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Isolation and Molecular Characterization of <i>Mycoplasma mycoides</i>Subspecie <i>mycoides</i>in 3 Agro Ecological Zones of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第2期10卷 15-26页

作者： Livinus Terhemba Ikpa Dauda Garba Bwala Paul Idoko Ankeli Adamu Ahmad Kaikabo Mugla Salma Maichibi Issa Atanda Maurina Jerry Ngutor Abenga nicholas douglas nwankpa Mohammed Ignatius Adah Mycoplasma Research Laboratory National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Jos-South Nigeria Bacterial Research Division National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Jos-South Nigeria Biochemistry Department National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Jos-South Nigeria Pathology Department College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria PANVAC African Union Addis Ababa Ethiopia Veterinary Medicine Department College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is a disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecie mycoides, a transboundary animal disease causing serious devastation to cattle producers in Africa. The study was designed to identify and characterize the pathogenic member of mycoplasma cluster the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecie mycoides (Mmm) isolated from cattle infected with the disease. Three hundred (300) samples of nasal swabs and pleural fluid from cattle showing signs of CBPP were analyzed using culture and biochemical identification techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers to determine the prevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Isolation recorded a prevalence of 4% and PCR recorded a prevalence of 67.7%. Isolates subjected to PCR analysis produced an amplicon size of 548 bp and 1.1 k bp respectively for the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster and Mycoplasma mycoides subspecie mycoides. Sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene blast search revealed 96% to 99% sequence homology of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecie mycoides compared with 14 available sequences in the gen bank at NCBI. Based on this investigation mass vaccination of cattle is recommended, isolation and PCR techniques could be used as diagnostic tools for CBPP disease in three agro ecological zones of Nasarawa state, Nigeria.

关键词： Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplicon Size Specific Primer Sequence Homology Mycoplasma mycoides

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Simulated MRI Artifacts:Testing Machine Learning Failure Modes

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 437-452页

作者： nicholas C.Wang douglas C.Noll Ashok Srinivasan Johann Gagnon-Bartsch Michelle M.Kim Arvind Rao Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of MichiganUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganUSA Department of Radiology University of MichiganUSA Department of Radiology Division of NeuroradiologyUniversity of MichiganUSA Rogel Cancer Center University of MichiganUSA Frankel Cardiovascular Center University of MichiganUSA Department of Statistics University of MichiganUSA Department of Radiation Oncology University of MichiganUSA

*** types of MRI artifacts,including acquisition and preprocessing errors,were simulated to test a machine learning brain tumor segmentation model for potential failure ***-world medical deployments of machine learning algorithms are less common than the number of medical research papers using machine *** of the gap between the performance of models in research and deployment comes from a lack of hard test cases in the data used to train a *** failure modes were simulated for a pretrained brain tumor segmentation model that utilizes standard MRI and used to evaluate the performance of the model under *** simulated MRI artifacts consisted of motion,susceptibility induced signal loss,aliasing,field inhomogeneity,sequence mislabeling,sequence misalignment,and skull stripping *** artifact with the largest effect was the simplest,sequence mislabeling,though motion,field inhomogeneity,and sequence misalignment also caused significant performance *** model was most susceptible to artifacts affecting the FLAIR(fluid attenuation inversion recovery)***,these simulated artifacts could be used to test other brain MRI models,but this approach could be used across medical imaging applications.

关键词： utilize stripping susceptibility

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稳定与不稳定平台训练对平衡扰动下运动员站姿调控的影响（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 70-76页

作者： D.S.Blaise Williams Ⅲ nicholas G.Murray douglas W.Powell Department of Physical Therapy Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284 USA Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology Georgia Southern University Statesboro GA 30458 USA Department of Physical Therapy College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences Campbell University Buies Creek NC 27506 USA Department of Physiology School of Osteopathic Medicine Campbell University Buies Creek NC 27506 USA

Background:Athletes have been shown to exhibit better balance compared to non-athletes(NON).However,few studies have investigated how the surface on which athletes train affects the strategies adopted to maintain *** distinct athlete groups who experience different types of sport-specific balance training are stable surface athletes(SSA) such as basketball players and those who train on unstable surfaces(USA) such as *** purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training surface on dynamic balance in athletes compared to ***:Eight NON,eight SSA,and eight USA performed five 20-s trials in each of five experimental conditions including a static condition and four dynamic conditions in which the support surface translated in the anteroposterior(AP) or mediolateral(ML) planes using positive or negative feedback *** entropy(Ap En) and root mean square distance(RMS) of the center of pressure(Co P) were calculated for the AP and ML *** 3 × 5(group × condition) repeated measures ANOVAs were used to determine significant effects of group and condition on variables of ***:USA exhibited smaller Ap En values than SSA in the AP signals while no significant differences were observed in the ML Co P ***,the negative feedback conditions were associated with significantly greater RMS values than the positive feedback ***:USA exhibit unique postural strategies compared to *** unique strategies seemingly exhibit a direction-specific attribute and may be associated with divergent motor control strategies.

关键词：平衡稳定运动员控制策略不稳定表面姿势扰动专项训练

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Risk of complications and urinary incontinence following cytoreductive prostatectomy： a multi-institutional study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 9-14页

作者： Dae Keun Kim Jaspreet Singh Parihar Young Suk Kwon Sinae Kim Brian Shinder Nara Lee nicholas Farber Thomas Ahlering douglas Skarecky Bertram Yuh Nora Ruel Wun-lae Kim Koon Ho Rha Isaac Yi Kim Department of Urology CHA Seoul Station Medical Center CHA University CHA Medical School Seou104637 Korea Department of Urology School of Medicine Graduate School Hanyang University Seou104763 Korea Section of Urologic Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Division of Urology Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick 08901 USA Department of Biostatistics Rutgers School of Public Health The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ Piscataway 08854 USA Department of Internal Medicine Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick 08901 USA Department of Urology University of California Irvine School of Medicine Orange 92687 USA Division of Urology and UroLogic Oncology City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte 91010 USA Department of Urology Chungbuk National University College of Medicine Cheongju 28644 Korea Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute College of Medicine Yonsei University Seou103722. Korea

Emerging evidence has suggested that cytoreductive prostatectomy （CRP） allows superior oncologic control when compared to current standard of care androgen deprivation therapy alone. However, the safety and benefit of cytoreduction in metastatic prostate cancer （mPCa） has not been proven. Therefore, we evaluated the incidence of complications following CRP in men newly diagnosed with mPCa. A total of 68 patients who underwent CRP from 2006 to 2014 at four tertiary surgical centers were compared to 598 men who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer （PCa）. Urinary incontinence was defined as the use of any pad. CRP had longer operative times （200 min vs 140 min, P 〈 0.0001） and higher estimated blood loss （250 ml vs 125 ml, P 〈 0.0001） compared to the control group. However, both overall （8.82% vs 5.85%） and major complication rates （4.41% vs 2.17%） were comparable between the two groups. Importantly, urinary incontinence rate at 1-year after surgery was significantly higher in the CRP group （57.4% vs 90.8%, P 〈 0.0001）. Univariate logistic analysis showed that the estimated blood loss was the only independent predictor of perioperative complications both in the unadjusted model （OR： 1.18; 95% Ch 1.02-1.37; P= 0.025） and surgery type-adjusted model （OR： 1.17; 95% Ch 1.01-1.36; P= 0.034）. In conclusion, CRP is more challenging than radical prostatectomy and associated with a notably higher incidence of urinary incontinence. Nevertheless, CRP is a technically feasible and safe surgery for selecting PCa patients who present with node-positive or bony metastasis when performed by experienced surgeons. A prospective, multi-institutional clinical trial is currently underway to verify this concept.

关键词： cytoreductive surgical procedures metastatic prostate cancer outcome radical prostatectomy

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Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： Colin J Ferster JA (Tony) Trofymow nicholas C Coops Baozhang Chen Thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest Resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, Results： The closest convergence among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry Remote sensing Geographic information systems

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Lineage relationship of CD8^＋ T cell subsets is revealed by progressive changes in the epigenetic landscape

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第4期13卷 502-513页

作者： Joseph G. Crompton Manikandan Narayanan Suresh Cuddapah Rahul Roychoudhuri Yun Ji Wenjing Yang Shashank J. Patel Madhusudhanan Sukumar douglas C. Palmer Weiqun Peng Ena Wang Francesco M. Marincola Christopher A. Klebanoff Keji Zhao John S. Tsang Luca Gatt-inoni nicholas P. Restifo Surgery Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of Cam bridge Cambridge CB20XY UK Systems Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit Laboratory of Systems Biology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Department of Environmental Medicine New York University School of Medicine Tuxedo NY 10987 USA Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Department of Physics The George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Research Branch Sidra Medical and Research Centre Doha Qatar Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section Department of Transfusion Medicine Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Clinical Investigator Development Program NCI/NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA Systems Biology Center National Heart Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington. DC 20007. United States. Bethesda. MD 20892. USA.

To better elucidate epigenetic mechanisms that correlate with the dynamic gene expression program observed upon T-cell differentiation, we investigated the genomic landscape of histone modifications in naive and memory CD8＋ T cells. Using a ChlP-Seq approach coupled with global gene expression profiling, we generated genome-wide histone H3 lysine 4 （H3K4me3） and H3 lysine 27 （H3K27me3） trimethylation maps in naive, T memory stem cells, central memory cells, and effector memory cells in order to gain insight into how histone architecture is remodeled during T cell differentiation. We show that H3K4me3 histone modifications are associated with activation of genes, while H3K27me3 is negatively correlated with gene expression at canonical loci and enhancers associated with T-cell metabolism, effector function, and memory. Our results also reveal histone modifications and gene expression signatures that distinguish the recently identified T memory stem cells from other CD8＋ T-cell subsets. Taken together, our results suggest that CD8＋ lymphocytes undergo chromatin remodeling in a progressive fashion. These findings have major implications for our understanding of peripheral T-cell ontogeny and the formation of immunological memory.

关键词： TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR STEM-CELLS MEMORY EFFECTOR DIFFERENTIATION BET FATE LYMPHOCYTES MAINTENANCE GENERATION

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我国海岸带保护存在关键大型野生动物空缺

我国海岸带保护存在关键大型野生动物空缺

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第十六届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会

作者：李心诚王翰臣 douglas J.McCauley Andrew H.Altieri Brian R.Silliman Jonathan S.Lefcheck 吴纪华李博贺强 School of Life Sciences Fudan University Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences University of Florida nicholas School of the Environment Duke University University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science College of Ecology Lanzhou University School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University

盐沼、红树林、海草床等海岸带生态系统在渔业资源供给、碳汇等方面具有极高的生态服务功能,但由于地处人口经济高度密集的海岸带区域,人类活动干扰也尤为强烈。保护修复海岸带生态系统对生态文明建设和实现联合国可持续发展目标具有重...

盐沼、红树林、海草床等海岸带生态系统在渔业资源供给、碳汇等方面具有极高的生态服务功能,但由于地处人口经济高度密集的海岸带区域,人类活动干扰也尤为强烈。保护修复海岸带生态系统对生态文明建设和实现联合国可持续发展目标具有重要意义。当前,保护修复海岸带生态系统正在快速推进。虽然大型野生动物往往在调控生态系统结构和功能中发挥关键作用,但海岸带保护修复对大型野生动物的涵括在全球许多国家均仍不明确。本研究以中国为例,系统分析了海岸带大型野生动物的多样性及保护状况。研究首先基于多源数据,构建了我国大陆海岸带大型野生动物数据集,分析了其多样性及在不同类型海岸带生态系统中的分布特征。研究发现,我国盐沼、红树林、海草床、珊瑚礁、河口、近海水域等海岸带生态系统是众多大型野生动物的栖息生境,现存最大体重超过10千克的野生动物218种,超过45千克的野生动物120种,全生活史周期均以海岸带为主要生境的海岸带特有大型野生动物96种。通过分析受胁状况并构建大型野生动物功能多样性区域格局,研究还发现,在上述218种海岸带大型野生动物中,78%的灭绝风险尚未在中国生物多样性红色名录中得到评估,这些大多为海岸带特有物种和海岸带/远洋共有物种;已评估的物种在中国的濒危等级普遍高于世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录中评定的全球濒危等级;除中华鲟、中华白海豚、儒艮等明星物种外,73%的物种尚未被列入国家重点保护动物名录;超过90%的保护优先生境尚未被纳入我国海岸带/海洋保护地体系。研究进一步提出,纳入大型野生动物将从立法与激励措施、保护地设计与管理、修复工程设计与评估等多个方面提升海岸带生态系统保护修复成效。该研究可为进一步提升我国海岸带海洋生态保护修复提供新思路,也可为昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架中海岸带保护与修复目标的实现提供科学支撑。

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Nature：死亡的肿瘤细胞释放出胞内钾离子来阻断免疫系统

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现代生物医学进展 2016年第31期16卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Robert Eil, Suman K. Vodnala, David Clever, Christopher A. Klebanoff, Madhusudhanan Sukumar, Jenny H. Pan, douglas C. Palmer, Alena Gros, Tori N. Yamamoto, Shashank J. Patel, Geoffrey C. Guittard, Zhiya Yu, David S. Schrump, W. Marston Linehan, nicholas P. Restifo Christopher A. Klebanoff Valentina Carbonaro, Klaus Okkenhaug, Rahul Roychoudhuri National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda Maryland 20892 USA Center for Cell Engineering and Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York 10065 USA Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development The Babraham Institute Cambridge CB22 3AT UK

在一项新的研究中。来自美国国家癌症研究所和英国巴布拉汉研究所的研究人员发现当肿瘤组织死亡时从它当中泄露出来的一种无机离子起着阻止抗肿瘤免疫细胞发挥功能的作用。这一发现为开发调动免疫系统抵抗癌症的疗法提供一种新的方法。... 详细信息

在一项新的研究中。来自美国国家癌症研究所和英国巴布拉汉研究所的研究人员发现当肿瘤组织死亡时从它当中泄露出来的一种无机离子起着阻止抗肿瘤免疫细胞发挥功能的作用。这一发现为开发调动免疫系统抵抗癌症的疗法提供一种新的方法。相关研究结果在线发表在Nature期刊上。

关键词：免疫系统肿瘤细胞死亡钾离子免疫细胞无机离子肿瘤组织研究人员

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