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Invasive weed disrupts facilitation of nutrient uptake in grass-clover assemblage

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 89-96页

作者： wei Zhang Rick Muir nicholas Dickinson Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Lincoln UniversityLincoln 7647New Zealand

Nutrient constraints in low-fertility soil were modified by different species ***-clover assemblages benefited both species in terms of nutrient *** of competition and facilitation is *** invasive weed removed essential nutrients from the grazing *** investigate the interplay of competition and facilitation between plants in low-fertility pasture grasslands of New Zealand,we compared nutrient uptake and acquisition of key nutrients of three species from different func-tional *** of Pilosella officinarum(mouse-eared hawk-weed,an invasive weed),Trifolium repens(white clover,a nitrogen fixer)and Dactylis glomerata(cocksfoot,a pasture grass)were planted into a soil with low-to-deficient concentrations of key *** yields were achieved by the grass growing alone but,when the clover and grass had grown together,there were complementary benefits in terms of procurement of a wide range of nutrients from soil despite lower root *** inva-sive weed negated these benefits,and soil nutrients were exploited less efficiently when Pilosella had grown alone or in a mixture with the other *** from the weed removed the benefits of grass-legume *** findings are interpreted to suggest that requirements for legumes to be the main source of nitrogen in pasture grasslands may be compromised unless competitive weeds are controlled to avoid disrupted procurement of key *** is likely these constraints to nutrient procurement would similarly impact conservation grasslands.

关键词： soil ferility facilitation species coexistence weed invasion legumes

Altered O-GlcNAcylation and mitochondrial dysfunction,a molecular link between brain glucose dysregulation and sporadic Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 779-783页

作者： chia-wei Huang nicholas C.Rust Hsueh-Fu Wu Gerald W.Hart Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Center for Molecular Medicine University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affected over 6.5 million people in the United States in 2021,with this number expected to double in the next 40 years without any sort of *** to its heterogeneity and complexity,the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease,especially sporadic Alzheimer’s disease,remains largely *** evidence suggests that brain glucose hypometabolism,preceding Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks,is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s ***,we discuss the potential causes of reduced glucose uptake and the mechanisms underlying glucose hypometabolism and Alzheimer’s disease ***,decreased O-Glc NAcylation levels by glucose deficiency alter mitochondrial functions and together contribute to Alzheimer’s disease *** major problem with Alzheimer’s disease research is that the disease progresses for several years before the onset of any symptoms,suggesting the critical need for appropriate models to study the molecular changes in the early phase of Alzheimer’s disease ***,this review also discusses current available sporadic Alzheimer’s disease models induced by metabolic abnormalities and provides novel directions for establishing a human neuronal sporadic Alzheimer’s disease model that better represents human sporadic Alzheimer’s disease as a metabolic disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta brain glucose deficiency glucose uptake hypometabolism mitochondrial dysfunction neurodegenerative disease neurons O-GlcNAc Tau

Synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)(Ln=Y,Tb-Yb)pyrochlores and uranyl sorption properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 22-32页

作者： Linggen Kong Inna Karatchevtseva Tao wei nicholas Scales Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Lucas Heights NSW2234Australia

Mesoporous structured metal oxides exhibit many active ***,the synthesis of crystalline metal oxides with a ternary composition while maintaining satisfactory pore features is ***,high temperatures are required which inhibit control of pore structure properties including surface area,pore volume,and pore ***,the synthesis of ternary metal oxides Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)pos-sessing pyrochlore crystal structure is achieved using a novel technique which combines‘soft’and hard colloid templating *** formed materials are of submicron size and composed of∼25-30 nm product‘building blocks’with good chemical and phase *** polycrystalline powders have a high specific surface area(up to 70 m^(2)·g^(-1))and pore volume(∼0.35 cm^(3)·g^(-1))which result in a good adsorp-tion capacity(U uptake closing to 60 mg·g^(-1)).Remarkably,the material exhibits a significant portion of mesopores(mainly 10-40 nm)which facilitate fast adsorption of the cations due to high *** synthetic methodology described herein produces highly homogenous powders and can be applied to other compositions and structures.

关键词： Porous ternary metal oxides Dual template synthesis Lanthanide titanate Pyrochlore Uranium adsorption

Signaling from T cell receptors (TCRs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第6期17卷 600-612页

作者： Ling Wu Qianru wei Joanna Brzostek nicholas R.J.Gascoigne Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Immunology Programme Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

T cells react to foreign or self-antigens through T cell receptor(TCR)*** decades of research have delineated the mechanism of TCR signal transduction and its impact on T cell *** knowledge provides the foundation for chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T cell)technology,by which T cells are redirected in a major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted *** and CAR signaling plays a critical role in determining the T cell state,including exhaustion and *** its artificial nature,CARs might affect or rewire signaling differently than TCRs.A better understanding of CAR signal transduction would greatly facilitate improvements to CAR-T cell technology and advance its usefulness in clinical ***,we systematically review the knowns and unknowns of TCR and CAR signaling,from the contact of receptors and antigens,proximal signaling,immunological synapse formation,and late signaling *** through different T cell subtypes and how signaling is translated into practice are also discussed.

关键词： CAR-T TCR Signaling T cell Immunological synapse

A Prospective Cohort Study of Antimony Exposure and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults—China,2017–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第23期6卷 537-541,I0001-I0007页

作者： Yidan Qiu Saisai Ji Chen Chen Jinhui Zhou Jun Wang Bing Wu Yuan wei Fangyu Li Xulin Zheng Lanjing Xu Zheng Zhang Feng Zhao Guangdi Chen John SJi Yuebin Lyu Shilu Tong Xiaoming Shi Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public HealthZhejiang UniversityHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Center for Global Health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchun CityJilin ProvinceChina School of Public Health China Medical UniversityShenyang CityLiaoning ProvinceChina Institute of Environmental Health School of Public Healthand Bioelectromagnetics LaboratorySchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Environmental Research Center Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan CityJiangsu ProvinceChina nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA School of Public Health Institute of Environment and Population HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei CityAnhui ProvinceChina School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia

What is already known about this topic?Antimony(Sb)has been identified as a new neurotoxicant that impacts neurological functions in animal ***,its effects on the human population remain *** is added by this report?The study reveals that there is an association between exposure to Sb and a higher incidence of cognitive impairment in older *** dose-response curve demonstrates that the risk of cognitive impairment consistently increased with higher levels of Sb exposure without a discernible *** are the implications for public health practice?Reducing exposure to Sb may have a beneficial effect in delaying or preventing the onset of cognitive *** intervention has the potential to significantly decrease the disease burden associated with cognitive impairment,ultimately contributing to social development.

关键词： Antimony development. exposure

Heterosis and combining ability evaluation for growth traits of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)when crossbreeding three strains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第9期59卷 857-864页

作者： wei Luo Cong Zeng Shaokui Yi nicholas Robinson weimin Wang Zexia Gao College of Fisheries Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Huazhong Agricultural University Nofima PO Box 5010 1432 s Norway Collaborative Innovation Center for Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture of Hubei Province

The blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)is a major aquaculture species in the Chinese freshwater polyculture *** this study,complete diallel crossing of three strains(i.e.,Liangzi[LZ],Poyang[PY]and Yuni[YN])was used to evaluate the combining ability and heterosis effect of intraspecific crossbreeding on the growth performance(i.e.,body weight,total length,body length,body height,and Fulton’s coefficient of condition).The offspring produced from the three strains were reared in a communal pond for 20 months,and nine microsatellites were used to assess their *** the749 offspring,708(94.53%)could be assigned directly to a single parental *** differences were observed in body weight(BW)among the different combinations,indicating that the combining ability of BW from each strain was significantly *** general combining ability(GCA)of BW from the sire was much higher than that from the *** GCA for the dam and sire of the LZ and YN were the largest and the smallest,*** special combining ability of YN$9 PY#was the largest,and YN$9 PY#showed significantly positive heterosis effects on all F1growth traits,except for Fulton’s condition coefficient(K)(P\0.05).In addition,significant positive linear correlations were found between the mean BW of corresponding progeny and the H E of the parental generation(y=600.7x-29.472,r=0.8651,P=0.0026),H O(y=1206.9x-518.14,r=0.7436,P=0.0216),and the polymorphism information content(y=1021.3x-331.31,r=0.8245,P=0.0063)as determined by a correlative *** findings obtained from the study will be important for future considerations of *** stock improvement programs.

关键词：杂种优势效应特殊配合力生长性状双列杂交团头鲂平均体重评价线性相关关系

Macroencapsulation Devices for Cell Therapy

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Engineering 2022年第6期8卷 53-70页

作者： wei Liu Yanfang Wang Jinqiang Wang Olivia LLanier Marissa EWechsler nicholas A.Peppas Zhen Gu Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Zhejiang Laboratory of Systems and Precision Medicine Zhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou 311121China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Macroencapsulation has been widely used in cell therapy due to its capability to provide immune-privileged sites for implanted allogeneic or xenogeneic *** also serves to provide mechanical and physiochemical support for maintaining cell expansion and promoting therapeutic *** devices such as membrane-controlled release systems,hydrogels,micronee-dle(MN)array patches,and three-dimensional(3D)stents have shown promising in-lab and preclinical results in the maintenance of long-term cell survival and the strengthening of treatment *** studies focus on expanding the applications of these devices to new cell-based areas such as chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell delivery,cardiovascular disease therapy,and the exploration of new materials,construction methods,and working principles to augment treatment efficacy and prolong therapy ***,we survey innovative platforms and approaches,as well as translation outcomes,for advancing the performance and applications of macrodevices for cell-based therapies.A discussion and critique regarding future opportunities and challenges is also provided.

关键词： Drug delivery Cell encapsulation Cell therapy Cell transplantation Biomedical devices

Geospatial Analytics for COVID-19 Active Case Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 835-848页

作者： Choo-Yee Ting Helmi Zakariah Fadzilah Kamaludin Darryl Lin-wei Cheng nicholas Yu-Zhe Tan Hui-Jia Yee Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia AIME Healthcare Sdn Bhd Kuala Lumpur59200Malaysia

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic started in Wuhan,China,much research work has been focusing on the clinical aspect of *** have been leveraging on various Artificial Intelligence techniques as an alternative to medical approach in understanding the *** studies have,however,reported on COVID-19 transmission pattern analysis,and using geography features for prediction of potential outbreak *** the next most probable outbreak site is crucial,particularly for optimizing the planning of medical personnel and supply *** tackle the challenge,this work proposed distance-based similarity measures to predict the next most probable outbreak site together with its magnitude,when would the outbreak likely to happen and the duration of the *** work began with preprocessing of 1365 patient records from six districts in the most populated state named Selangor in *** dataset was then aggregated with population density information and human elicited geography features that might promote the transmission of *** findings indicated that the proposed unified decision-making approach outperformed individual distance metric in predicting the total cases,next outbreak location,and the time interval between start dates of two similar *** findings provided valuable insights for policymakers to perform Active Case Detection.

关键词： COVID-19 geospatial analytics active case detection

Pan-retinal ganglion cell markers in mice, rats, and rhesus macaques

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Zoological Research 2023年第1期44卷 226-248页

作者： Francisco M.Nadal-Nicolás Caridad Galindo-Romero Fernando Lucas-Ruiz nicholas Marsh-Amstrong wei Li Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Pascual Parrilla(IMIB)Murcia 30120Spain Dpto.Oftalmología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaMurcia 30120Spain Retinal Neurophysiology Section National Eye InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMaryland 20892-2510USA Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95817USA

Univocal identification of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) is an essential prerequisite for studying their degeneration and neuroprotection. Before the advent of phenotypic markers, RGCs were normally identified using retrograde tracing of retinorecipient areas. This is an invasive technique, and its use is precluded in higher mammals such as monkeys. In the past decade, several RGC markers have been described. Here, we reviewed and analyzed the specificity of nine markers used to identify all or most RGCs, i.e., pan-RGC markers, in rats, mice, and macaques. The best markers in the three species in terms of specificity, proportion of RGCs labeled, and indicators of viability were BRN3A, expressed by vision-forming RGCs, and RBPMS, expressed by vision-and non-vision-forming RGCs. NEUN, often used to identify RGCs, was expressed by non-RGCs in the ganglion cell layer, and therefore was not RGC-specific. γ-SYN, TUJ1, and NF-L labeled the RGC axons, which impaired the detection of their somas in the central retina but would be good for studying RGC morphology. In rats, TUJ1 and NF-L were also expressed by non-RGCs. BM88, ERRβ,and PGP9.5 are rarely used as markers, but they identified most RGCs in the rats and macaques and ERRβ in mice. However, PGP9.5 was also expressed by non-RGCs in rats and macaques and BM88 and ERRβ were not suitable markers of viability.

关键词： RGC Optic nerve crush BM88 BRN3A Estrogen-related receptorβ ERRβ NEUN Neurofilament-L PGP9.5 RBPMS γ-SYN βIII-tubulin TUJ1