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Males as Partners in Family Planning Service Uptake in Ghana: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey

Health 2019年第8期11卷 1043-1054页

作者： Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah Francis Adjei Osei nicholas karikari mensah Patrick Lebene Adonoo Abdul Ganiu Tanko Phans Oduro Sarpong Department of Sociology and Social Work Kwame Nkrumah University of Science Technology Kumasi Ghana Ludwig-Maximilians Universitate LMU-Centre for International Health-University of Munich Munchen Germany Public Health Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana School of Government Sun Yat-Sen University of Guangzhou Guangzhou China Department of Planning Kwame Nkrumah University Science Technology Kumasi Ghana Research and Development Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Family planning is an efficient and effective intervention that results in quick benefits for the whole family socio-economically. Differences exist in the rate of contraceptive use between male and female and male involvement of service uptake in Ghana. The objective of this study was to explore male direct involvement and or support to their partners in family planning service uptake. Methods: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional survey to sample 384 men of reproductive age (18 - 45 year) using cluster sampling to enlist participants from within the Suame Magazine light Industrial area in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Data was analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 16. Results: Men showed very high knowledge (90%) about what constitutes Family Planning, with moderate level of involvement both active and passive involvement (56%) though only a few (38.9%) were presently adopting or using modern contraceptive. The study rather found only 14% (55) males were willing to be solely responsible and actively involved in Family Planning service. Family Planning services did not adequately meet the needs of men with the services centers remaining unavailable in the study area. Conclusion: The extent of male involvement in family planning programmes is marginally above average. Males showed appreciable knowledge of family planning options though misconceptions continued to exist. A more couple-oriented approach to family planning is needed including recruiting males as family planning providers, offering more family planning counseling for couples, and promoting female-oriented methods with men and vice versa.

关键词： Family Planning Information Sharing Attitude Knowledge Contraceptives Utilization Ghana

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Designing a Need Based Social Protection Intervention Package for Children and Adolescents Living with HIV and AIDS in Ghana—An Eclectic Perspective on Desired Social Protection Intervention Package/Framework

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Health 2019年第10期11卷 1396-1413页

作者： Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah Adeyemi Olu Adekunle Adesina Oladokun Jonathan mensah Dapaah karikari mensah nicholas Pan African University Institute of Life and Earth Sciences Including Health and Agriculture University of Ibadan (PAULESI) Ibadan Nigeria Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences Kumasi College of Humanities and Social Science Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Public Health Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.

Background: Designing a need-based social protection intervention for children comes as comprehensive tool for addressing the overall quality of life of HIV positive children. Not much has been examined on what constitute the desired social protection framework for HIV positive children. Methods: This study was informed by a qualitative descriptive exploratory design approach. The study drew insights from the shared perspectives of 27 participants sampled from positive HIV status disclosed children—10 - 17 years, healthcare workers, Social and Development worker, HIV positive caregivers and parents from 7 ART clinics in rural and urban Brong Ahafo and Ashanti regions of Ghana. Data was collected through interviews and two focus group discussions with study participants. Drawing on the emerged themes from the transcripts, thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data using comparative thematic framework approach. Findings: The eclectic perspectives on the type of social protection policy/intervention preferred demonstrated the need for an interrelated and integrated social protection policy. This should not be designed in isolation towards addressing the child vulnerability. The study found that social protection policies aimed at addressing vulnerability levels of children should consider the dual vulnerability situation within which HIV positive children and adolescents are located. A set of unique specific tailored approach and package reflecting minimum combination social protection package to HIV positive children was considered essential for inclusion. The themes that emerged covered social policy/intervention package inclusive of a disease ending/eradication intervention package, cash transfer for children and their caregivers, free comprehensive health insurance integrating all consultancy and laboratory services charges, direct food supplements supply and nutritional support, research, target specified with evidenced-based monitoring. Counseling sup

关键词： Social Protection HIV and AIDS Infected Children Adolescent’s Intervention Ghana

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Parental Disclosure of Own HIV Status to Children in Two Ghanaian Regions;Examining the Determinants within a Child Vulnerability Context

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Health 2019年第10期11卷 1347-1366页

作者： Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah Adeyemi Olu Adekunle Adesina Oladokun Jonathan mensah Dapaah karikari mensah nicholas Pan African University Institute of Life and Earth Sciences Including Health and Agriculture University of Ibadan (PAULESI) Ibadan Nigeria Department of Sociology and Social Work Faculty of Social Sciences Kumasi College of Humanities and Social Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University College Hospital University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Public Health Unit Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.

Purpose: Parent informing children and adolescents about their own HIV infection status is crucial for harmonious and interfamilial relationship despite the associated dilemma. This study assessed the factors associated with parental disclosure of own HIV status to their biological children. Methods: The facility based cross-sectional design approach informed the recruitment of 192 HIV positive parents. This was done through a two-stage stratified (rural/urban) and random sampling technique across 7 ART clinics and hospitals in the Ashanti and Brong Ahafo regions in Ghana between June 2018 and June 2019. Data was collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Parental disclosure to children was defined as parent own verbal statement of having mentioned HIV or AIDS as the name of his/her illness to at least one of his or her biological children. The study compared weighted proportions for variables measured categorically by the use of chi-square (χ2) significant at P Results: Of the 192 HIV positive parents aged 20 to 64 years (M, SD = 38.56, 8.34), 89.1% were females, averagely having 3 children with 89.5% having only one child being HIV positive, out of which one in every four parent was without formal education. Parental disclosure to biological children was 11% while parental own status disclosure to any child under the parent’s care was 14.6%. Parental disclosure was associated with being married or living with a sexual partner (OR = 3.4;95% CI: 1.08 - 10.66, P Conclusions: Only a tenth of all HIV positive parents had told their children about their own (parents) HIV status. Parental disclosure should be encouraged and interventions designed to improve it particularly as they contribute to shaping the vulnerability context of HIV and AIDS positive children.

关键词： HIV and AIDS Parental Children and Adolescents Disclosure Vulnerability Ghana

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Evaluation of Fuel Properties of Six Tropical Hardwood Timber Species for Briquettes

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第1期4卷 1-9页

作者： Stephen J. Mitchual Kwasi Frimpong-mensah nicholas A. Darkwa Department of Construction and Wood Technology Education University of Education Winneba Kumasi Campus Kumasi Ghana Department of Wood Science and Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The fuel potential of six tropical hardwood species namely: Triplochiton scleroxylon, Ceiba pentandra, Aningeria robusta, Terminalia superba, Celtis mildbreadii and Piptadenia africana were studied. Properties studied included species density, gross calorific value, volatile matter, ash content, organic carbon and elemental composition. Fuel properties were determined using standard laboratory methods. The result indicates that the gross calorific value (GCV) of the species ranged from 20.16 to 22.22 MJ/kg and they slightly varied from each other. Additionally, the GCV of the biomass materials were higher than that of other biomass materials like;wheat straw, rice straw, maize straw and sugar cane. The ash and volatile matter content varied from 0.6075 to 5.0407%, and 75.23% to 83.70% respectively. The overall rating of the properties of the six biomass materials suggested that Piptadenia africana has the best fuel property to be used as briquettes and Aningeria robusta the worse. This study therefore suggests that a holistic assessment of a biomass material needs to be done before selecting it for fuel purpose.

关键词： Ash Content Briquette Calorific Value Elemental Composition Species Volatile Matter

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Relationship between Physico-Mechanical Properties, Compacting Pressure and Mixing Proportion of Briquettes Produced from Maize Cobs and Sawdust

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第1期4卷 50-60页

This study examined the relationship between selected physico-mechanical properties, compacting pressure and mixing proportion of briquettes produced from combination of maize cob particles and sawdust of low, medium and high density timber species. Particle sizes of maize cobs and sawdust used for the study were ≤1 mm. The two materials were combined at mixing percentages of 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50 (Sawdust:maize cobs). Briquettes were produced at room temperature (28°C) using compacting pressures 20, 30, 40 and 50 MPa. The results suggested that combining maize cob particles with sawdust of low, medium and high density wood species could significantly enhance the relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from agricultural biomass residue like maize cobs. The results further indicated that the physical and mechanical characteristics of briquettes produced from combinations of sawdust of low density species and maize cobs were exceptionally higher than that produced from combinations of maize cob particles, and medium density and high density timber species. The R2 values for the regression model between the independent variables (mixing percentage and compacting pressure) and relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from combinations of maize cob particles and sawdust of low density species (Ceiba pentandra) were 0.966, 0.932 and 0.710 respectively. This study provides a hope for briquetting maize cobs at room temperature using a low compacting pressure.

关键词： Briquette Compacting Pressure Maize Cobs Mixing Proportions Physico-Mechanical Properties Sawdust

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