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Surgical reconstruction of spinal cord circuit provides functional return in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 1960-1963页

作者： Thomas Carlstedt nicholas James Marten Risling The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases King's College London Department of Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet

This mini review describes the current surgical strategy for restoring function after traumatic spinal nerve root avulsion in brachial or lumbosacral plexus injury in man. As this lesion is a spinal cord or central nervous injury functional return depends on spinal cord nerve cell growth within the central nervous system. Basic science, clinical research and human application has demonstrated good and useful motor function after ventral root avulsion followed by spinal cord reimplantation. Recently, sensory return could be demonstrated following spinal cord surgery bypassing the injured primary sensory neuron. Experimental data showed that most of the recovery depended on new growth reinnervating peripheral receptors. Restored sensory function and the return of spinal reflex was demonstrated by electrophysiology and functional magnetic resonance imaging of human cortex. This spinal cord surgery is a unique treatment of central nervous system injury resulting in useful functional return. Further improvements will not depend on surgical improvements. Adjuvant therapy aiming at ameliorating the activity in retinoic acid elements in dorsal root ganglion neurons could be a new therapeutic avenue in restoring spinal cord circuits after nerve root avulsion injury.

关键词： plexus injury root avulsion spinal cord surgery motor sensory recovery adjuvant therapy

Plasma miRNA expression profile in the diagnosis o＇ late-onset hypogonadism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 713-715页

作者： nicholas Russell Mathis Grossmann University of Melbourne Department ofMedicine (Austin Health) Level 7 Lance TownsendBuilding 145 Studley Road Heidelberg Victoria3084 Australia.

Researchers reporting in the Nature journal Scientific Reports haveused next generation sequencing and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR （RT-PCR） technology to profile plasma microRNA （miRNA） expression in cohorts of men with and without late-onset hypogonadism （LOH）. The study proposes a panel of three miRNAs as novel biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of LOH.

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Single and multiplexed gene repression in solventogenic Clostridium via Cas12a-based CRISPR interference

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2023年第1期8卷 148-156页

作者： Rochelle Carla Joseph nicholas R.Sandoval Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70118United States

The Gram-positive,spore-forming,obligate anaerobic firmicute species that make up the Clostridium genus have broad feedstock consumption capabilities and produce value-added metabolic products,but genetic manipulation is difficult,limiting their broad ***-Cas systems have recently been applied to Clostridium species,primarily using Cas9 as a counterselection marker in conjunction with plasmid-based homologous *** interference is a method that reduces gene expression of specific genes via precision targeting of a nuclease deficient Cas effector ***,we develop a dCas12a-based CRISPR interference system for transcriptional gene repression in multiple mesophilic Clostridium *** show the Francisella novicida Cas12a-based system has a broader applicability due to the low GC content in Clostridium species compared to CRISPR Cas systems derived from other *** demonstrate>99%reduction in transcript levels of targeted genes in Clostridium acetobutylicum and>75%reduction in Clostridium *** also demonstrate multiplexed repression via use of a single synthetic CRISPR array,achieving 99%reduction in targeted gene expression and elucidating a unique metabolic profile for their reduced ***,this work builds a foundation for high throughput genetic screens without genetic editing,a key limitation in current screening methods used in the Clostridium community.

关键词： CRISPR Cas12a Clostridium CRISPRi

Investigations for the assessment of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with supraventricular tachycardia

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第1期11卷 54-59页

作者： Harith Fernando nicholas Adams Biswadev Mitra Emergency and Trauma Centre The Alfred HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia National Trauma Research Institute The Alfred HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Dear editor,Patients with supraventricular tachycardia(SVT)commonly present to the emergency department(ED).Current guidelines[1,2]do not recommend routine pathology testing and a report on the topic has questioned their role.A systematic review concluded that troponin testing is commonly performed with a high proportion of positive fi ndings,but these results were not associated with major adverse cardiac events.[3]The conclusions of this review were limited by paucity of data and heterogeneity among studies.

关键词： tachycardia routine pathology

SRMD:Sparse Random Mode Decomposition

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 879-906页

作者： nicholas Richardson Hayden Schaeffer Giang Tran University of Waterloo WaterlooONCanada University of British Columbia VancouverBCCanada University of California Los AngelesCAUSA

Signal decomposition and multiscale signal analysis provide many useful tools for timefrequency *** proposed a random feature method for analyzing time-series data by constructing a sparse approximation to the *** randomization is both in the time window locations and the frequency sampling,which lowers the overall sampling and computational *** sparsification of the spectrogram leads to a sharp separation between time-frequency clusters which makes it easier to identify intrinsic modes,and thus leads to a new data-driven mode *** applications include signal representation,outlier removal,and mode *** benchmark tests,we show that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art decomposition methods.

关键词： Sparse random features Signal decomposition Short-time Fourier transform

Multimodal label-free microscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第5期7卷 17-38页

作者： Nicolas Pavillon Katsumasa Fujita nicholas Isaac Smith Biophotonics LaboratoryImmunology Frontier Research Center(IFReC Department of Applied Physics Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This paper reviews the different multimodal applications based on a large ext ent of label-freeinaging modalities,ranging from linear to nonlinear optics,while also inchuding *** put specific emphasis on multimodal measurements going across the usual boundaries between imaging modalities,whereas most multimodal platforms combine techniquesbased on similar light interactions or similar hardware *** this review,we limitthe scope to focus on applications for biology such as live cells or tissues,since by their nat ure ofbeing alive or fragile,we are often not free to take liberties with the image acquisition times andare forced to gather the maximum amount of information possible at one *** such samples,imaging by a given label-free method usually presents a challenge in obt aining suficient opticalsignal or is limited in terms of the types of observable *** imaging is thenparticularly attractive for these samples in order to maximize the amount of measured *** multimodal imaging is always useful in the sense of acquiring additional infor-mation from additional modes,at times it is possible to attain information that could not bediscovered using any single mode alone,which is the essence of the progress that is possible usinga multimodal approach.

关键词： Optical microscopy nonlinear optics microspectroscopy

Long Waves Associated with Bichromatic Waves

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China Ocean Engineering 2001年第2期16卷 281-289页

作者：董国海叶文亚 nicholas Dodd The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and O ffshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China Coastal Group HR Wallingford Howbery Park W allingford OX10 8BA U. K.

A numerical model of low frequency waves is presented. The model is based on that of Roelvink (1993), but the numerical techniques used in the solution are based on the so-called Weighted- Average Flux (WAF) method with Time-Operator- Splitting JOS) used for the treatment of the source terms. This method allows a small number of computational points to be used, and is particularly efficient in modeling wave setup. The short wave (or primary wave) energy equation is solved with a traditional Lax-Wendroff technique. A nonlinear wave theory is introduced. The model described in this paper is found to be satisfactory in modeling low frequency waves associated with incident bichromatic waves.

关键词： incident waves bichromatic waves long waves wave breaking

Cell-type resolved transcriptomic approaches for dissecting selective vulnerability in neurodgeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1411-1413页

作者： Caleb A.Wood nicholas M.Tran Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

A common feature among neurodegenerative conditions is that ce rtain neuronal populations are selectively vulnerable to loss(Fu et al.,2018).By corollary,other neurons are selectively resilient,suggesting they may possess unique features that support their survival.U nderstanding the basis of neuronal resilience or vulnerability would provide a logical strategy to identify factors that could be targeted therapeutically.

关键词： selective targeted

Thalidomide ameliorates portal hypertension via nitric oxide synthase independent reduced systolic blood pressure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第14期21卷 4126-4135页

作者： nicholas G Theodorakis Yining N Wang Vyacheslav A Korshunov Mary A Maluccio nicholas J Skill Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineIndiana University School of Medicine University of Rochester

AIM: Portal hypertension is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and significantly increases mortality and *** reports have suggested that the compound thalidomide attenuates portal hypertension(PHT).However, the mechanism for this action is not fully *** hypothesis is that thalidomide destabilizes tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα) mR NA and therefore diminishes TNFα induction of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and the production of nitric oxide(NO).To examine this hypothesis, we utilized the murine partial portal vein ligation(PVL) PHT model in combination with endothelial or inducible NOS isoform gene knockout ***: Wild type, inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)-/- and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS)-/-mice received either PVL or sham surgery and were given either thalidomide or *** nitrate(total nitrate, NOx) was measured daily for 7 d as a surrogate of NO *** TNFα level was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***α m RNA was quantified in liver and aorta tissue by reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** was determined by recording splenic pulp pressure(SPP) and abdominal aortic flow after 0-7 *** to thalidomide was determined by measurement of SPP and mean arterial pressure(MAP).RESULTS: SPP, abdominal aortic flow(Qao) and plasma NOx were increased in wild type and i NOS-/-PVL mice when compared to sham operated control *** contrast, SPP, Qao and plasma NOx were not increased in e NOS-/- PVL mice when compared to sham *** TNFα level in both sham and PVL mice was below the detection limit of the commercial ELISA ***, the effect of thalidomide on serum TNFα levels was undetermined in wild type, e NOS-/-or i NOS-/- *** acutely increased plasma NOx in wild type and e NOS-/- mice but not i NOS-/-***, thalidomide temporarily(0-90 min) decreased mean arterial pressure, SPP and Qao in wild type, e NOS-/- and i NOS-/- PVL mice, aft

关键词： Portal hypertension Thalidomide Nitric oxide Knock