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Spin-polarized electron beam generation in the colliding-pulse injection scheme

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 49-62页

作者： Zheng Gong Michael j.Quin Simon Bohlen Christoph HKeitel Kristjan põder Matteo Tamburini Max-planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Employing colliding-pulse injection has been shown to enable the generation of high-quality electron beams from laser-plasma ***,by using test particle simulations,Hamiltonian analysis,and multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,we lay the theoretical framework for spin-polarized electron beam generation in the colliding-pulse injection ***,we show that this scheme enables the production of quasi-monoenergetic electron beams in excess of 80%polarization and tens of pC charge with commercial 10-TW-class laser systems.

关键词： polarized scheme enable

Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging in quiescent Crohn's disease patients with fatigue

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第6期23卷 1018-1029页

作者： Sanne van Erp Ece Ercan perla Breedveld Lianne Brakenhoff Eidrees Ghariq Sophie Schmid Matthias van Osch Mark van Buchem Bart Emmer jeroen van der Grond Ron Wolterbeek Daniel Hommes Herma Fidder nic van der Wee Tom Huizinga Désirée van der Heijde Huub Middelkoop Itamar Ronen Andrea van der Meulen-de jong Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical Center C.j.Gorter Center Leiden University Medical Center Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Department of Medical Statistics Leiden University Medical Center Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases University of California Los Angeles Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Center Utrecht Department of psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Department of Rheumatology Leiden University Medical Center Department of Neuropsychology Leiden University Medical Center Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden

To evaluate brain involvement in quiescent Crohn’s disease (CD) patients with fatigue using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).METHODSMultiple MRI techniques were used to assess cerebral changes in 20 quiescent CD patients with fatigue (defined with at least 6 points out of an 11-point numeric rating scale compared with 17 healthy age and gender matched controls without fatigue. Furthermore, mental status was assessed by cognitive functioning, based on the neuropsychological inventory including the different domains global cognitive functioning, memory and executive functioning and in addition mood and quality of life scores. Cognitive functioning and mood status were correlated with MRI findings in the both study *** glutamate + glutamine (Glx = Glu + Gln) concentrations (p = 0.02) and ratios to total creatine (p = 0.02) were found in CD patients compared with controls. Significant increased Cerebral Blood Flow (p = 0.05) was found in CD patients (53.08 ± 6.14 mL/100 g/min) compared with controls (47.60 ± 8.62 mL/100 g/min). CD patients encountered significantly more depressive symptoms (p p = 0.007) and executive functioning (p = 0.02) were lower in CD patients and both scores showed correlation with depression and anxiety. No correlation was found subcortical volumes between CD patients and controls in the T1-weighted analysis. In addition, no correlation was found between mental status and MRI *** work shows evidence for perfusion, neurochemical and mental differences in the brain of CD patients with fatigue compared with healthy controls.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Systemic inflammation Fatigue Crohn’s disease Cognition

Implementation of a Roughness Element to Trip Transition in Large-eddy Simulation

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journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 30-36页

作者： j.Boudet j.-F.Monier F.Gao LMFA Ecole Centrale de Lyon Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France PhD.Candidate Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France

In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. First, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. Finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of nic0ud and Ducros （Flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （j. Fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.

关键词： large-eddy simulation boundary layer roughness element transition tripping

Recent progress on in situ characterizations of electrochemically intercalated transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2126-2139页

作者： Sajad Yazdani Milad Yarali judy j. Cha Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale University West CampusWest HavenCT 06516USA

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)have been extensively studied owing to their unique physical and chemical *** van der Waals(vdW)interact!ons betwee n the stacki ng layers of TMDCs allow intercalati on of various species including mono vale nt alkali,divale nt alkaline earth and multivale nt metal ions,zero-vale nt transiti on metals,as well as orga nic molecules,all of which can drastically alter fun dame ntal properties of the *** urge to understa nd the phe nomena and the desire to exploit them for applicati ons have inspired a great deal of investigations.A large portion of the mystery has been unveiled over the past decade of intense research;however,many questions remain open and require further *** review is concerned with investigations on structural and electronic evolution of TMDCs drive n by electrochemically con trolled in tercalati ***,we aim to survey the rece nt adva nces and experime ntal platforms for mon itoring the in tercalati on processes in situ by utilizi ng nano *** additi on,several in quiries and prospects are outlined in a broader con text for future ave nues of studies.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides electrochemical intercalation in situ characterizations transmission electron microscopy(TEM) magnetotransport measurements

Towards a scientific rationale for traditional properties of Chinese medicinal plants: “natures” and “flavors”

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2019年第3期11卷 258-266页

作者： Li-ping Li Ben-gang Zhang Zhao Zhang Xiao-jin Li Guo-ping Wang Hai-long Song Cong-zhao Fan Yang-ming jiang Tuo Wang Hui-hui Zhao Wei-hong Cui jiang-shan Lai Xiu-lian Chi Xue-ping Wei Chong-ming Wu Yao-dong Qi Hai-tao Liu pei-gen Xiao Eimear nic Lughadha Christine j.Leon Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Institute of Medicinal plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100193China Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine Urumqi830002China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di HerbsBeijing100700China Conservation Science Department Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK Collections Department Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK

Objective: According to theory of Chinese medicine property, the ecological environment shapes properties(natures and flavors) of Chinese materia medica(CMM) and there are close relationships between certain natures and flavors. However, to date these observations have not been validated scientifically in the context of the whole flora of a region. The present study aims to address this ***: We collected geographical distributions of 3637 vascular plant species native to the Xinjiang region of northwest China, of which around 812 are medicinal plants. The CMM property characters of these medicinal plants were also collected. All medicinal plants were then analyzed in the occurrence of their natures(cold, cool, neutral, warm, and hot) and flavors(sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and pungent). possible correlations between these properties and environmental factors, notably climate, as well as correlations with plant species richness of the wider native flora of Xinjiang were then investigated using permutation test and ***: Cold species(38.5%) were more numerous than warm(21.0%) and neutral(22.3%), while bitter species(43.3%) were more numerous than pungent(25.6%), sweet(22.4%) and sour(6.7%) ones. Species with bitter flavor were most commonly also cold(48.6%) in nature, sour flavor usually coincided with cold(44.2%) or cool nature(26.0%), whereas pungent or sweet species tended to be warm(34.4%, 28.4%) or neutral(27.8%, 28.4%). The percentages of species of cold/cool nature, bitter flavor were higher in mountainous regions, and the percentages of warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour were higher in basins. The percentages of species of cold/cool, bitter were positively correlated with actual evapotranspiration(AET),and also plant species richness but had a bell-shaped relationship with potential evapotranspiration(pET),whereas the inverse situation was shown for warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour ***: Analysis of the data in Xinjiang

关键词： flavor nature Chinese materia medica theory of Chinese medicine property Xinjiang region

precision medicine in sepsis and septic shock:From omics to clinical tools

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World journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第1期11卷 1-21页

作者： juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodriguez Erika p plata-Menchaca Luis Chiscano-Camón Adolfo Ruiz-Sanmartin Marcos pérez-Carrasco Clara palmada Vicent Ribas Mónica Martínez-Gallo Manuel Hernández-González juan j Gonzalez-Lopez Nieves Larrosa Ricard Ferrer Intensive Care Department Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Shock Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research GroupVall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Departament de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Department of Intensive Care Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaBarcelona 08036Spain Data Analytics in Medicine Digital Health UnitEurecatCentre Tecnològic de CatalunyaBarcelona 08005Spain Immunology Division Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Diagnostic Immunology Research Group Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca(VHIR)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain Department of Clinical Microbiology Vall d’Hebron Hospital UniversitariVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Microbiology and Genetics Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain

Sepsis is a heterogeneous disease with variable clinical course and several clinical *** it is associated with an increased risk of death,patients with this condition are candidates for receipt of a very well-structured and protocolized *** patients should receive the fundamental pillars of sepsis management,which are infection control,initial resuscitation,and multiorgan ***,specific subgroups of patients may benefit from a personalized approach with interventions targeted towards specific pathophysiological ***,we will review the framework for identifying subpopulations of patients with sepsis,septic shock,and multiorgan dysfunction who may benefit from specific *** of these approaches are still in the early stages of research,while others are already in routine use in clinical practice,but together will help in the effective generation and safe implementation of precision medicine in sepsis.

关键词： Sepsis Septic shock Organ dysfunction precision medicine Biomarkers phenotype Endotype

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血管造影下栓塞行儿童脾损伤的非手术治疗

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 56-57页

作者： Naess p.A. Gaarder C. Dormagen j.B. 虎小毅 Department of pediatric Surgery Ullevaal University Hospital N- 0407 Oslo Norway

A 12- year-old girl was admitted after a bicycle accident, and a grade 4 splenic injury was diagnosed. She became hemodynamically unstable within the first hours after arrival and remained so despite fluid resuscitation and transfusions. As an alternative to laparotomy, sple-nic artery embolization was performed. The patient had an uneventful recovery without the need for further transf-usions. Nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma remains the gold standard in pediatric trauma care. In hemodynamically unstable patients, splenic artery embolization should be considered as an adjunct to that strategy.

关键词：儿童脾损伤血管造影血流动力学金标准

Simultaneous pars plana vitrectomy,panretinal photocoagulation,cryotherapy,and Ahmed valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第9期14卷 1396-1401页

作者： Carolina Bernal-Morales Marina Dotti-Boada Alvaro Olate-perez Manuel j.Navarro-Angulo Laura pelegrín Marc Figueras-Roca Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOF) Hospital ClínicBarcelona 08028Spain August pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute(IDIBApS) Barcelona 08028Spain

AIM:To describe and evaluate the efficacy of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation(AGV)combined with pars plana vitrectomy(ppV)in a single surgical act for the treatment of advanced neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS:Retrospective observational case series included 51 eyes from 50 patients with severe NVG treated with ppV,AGV,and panretinal photocoagulation and/or cryotherapy in a single surgical act during a 13-year period(2005-2018).preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative data at day 1 and months 1,3,6,21,and 24 were systematically *** of surgical success was stablished at IOp between 6 and 21 mm Hg with or without topical ***:Main indications for surgery were NVG secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy(39.2%)and central retinal vein occlusion(37.3%).Mean(±SD)preoperative IOp was 42.0±11.2 mm Hg decreasing to 15.5±7.1 mm Hg at 12 mo and 15.8±9.1 mm Hg at 24 mo of follow *** incidence of success of IOp control was 76.0%at first postoperative month,reaching 88.3%at 6 *** of successful IOp control at long term was 74.4%at 12 mo and 71.4%at 24 *** evisceration for unsuccessful NVG management was required in 1 case(2.0%).CONCLUSION:Combination of AGV implantation and ppV in a single act may be a suitable option for severe forms of NVG in a case-by-case basis for effective IOp control and a complete panretinal photocoagulation.

关键词： neovascular glaucoma Ahmed valve pars plana vitrectomy panretinal photocoagulation cryotherapy

Gyrokinetic simulation of low-n Alfvénic modes in tokamak HL-2A plasmas

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Chinese physics B 2023年第2期32卷 358-365页

作者：林文浩李继全 j Garcia S Mazzi Southwestern Institute of physics Chengdu 610041China CEA IRFM13108Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance EpFL Swiss Plasma CenterLausanneSwitzerland

The turbulence characteristics of plasmas with internal transport barriers in the HL-2A tokamak are analyzed by means of linear gyrokinetic simulations. It is found that turbulence is dominated by the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode together with large-scale modes characterized by high-frequency electromagnetic fluctuation, which are destabilized by the steep ion temperature gradient in the weak magnetic shear regime. Comparison with solutions of analytical dispersion relations shows that their linear features match well with the beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode branch of the shear Alfvénic spectrum. It is further clarified that the large population of fast ions in these plasmas plays a stabilization role through the dilution mechanism in high-n ITG mode regimes.

关键词： low-n Alfvénic modes fast ions gyrokinetic simulation tokamak