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Diagnosis of morbid obesity may not impact healthcare utilization for orthotopic liver transplantation:A propensity matched study

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World Journal of hepatology 2017年第12期9卷 595-602页

作者： Joshua R Peck nicholas Latchana Anthony michaels Adam J hanje Alice hinton Elmahdi A Elkhammas Sylvester m Black Khalid mumtaz Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutritionthe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Surgery the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Biostatistics the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

AIm To study mortality, length of stay, and total charges in morbidly obese adults during index hospitalization for orthotopic liver *** The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried to obtain demographics, healthcare utilization, post orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) complications, and short term outcomes of OLT performed from 2003 to 2011(n = 46509). We divided patients into those with [body mass index(BmI) ≥ 40] and without(BmI morbid obesity. multivariable logistic regression analysis was performedto characterize differences in in-hospital mortality, length of stay(LOS), and charges for OLT between patients with and without morbid obesity after adjusting for significant confounders. Additionally, propensity matching was performed to further validate the *** Of the 46509 patients who underwent OLT during the study period, 818(1.8%) were morbidly obese. morbidly obese recipients were more likely to be female(46.8% vs 33.4%, P = 0.002), Caucasian(75.2% vs 67.8%, P = 0.002), in the low national income quartile(32.3% vs 22.5%, P = 0.04), and have ≥ 3 comorbidities(modified Elixhauser index; 83.9% vs 45.0%, P morbidly obese patient also had an increase in procedure related hemorrhage(P = 0.028) and respiratory complications(P = 0.043). multivariate and propensity matched analysis showed no difference in mortality(OR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.27-1.84, P = 0.47), LOS(β:-4.44; 95%CI:-9.93, 1.05, P = 0.11) and charges for transplantation(β: $15693; 95%CI:-51622-83008, P = 0.64) between the two groups. morbidly obese patients were more likely to have transplants on weekdays(81.7%) as compared to those without morbid obesity(75.4%, P = 0.029).CONCLUSION morbid obesity may not impact in-hospital mortality and health care utilization in OLT recipients. however, morbidly obese patients may be selected after careful assessment of co-morbidities.

关键词： Deceased donors Outcome Complications Economics Selection criteria

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macroencapsulation Devices for Cell Therapy

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Engineering 2022年第6期8卷 53-70页

作者： Wei Liu Yanfang Wang Jinqiang Wang Olivia LLanier marissa EWechsler nicholas A.Peppas Zhen Gu Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA Division of molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Zhejiang Laboratory of Systems and Precision medicine Zhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou 311121China mOE Key Laboratory of macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

macroencapsulation has been widely used in cell therapy due to its capability to provide immune-privileged sites for implanted allogeneic or xenogeneic *** also serves to provide mechanical and physiochemical support for maintaining cell expansion and promoting therapeutic *** devices such as membrane-controlled release systems,hydrogels,micronee-dle(mN)array patches,and three-dimensional(3D)stents have shown promising in-lab and preclinical results in the maintenance of long-term cell survival and the strengthening of treatment *** studies focus on expanding the applications of these devices to new cell-based areas such as chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell delivery,cardiovascular disease therapy,and the exploration of new materials,construction methods,and working principles to augment treatment efficacy and prolong therapy ***,we survey innovative platforms and approaches,as well as translation outcomes,for advancing the performance and applications of macrodevices for cell-based therapies.A discussion and critique regarding future opportunities and challenges is also provided.

关键词： Drug delivery Cell encapsulation Cell therapy Cell transplantation Biomedical devices

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Additive manufacturing(3D printing)of electrically conductive polymers and polymer nanocomposites and their applications

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eScience 2022年第4期2卷 365-381页

作者： Kirstie R.Ryan michael P.Down nicholas J.hurst Edmund m.Keefe Craig E.Banks Faculty of Science and Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetManchesterM15GDUK

Additive manufacturing,or three-dimensional(3D)printing,offers a unique solution for fabricating complex geometries with high ***,many commercial additive manufacturing machines focus on the printing of polymers with limited ***,conductive polymers(CPs)can be processed to enable the additive manufacturing of conductive,low-density,and low-cost parts for a myriad of *** review summarizes the relevant achievements in the additive manufacturing of conductive polymers(CPs)and conductive polymer nanocomposites,with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of processing and printing these materials compared with alternative traditional manufacturing methods and their ***,the prospective applications of these additive manufacturing printed conductive materials are explored.

关键词： Conducting polymers Additive manufacturing Electrochemcial applications Supercapacitors Batteries

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An Overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder, heterogeneity and Treatment Options

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第2期33卷 183-193页

作者： Anne masi marilena m.De mayo nicholas Glozier Adam J.Guastella Autism Clinic for Translational Research Brain and Mind Centre Central Clinical School Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney

Since the documented observations of Kanner in1943, there has been great debate about the diagnoses, the sub-types, and the diagnostic threshold that relates to what is now known as autism spectrum disorder（ASD）.Re？ecting this complicated history, there has been continual re？nement from DSm-III with ‘Infantile Autism＇ to the current DSm-V diagnosis. The disorder is now widely accepted as a complex, pervasive, heterogeneous condition with multiple etiologies, sub-types, and developmental trajectories. Diagnosis remains based on observation of atypical behaviors, with criteria of persistent de？cits in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. This review provides a broad overview of the history, prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, and heterogeneity of ASD. Factors contributing to heterogeneity, including genetic variability, comorbidity, and gender are reviewed. We then explore current evidencebased pharmacological and behavioral treatments for ASD and highlight the complexities of conducting clinical trials that evaluate therapeutic ef？cacy in ASD ***, we discuss the potential of a new wave of research examining objective biomarkers to facilitate the evaluation of sub-typing, diagnosis, and treatment response in ASD.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis heterogeneity Treatment

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hidden risks associated with conventional short intermittent hemodialysis:A call for action to mitigate cardiovascular risk and morbidity

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World Journal of Nephrology 2022年第2期11卷 39-57页

作者： Bernard Canaud Jeroen P Kooman nicholas m Selby maarten Taal Andreas maierhofer Pascal Kopperschmidt Susan Francis Allan Collins Peter Kotanko Global medical Office Fresenius Medical CareBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Nephrology Montpellier UniversityMontpellier 34000France Department of Internal medicine Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6229 HXNetherlands Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation Academic Unit for Translational Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamDerby DE223DTUnited Kingdom Global Research Development Fresenius Medical CareSchweinfurt 97424Germany University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom Renal Research Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10065United States

The development of maintenance hemodialysis(hD)for end stage kidney disease patients is a success story that continues to save many ***,intermittent renal replacement therapy is also a source of recurrent stress for *** thrice weekly short hD is an imperfect treatment that only partially corrects uremic abnormalities,increases cardiovascular risk,and exacerbates disease *** cycles of fluid loading associated with cardiac stretching(interdialytic phase)and then fluid unloading(intradialytic phase)likely contribute to cardiac and vascular *** unphysiologic treatment profile combined with cyclic disturbances including osmotic and electrolytic shifts may contribute to morbidity in dialysis patients and augment the health burdenof treatment. As such, hD patients are exposed to multiple stressors including cardiocirculatory,inflammatory, biologic, hypoxemic, and nutritional. This cascade of events can be termed thedialysis stress storm and sickness syndrome. mitigating cardiovascular risk and morbidityassociated with conventional intermittent hD appears to be a priority for improving patientexperience and reducing disease burden. In this in-depth review, we summarize the hidden effectsof intermittent hD therapy, and call for action to improve delivered hD and develop treatmentschedules that are better tolerated and associated with fewer adverse effects.

关键词： End stage kidney disease Cardiovascular mortality Dialytic morbidity Circulatory stress Biologic storm Dialysis sickness Personalized medicine

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上皮生长因子对鼠肺细胞动力学的调节及其对放射保护的意义(Ⅰ)

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癌症 2003年第11期22卷 1127-1134页

作者：马骏 Andrew J.Doig Nalinin Patel 崔念基 nicholas h.A.Terry 中山大学肿瘤防治中心放射治疗科 Department of Exp Radiation Oncology M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterUniversity of TexasHoustonTexas77030-4095USA

背景与目的:上皮生长因子(keratinocyte growth factor,KGF)引起肺Ⅱ型细胞增殖,并保护肺免受外界多种刺激。以往,对慢反应正常肺组织的动力学参数难以测定,然而,近年来发展的技术使得准确测定正常组织细胞动力学指标成为可能。BrdUrd... 详细信息

背景与目的:上皮生长因子(keratinocyte growth factor,KGF)引起肺Ⅱ型细胞增殖,并保护肺免受外界多种刺激。以往,对慢反应正常肺组织的动力学参数难以测定,然而,近年来发展的技术使得准确测定正常组织细胞动力学指标成为可能。BrdUrd掺入DNA后,用流式细胞仪分析可测定组织中细胞的增殖状况,本研究的目的是采用上皮生长因子刺激后,探讨鼠肺正常组织细胞增殖动力学改变的情况。方法:采用KGF(5 mg/kg)或生理盐水C_3hf/Kam小鼠气管内注射,并分别在0,1,2,3,4,5,及7天予以处死,处死前20分钟或6小时,腹腔内给予BrdUrd(60 mg/kg),肺组织切下后,固定于60％酒精,经消化处理形成单个细胞核,在流式细胞仪分析前行BrdUrd及总DNA含量标记染色,计算出标记指数(LI),细胞S期时间(Ts)及倍增时间(T_(pot))等细胞动力学参数;免疫荧光染色技术用于鉴定增殖细胞的类型。结果:(1)建立了上皮生长因子(5 mg/kg)刺激肺Ⅱ型细胞增殖的方法及气管内给药的途径;(2)肺组织LI由正常值0.5％升至给药后第三天的5.5％,第七天回至正常;(3)细胞T_(pot)由75.5天降至4.7天;生理盐水治疗组增殖参数没有变化。结论:上皮生长因子可引起肺Ⅱ型细胞的增殖,主要表现为LI的升高及T_(pot)降低。这种增殖效应短暂,第七天回至正常。

关键词：上皮生长因子鼠肺细胞动力学放射治疗保护作用气管内给药

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Software for automated classification of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy videos of colorectal polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第39期18卷 5560-5569页

作者： Barbara André Tom Vercauteren Anna m Buchner murli Krishna nicholas Ayache michael B Wallace Image Computing Group Mauna Kea Technologies75010 ParisFrance Asclepios Research Team The National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control Sophia Antipolis06902 Sophia AntipolisFrance Division of Gastroenterology Hospital of theUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Laboratory medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States

AIm:To support probe-based confocal laser endomi-croscopy (pCLE) diagnosis by designing software for the automated classification of colonic polyps. mEThODS:Intravenous fluorescein pCLE imaging of colorectal lesions was performed on patients under-going screening and surveillance colonoscopies, followed by polypectomies. All resected specimens were reviewed by a reference gastrointestinal pathologist blinded to pCLE information. histopathology was used as the criterion standard for the differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. The pCLE video sequences, recorded for each polyp, were analyzed off-line by 2 expert endoscopists who were blinded to the endoscopic characteristics and histopathology. These pCLE videos, along with their histopathology diagnosis, were used to train the automated classification software which is a content-based image retrieval technique followed by k-nearest neighbor classification. The performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists was compared with that of automated pCLE software classification. All evaluations were performed using leave-one-patient- out cross-validation to avoid bias. RESULTS:Colorectal lesions (135) were imaged in 71 patients. Based on histopathology, 93 of these 135 lesions were neoplastic and 42 were non-neoplastic. The study found no statistical significance for the difference between the performance of automated pCLE software classification (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 92.5%, specificity 83.3%, using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation) and the performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 91.4%, specificity 85.7%). There was very low power (he observed differences. The 95% confidence intervals for equivalence testing were:-0.073 to 0.073 for accuracy, -0.068 to 0.089 for sensitivity and -0.18 to 0.13 for specificity. The classification software proposed i

关键词： Colorectal neoplasia Computer-aided diag-nosis Content-based image retrieval Nearest neigh-bor classification software Probe-based confocal laserendomicroscopy

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A failure criterion for shale considering the anisotropy and hydration based on the shear slide failure model

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2023年第4期33卷 447-462页

作者： Qiangui Zhang Bowei Yao Xiangyu Fan Yong Li nicholas Fantuzzi Tianshou ma Yufei Chen Feitao Zeng Xing Li Lizhi Wang Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Department of Civil Geological and Mining EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique de MontréalMontreal H3T 1J4Canada State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China State Key Laboratory of Coal mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Civil ChemicalEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBologna 40136Italy Department of Civil and mineral Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S 1A4Canada

A failure criterion fully considering the anisotropy and hydration of shale is essential for shale formation stability ***,a novel failure criterion for hydration shale is developed by using Jaeger’s shear failure criterion to describe the anisotropy and using the shear strength reduction caused by clay minerals hydration to evaluate the *** failure criterion is defined with four parameters in Jaeger’s shear failure criterion(S_(1),S_(2),a andφ),three hydration parameters(k,ω_(sh)andσ_(s))and two material size parameters(d and l0).The physical meanings and determining procedures of these parameters are *** accuracy and applicability of this failure criterion are examined using the published experimental data,showing a cohesive agreement between the predicted values and the testing results,R^(2)=0.916 and AAREP(average absolute relative error percentage)of 9.260%.The error(|D_(p)|)is then discussed considering the effects ofβ(angle between bedding plane versus axial loading),moisture content and confining pressure,presenting that|Dp|increases whenβis closer to 30°,and|D_(p)|decreases with decreasing moisture content and with increasing confining ***,|D_(p)|is demonstrated as being sensitive to S1and being steady with decrease in the data set whenβis 0°,30°,45°and 90°.

关键词： Shale Failure criterion mechanical strength Shear slide failure Anisotropy hydration

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muscle-fiber array inspired, multiple-mode, pneumatic artificial muscles through planar design and one-step rolling fabrication

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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 68-78页

作者： Jiang Zou miao Feng Ningyuan Ding Peinan Yan haipeng Xu Dezhi Yang nicholas X.Fang Guoying Gu Xiangyang Zhu State Key Laboratory of mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Advances in development of artificial muscles have enabled creation of soft robots with biological dexterity and self-adaption in unstructured environments; however, production of scalable artificial muscles with multiple-mode actuations remains elusive. Inspired by muscle-fiber arrays in muscular hydrostats, we present a class of versatile artificial muscles called mAIPAms(muscle-fiber array inspired pneumatic artificial muscles), capable of multiple-mode actuations(such as parallel elongation-bending-spiraling actuations, 10 parallel bending actuations and cascaded elongation-bending-spiraling actuations). Our mAIPAms consist of active 3 D elastomer-balloon arrays reinforced by a passive elastomer membrane,achieved through a planar design and one-step rolling fabrication approach. We introduce prototypical designs for the mAIPAms and demonstrate their muscle-mimic structures and versatility, as well as their scalable ability to integrate flexible but non-stretchable layers for contraction and twisting actuation modes and compliant electrodes for self-sensing. We further demonstrate that this class of artificial muscles shows potential for versatile robotic applications, such as carrying a camera for recording videos, gripping or manipulating objects, and climbing a pipe-line.

关键词： soft robotics pneumatic artificial muscles multiple-mode actuations bio-inspired design

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Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3242-3282页

作者： Duc m.hoang Phuong T.Pham Trung Q.Bach Anh T.L.Ngo Quyen T.Nguyen Trang T.K.Phan Giang h.Nguyen Phuong T.T.Le Van T.hoang nicholas R.Forsyth michael heke Liem Thanh Nguyen Department of Research and Development Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene TechnologyVinmec Healthcare SystemHanoiVietnam Department of Cellular Therapy Vinmec High.Tech CenterVinmec Healthcare SsystemHanoiVietnam Institute for Science&Technology in medicine Keele UniversityKeeleUK a Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA

Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be *** cell-based therapy,including human pluripotent stem cells(hPsCs)and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells(mSCs),has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative *** are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body,including three germ *** are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability(limited in vitro)and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages,according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy(ISCT).This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or mSCs derived from bone marrow(Bm),adipose tissue(AT),or the umbilical cord(UC)for the treatment of human diseases,including neurological disorders,pulmonary dysfunctions,metabolic/endocrine-related diseases,reproductive disorders,skin burns,and cardiovascular ***,we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using msCs in a clinical setting,and we propose and discuss the mSC tissue origin concept and how mSC origin may contribute to the role of mSCs in downstream applications,with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical *** mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that Bm-mSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment,AT-mSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration,and UC-msCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress svndrometreatment.

关键词： diseases distress treatment

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