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Foregut bypass *** bariatric procedures for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:a meta-analysis of 3,355 individuals

Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 658-670,I0001-I0003页

作者： Wen Hui Lim Snow Yunni Lin Cheng Han Ng Darren Jun Hao Tan Jieling Xiao Jie Ning Yong Phoebe Wen Lin Tay nicholas syn Yip Han Chin Kai En Chan Chin Meng Khoo nicholas Chew Roger S.Y.Foo Asim Shabbir Eunice X.Tan Daniel Q.Huang Mazen Noureddin Arun J.Sanyal Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui Mark D.Muthiah Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Division of Endocrinology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Cardiology National University Heart CentreNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Division of General Surgery(Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery) Department of SurgeryNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore National University Centre for Organ Transplantation National University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore Cedars-Sinai Fatty Liver Program Division of Digestive and Liver DiseasesDepartment of MedicineComprehensive Transplant CenterCedars-Sinai Medical CentreLos AngelesCAUSA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Background:Bariatric surgery represents an important treatment option for severely obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there remains inadequate data regarding the effects of different bariatric procedures on various NAFLD parameters,especially for histological ***,this meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of restrictive bariatric procedures and foregut bypass on the metabolic,biochemical,and histological parameters for patients with ***:Medline and Embase were searched for articles relating to bariatric procedures and *** meta-analysis was conducted to compare efficacy of bariatric procedures ***-procedure with subgroup analysis to further compare restrictive against foregut bypass ***:Thirty-one articles involving 3,355 patients who underwent restrictive bariatric procedures(n=1,460)and foregut bypass(n=1,895)were *** foregut bypass(P<0.01)and restrictive procedures(P=0.03)significantly increased odds of fibrosis *** to restrictive procedures,foregut bypass resulted in a borderline non-significant decrease in fibrosis score(P=0.06)and significantly lower steatosis score(P<0.001).For metabolic parameters,foregut bypass significantly lowered body mass index(P=0.003)and low-density lipoprotein(P=0.008)compared to restrictive *** significant differences were observed between both procedures for aspartate aminotransferase(P=0.17)and alkaline phosphatase(P=0.61).However,foregut bypass resulted in significantly lower gamma-glutamyl transferase than restrictive procedures(P=0.01)while restrictive procedures resulted in significantly lower alanine transaminase than foregut bypass(P=0.02).Conclusions:The significant histological and metabolic advantages and comparable improvements in biochemical outcomes support the choice of foregut bypass over restrictive bariatric procedures in NAFLD management.

关键词： Bariatric surgery non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) obesity fibrosis endoscopy

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Liver resection versus liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria:a meta-analysis of 18,421 patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第1期11卷 78-93,I0009-I0013页

作者： Jin Hean Koh Darren Jun Hao Tan Yuki Ong Wen Hui Lim Cheng Han Ng Phoebe Wen Lin Tay Jie Ning Yong Mark D.Muthiah Eunice X.Tan Ning Qi Pang Beom Kyung Kim nicholas syn Alfred Kow Brian K.P.Goh Daniel Q.Huang Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore National University Centre for Organ Transplantation National University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore Division of Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Yonsei Liver Center Severance HospitalYonsei University Health SystemSeoulRepublic of Korea Biostatistics and Modelling Domain Saw Swee Hock School of Public HealthNational University of Singapore and National University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Division of SurgerySingapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Liver Transplant Service SingHealth Duke-NUS Transplant CentreSingaporeSingapore

Background:Outcomes after liver resection(LR)and liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are heterogenous and may vary by region,over time periods and disease *** aimed to compare overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)between LT versus LR for HCC within the Milan ***:Two authors independently searched Medline and Embase databases for studies comparing survival after LT and LR for patients with HCC meeting the Milan ***-analyses and meta-regression were conducted using random-effects ***:We screened 2,278 studies and included 35 studies with 18,421 *** was associated with poorer OS[hazard ratio(HR)=1.44;95%confidence interval(CI):1.14-1.81;P<0.01]and DFS(HR=2.71;95%CI:2.23-3.28;P<0.01)compared to LT,with similar findings among intention-to-treat(ITT)*** uninodular disease,OS in LR was comparable to LT(P=0.13)but DFS remained poorer(HR=2.95;95%CI:2.30-3.79;P<0.01).By region,LR had poorer OS versus LT in North America and Europe(P≤0.01),but not Asia(P=0.25).LR had inferior survival versus LT in studies completed before 2010(P=0.01),but not after 2010(P=0.12).Cohorts that underwent enhanced surveillance had comparable OS after LT and LR(P=0.33),but cohorts undergoing usual surveillance had worse OS after LR(HR=1.95;95%CI:1.24-3.07;P<0.01).Conclusions:Mortality after LR for HCC is nearly 50%higher compared to *** between LR and LT were similar in uninodular *** risk of recurrence after LR is threefold that of LT.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) liver resection(LR) liver transplant survival recurrence

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Analytical model for predicting folding stable state of bistable deployable composite boom

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 460-469页

作者： Tianwei LIU Jiangbo BAI nicholas FANTUZZI School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Jingdezhen Research Institute of Beihang University Jingdezhen 333000China DICAM Department University of BolognaBologna 40136Italy

Bistable Deployable Composite Boom(Bi-DCB)can achieve bistable function by storing and releasing strain energy,which has a good application prospect in space *** example,it serves as the main support section of deployable structures(e.g.,solar arrays and antennas).This paper investigates folding stable state of Bi-DCB through the analytical *** on Archimedes’helix and energy principle,an analytical model for predicting folding stable state of Bi-DCB was *** failure index of Bi-DCB in folding stable state were analyzed using the Tsai-Hill criterion and the maximum stress ***,a 2400 mm long Bi-DCB was fabricated using autoclave *** prediction results of the proposed model were compared with experiments and results of two other analytical *** is shown that the proposed model shows good prediction ***,the effect of geometric parameters on folding stable state of Bi-DCB was further investigated with the aid of the proposed model.

关键词： Bistable Deployable composite boom Solar arrays Antennas Archimedes’helix Folding Failure analysis

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SRMD:Sparse Random Mode Decomposition

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 879-906页

作者： nicholas Richardson Hayden Schaeffer Giang Tran University of Waterloo WaterlooONCanada University of British Columbia VancouverBCCanada University of California Los AngelesCAUSA

Signal decomposition and multiscale signal analysis provide many useful tools for timefrequency *** proposed a random feature method for analyzing time-series data by constructing a sparse approximation to the *** randomization is both in the time window locations and the frequency sampling,which lowers the overall sampling and computational *** sparsification of the spectrogram leads to a sharp separation between time-frequency clusters which makes it easier to identify intrinsic modes,and thus leads to a new data-driven mode *** applications include signal representation,outlier removal,and mode *** benchmark tests,we show that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art decomposition methods.

关键词： Sparse random features Signal decomposition Short-time Fourier transform

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Cell-type resolved transcriptomic approaches for dissecting selective vulnerability in neurodgeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1411-1413页

作者： Caleb A.Wood nicholas M.Tran Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

A common feature among neurodegenerative conditions is that ce rtain neuronal populations are selectively vulnerable to loss(Fu et al.,2018).By corollary,other neurons are selectively resilient,suggesting they may possess unique features that support their survival.U nderstanding the basis of neuronal resilience or vulnerability would provide a logical strategy to identify factors that could be targeted therapeutically.

关键词： selective targeted

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Invasive weed disrupts facilitation of nutrient uptake in grass-clover assemblage

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 89-96页

作者： Wei Zhang Rick Muir nicholas Dickinson Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln UniversityLincoln 7647New Zealand

Nutrient constraints in low-fertility soil were modified by different species ***-clover assemblages benefited both species in terms of nutrient *** of competition and facilitation is *** invasive weed removed essential nutrients from the grazing *** investigate the interplay of competition and facilitation between plants in low-fertility pasture grasslands of New Zealand,we compared nutrient uptake and acquisition of key nutrients of three species from different func-tional *** of Pilosella officinarum(mouse-eared hawk-weed,an invasive weed),Trifolium repens(white clover,a nitrogen fixer)and Dactylis glomerata(cocksfoot,a pasture grass)were planted into a soil with low-to-deficient concentrations of key *** yields were achieved by the grass growing alone but,when the clover and grass had grown together,there were complementary benefits in terms of procurement of a wide range of nutrients from soil despite lower root *** inva-sive weed negated these benefits,and soil nutrients were exploited less efficiently when Pilosella had grown alone or in a mixture with the other *** from the weed removed the benefits of grass-legume *** findings are interpreted to suggest that requirements for legumes to be the main source of nitrogen in pasture grasslands may be compromised unless competitive weeds are controlled to avoid disrupted procurement of key *** is likely these constraints to nutrient procurement would similarly impact conservation grasslands.

关键词： soil ferility facilitation species coexistence weed invasion legumes

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Anthropogenic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG Fangxing TIAN nicholas P.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmospheric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(April–September) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the present day(PD,1994–2011) is double that in the early period(EP, 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate experiments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthropogenic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthropogenic forcing changes can explain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an important anthropogenic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing experiments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthropogenic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in response to anthropogenic forcing are mainly due to the response of climatological mean surface air temperatures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evapotranspiration are relatively small. The physical processes associated with the response of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions

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Interactive 360°media for the dissemination of endangered world heritage sites:the ancient city of Palmyra in Syria

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Built Heritage 2024年第2期8卷 103-118页

作者： Rida Dieb Ataa Alsalloum nicholas Webb Faculty of Architecture Damascus UniversityDamascusSyria School of Architecture University of LiverpoolAbercromby SquareLiverpoolMerseysideL697ZNUK

Since the onset of conflict in Syria in 2011,several heritage sites have suffered partial or complete *** ancient city of Palmyra,a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980,was placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2013,alongside five other Syrian heritage *** 2015 and 2017,Palmyra experienced the loss of nearly 40%of its historic buildings and *** site’s remote location and ongoing armed conflict pose additional challenges in accessing and preserving *** paper introduces an interactive online platform employing 360°media to document and disseminate information about the world heritage site of *** platform contributes to the safeguarding process of Palmyra,facilitating public engagement and interaction with the *** also has potential applications for other sites in Syria and *** platform allows users to explore both archival and current information of damaged historical monuments and buildings,revealing their layered histories before and after *** interactive 360°media,similar to applications like Google Street View,the platform offers a reality-based digital *** can virtually move into different buildings or follow specific pathways within the site,accessing archival information and documentation about particular monuments and buildings along their *** project serves as a unique informational resource for decision-makers and policy planners,aiding in the understanding of the site and the development of relevant strategies and *** also proves beneficial as an educational *** collective understanding fostered by this platform is expected to positively influence post-conflict restoration and reconstruction plans,making it an invaluable asset for research and educational purposes.

关键词： Palmyra Web platform 360°media tour Cultural heritage Archaeological preservation Heritage in conflict zones

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Alcohol associated liver disease and bariatric surgery:Current perspectives and future directions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 650-657页

作者： Katherine M Cooper Alessandro Colletta nicholas Hebda Deepika Devuni Department of Medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Bariatric surgery is a routinely performed procedure and is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with ***,bariatric sur-gery has also been linked to increased alcohol use with up to 30%of these patients developing alcohol use disorder(AUD).The mechanism of AUD after bariatric surgery is multifactorial and includes anatomic,metabolic,and neurohumoral changes associated with post-surgical *** patients are at increased risk of alcohol associated liver disease and,in some cases,require liver *** this article,we provide a scoping review of epidemiology,patho-physiology,and clinical outcomes of alcohol-related health conditions after bariatric surgery.

关键词： Obesity medicine Alcohol use disorder Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Vertical sleeve gastrectomy Liver transplant Simultaneous liver transplant and bariatric surgery

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Classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease:two sides of the prion coin

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Animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 1-18页

作者： nicholas J.Haley Juergen A.Richt Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of Graduate StudiesMidwestern UniversityGlendaleAZUSA Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies(TSEs)are a group of progressive and ultimately fatal neurologic diseases of man and animals,all resulting from the propagated misfolding of the host's normal cellular prion *** diseases can be spontaneous,heritable,anthropogenic/iatrogenic,or in some cases horizontally transmissible,and include such notable TSEs as bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE)of cattle and chronic wasting disease(CWD)of *** they are both unequivocally protein misfolding disorders,they differ markedly in their pathogenesis,transmissibility,and zoonotic *** the BSE epidemic has largely abated over the past three decades following global feed bans on ruminant meat and bone meal,CWD,which is readily transmitted through various forms of excreta,has rapidly expanded from its original endemic zone to encompass much of North America,along with recently identified foci in *** importantly,although the classical form of BSE has proven transmissible to humans consuming contaminated beef or beef products,so far there have been no conclusive reports on the zoonotic transmission of cWD to *** underlying basis for these differences-whether host or agent directed-are not well understood,though may be due to inherent differences in the three-dimensional structure of the misfolded BSE or CWD prion proteins or the expression levels and tissue distribution of respective cellular prion *** the uncontrolled geographic spread of CWD,it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the factors governing prion disease pathogenesis,transmission,and zoonotic potential.

关键词： Prion Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission Pathogenesis Zoonosis

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