer its socio-spatial identity as a village can be maintained.

关键词： village planning peri-urbanization ethnography Chongqing

Change and Continuity:Chinese Villages in Transition (I)–Longmei Village

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China City Planning Review 2013年第3期22卷 66-72页

作者： nick R.smith Department of Urban Planning and Design Harvard University International Association for China Planning

This is the first in a series of four articles ethnographically exploring instances of village transformation in peri-urban *** article presents an in-depth case study of a single village and its unique combination of change and ***,these case studies demonstrate the specificity and idiosyncrasy of village transformation and the need for planners to"take actions that suit local conditions"(yindi zhiyi).This first installment investigates Longmei Village in the Panyu District of Guangzhou ***’s leaders have encouraged economic transformation through industrialization and real estate development while seeking to maintain the village’s socio-spatial *** competing priorities have led to contradictions in Longmei’s development,as integration into economic networks brings new people,goods,and ideas to the *** tension has intensified as both registered villagers and migrant workers have pursued divergent visions for Longmei’s future transformation.

关键词： village planning peri-urbanization ethnography Guangzhou

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加快线束新产品导入速度的技术

中国集成电路 2016年第5期25卷 77-82页

作者： nick smith Mentor公司集成电气系统部

1简介线束制造商将新设计或变更后的设计投入生产的速度是一个重要的业务动力。即便是现在,商用现有（COTS）软件仍无法很好地支持收到新设计后到投产前这一期间内出现的复杂序列任务。为此,线束制造商不得不投入成本去开发内部工具,或... 详细信息

1简介线束制造商将新设计或变更后的设计投入生产的速度是一个重要的业务动力。即便是现在,商用现有（COTS）软件仍无法很好地支持收到新设计后到投产前这一期间内出现的复杂序列任务。为此,线束制造商不得不投入成本去开发内部工具,或者采用半人工方法。本文重点讨论产品设计与企业资源计划及生产执行之间的一整套领域,即广义上的制造工程。本文将介绍用于构建强大的线束制造工程软件解决方案的技术＂构造块＂。

关键词：线束制造工程软件解决方案设计变更 COTS 产品设计图形生成人工方法导线长度配置管理

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汽车电气／电子设计中的系统设计

汽车制造业 2014年第22期 46-48页

作者： nick smith 明导电子

客户与各种政府规章和要求促进了大众对汽车电气／电子（E／E）系统更多功能的需求，这种需求为负责执行这些功能的0EM生产厂商带来新的挑战。当然，系统开发和制造的成本巨大，但OEM生产厂商必须应对的挑战远远不只是成本问题。还包括... 详细信息

客户与各种政府规章和要求促进了大众对汽车电气／电子（E／E）系统更多功能的需求，这种需求为负责执行这些功能的0EM生产厂商带来新的挑战。当然，系统开发和制造的成本巨大，但OEM生产厂商必须应对的挑战远远不只是成本问题。还包括不断增加的重量、可靠性和质量问题、呈指数增长的复杂性以及政府要求等。

关键词：电子设计汽车电气系统生产厂商成本问题质量问题指数增长多功能

维普期刊数据库评论

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维普期刊数据库

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汽车线束制造工艺管理

汽车与配件 2013年第36期 48-50页

作者： nick smith 李荣跃国际集成电气系统部门不详

束制造是一项低利润业务，质量、精度和速度对于获取业务成功至关重要。即便是最小组件的技术规格出现错误，也会因产量大而产生重大影响。如果在过程后期才发现客户规格有错误，则会导致交付延误和客户不满。缓慢的报价周期也可能导致... 详细信息

束制造是一项低利润业务，质量、精度和速度对于获取业务成功至关重要。即便是最小组件的技术规格出现错误，也会因产量大而产生重大影响。如果在过程后期才发现客户规格有错误，则会导致交付延误和客户不满。缓慢的报价周期也可能导致失去投标机会。哪怕对制造模块或子总成的技术规格稍作更改，都可能对材料成本和制造机械的选择产生重大影响。

关键词：制造工艺管理汽车线束技术规格材料成本业务客户延误

Skilful Forecasts of Summer Rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin from November

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2082-2091页

作者： Philip E.BETT nick DUNSTONE Nicola GOLDING Doug smith Chaofan LI Met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Variability in the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)brings the risk of heavy flooding or drought to the Yangtze River basin,with potentially devastating *** forecasts of the likelihood of enhanced or reduced monsoon rainfall can enable better management of water and hydropower resources by decision-makers,supporting livelihoods and major economic and population centres across eastern *** paper demonstrates that the EASM is predictable in a dynamical forecast model from the preceding November,and that this allows skilful forecasts of summer mean rainfall in the Yangtze River basin at a lead time of six *** skill for May–June–July rainfall is of a similar magnitude to seasonal forecasts initialised in spring,although the skill in June–July–August is much weaker and not consistently ***,there is some evidence for enhanced skill following El Niño *** potential for decadal-scale variability in forecast skill is also examined,although we find no evidence for significant variation.

关键词： seasonal forecasting interannual forecasting flood forecasting Yangtze basin rainfall East Asian summer monsoon

Predictability and Risk of Extreme Winter PM_(2.5)Concentration in Beijing

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第5期37卷 632-642页

作者： Jingpeng LIU Adam A.SCAIFE nick DUNSTONE Hong-Li REN Doug smith Steven CHARDIMAN Bo WU China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX13PBUnited Kingdom College of Engineering Mathematicsand Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QGUnited Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Air pollution remains a serious environmental and social problem in many big cities in the *** to predict and estimate the risk of extreme air pollution is unsettled *** study tries to provide a solution to this challenge by examining the winter PM_(2.5)concentration in Beijing based on the UNprecedented Simulation of Extremes with ENsembles(UNSEEN)*** PM_(2.5)concentration observations in Beijing,Japanese 55-yr reanalysis data,and the Met Office near term climate prediction system(DePreSys3a)large ensemble simulations are used,and 10,000proxy series are generated with the model fidelity *** is found that in Beijing,the main meteorological driver of PM_(2.5)concentration is monthly 850-hPa meridional wind(V850).Although the skill in prediction of V850 is low on seasonal and longer timescales,based on the UNSEEN,we use large ensemble of initialized climate simulations of V850 to estimate the current chance and risk of unprecedented PM_(2.5)concentration in *** unravel that there is a 3%(2.1%–3.9%)chance of unprecedented low monthly V850 corresponding to high PM_(2.5)in each winter,within the 95%range,calculated by bootstrap resampling of the ***,we use the relationship between air quality and winds to remove the meridional wind influence from the observed record,and find that anthropogenic intervention appears to have reduced the risk of extreme PM_(2.5)in Beijing in recent years.

关键词： UNprecedented Simulation of Extremes with ENsembles(UNSEEN) climate risk PM_(2.5) Beijing

Efficient visible-light-driven water oxidation by single-crystal Ta_(3)N_(5)nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 4562-4567页

作者： Zheng Wang Jeongsuk Seo Takashi Hisatomi Mamiko Nakabayashi Jiadong Xiao Shanshan Chen Lihua Lin Zhenhua Pan Mary Krause nick Yin Gordon smith Naoya Shibata Tsuyoshi Takata Kazunari Domen Research Initiative for Supra-Materials Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University4-17-1 WakasatoNagano-shiNagano 380-8553Japan Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Global Advanced Metals Inc. 1223 County Line RoadBoyertownPA 19512USA Office of University Professors The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

Ta3N5 is regarded as a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting because of its excellent visible light absorption characteristics and simple *** Ta3N5 photocatalysts prepared from oxide precursors typically comprise aggregated polycrystalline particles with defects and grain boundaries that reduce the water oxidation activity of the *** the present work,well-dispersed Ta3N5 nanoparticulate single crystals were synthesized via a mild nitridation process using pure Ta metal nanopowder or Ta nanopowder mixed with *** resulting high-quality Ta3N5 nanoparticles,after loading with an oxygen evolution cocatalyst,exhibited impressively high photocatalytic performance during O_(2)evolution from a sacrificial AgNO3 solution,with an apparent quantum yield of 9.4%at 420 *** findings suggest a new approach to the facile fabrication of nanostructured single-crystal photocatalysts for efficient solar water splitting,based on the use of metal nanopowders.

关键词： Ta3N5 photocatalyst nanoparticle single crystal O_(2)evolution metallic Ta precursor