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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1107-1113页

作者： Jing ni Zhaoping Shi Yibo Wang Jiahao Yang Hongxiang Wu Pengbo Wang Kai Li Meiling xiao Changpeng Liu Wei Xing State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytic Chemistry Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemistry PowerChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

The scale-up deployment of ruthenium(Ru)-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)is greatly restricted by the poor stability.As the lattice-oxygen-mediated mechanism(LOM)has been identified as the major contributor to the fast performance degradation,impeding lattice oxygen diffusion to inhibit lattice oxygen participation is imperative,yet remains challenging due to the lack of efficient approaches.Herein,we strategically regulate the bonding nature of Ru–O towards suppressed LOM via Ru-based high-entropy oxide(HEO)construction.The lattice disorder in HEOs is believed to increase migration energy barrier of lattice oxygen.As a result,the screened Ti_(23)Nb_(9)Hf_(13)W_(12)Ru_(43)O_(x) exhibits 11.7 times slower lattice oxygen diffusion rate,84%reduction in LOM ratio,and 29 times lifespan extension compared with the state-of-the-art RuO_(2) catalyst.Our work opens up a feasible avenue to constructing stabilized Ru-based OER catalysts towards scalable application.

关键词： ruthenium-based high-entropy oxide suppressing the lattice oxygen diffusion acidic oxygen evolution reaction

Novel MIP gene mutation causes autosomal-dominant congenital cataract

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 454-465页

作者： Jing-Lan ni Hua-Ming Wen xiao-Sheng Huang Qian-Wen Li Jia-Min Cai Bao-Jian Fan Jun Zhao The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Dongguan Chang’an HospitalDongguan 523843Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University Shenzhen Eye InstituteShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Oral&Maxillofacial Surgery Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston 02114MassachusettsUSA Department of Ophthalmology Shenzhen People’s Hospital(the Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan Universitythe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To identify disease-causative mutations in families with congenital cataract.●METHODS:Two Chinese families with autosomaldominant congenital cataract(ADCC)were recruited and underwent comprehensive eye examinations.Gene panel next-generation sequencing of common pathogenic genes of congenital cataract was performed in the proband of each family.Sanger sequencing was used to valid the candidate gene mutations and sequence the other family members for co-segregation analysis.The effect of sequence changes on protein structure and function was predicted through bioinformatics analysis.Major intrinsic protein(MIP)-wildtype and MIP-G29R plasmids were constructed and microinjected into zebrafish single-cell stage embryos.Zebrafish embryonic lens phenotypes were screened using confocal microscopy.●RESULTS:A novel heterozygous mutation(c.85G>A;p.G29R)in the MIP gene was identified in the proband of one family.A known heterozygous mutation(c.97C>T;p.R33C;rs864309693)in MIP was found in the proband of another family.In-silico prediction indicated that the novel mutation might affect the MIP protein function.Zebrafish embryonic lens was uniformly transparent in both wild-type PCS2+MIP and mutant PCS2+MIP.●CONCLUSION:Two missense mutations in the MIP gene in Chinese cataract families are identified,and one of which is novel.These findings expand the genetic spectrum of MIP mutations associated with cataracts.The functional studies suggest that the novel MIP mutation might not be a gain-of-function but a loss-of-function mutation.

关键词： congenital cataract major intrinsic protein missense mutation zebrafish model

Clinical characteristics of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the effect of endoscopic hemostasis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1597-1605页

作者： xiao-Juan Wang Yu-Peng Shi Li Wang Ya-ni Li Li-Juan Xu Yue Zhang Shuang Han Department of Gastroenterology Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710054Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(ANVUGIB)constitutes a prevalent emergency within Gastroenterology,encompassing 80%-90%of all gastrointestinal hemorrhage incidents.This condition is distinguished by its abrupt onset,swift progression,and notably elevated mortality rate.AIM To gather clinical data from patients with ANVUGIB at our hospital in order to elucidate the clinical characteristics specific to our institution and analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of endoscopic hemostasis.METHODS We retrospectively retrieved the records of 532 patients diagnosed with ANVUGIB by endoscopy at our hospital between March 2021 and March 2023,utilizing our medical record system.Data pertaining to general patient information,etiological factors,disease outcomes,and other relevant variables were meticulously collected and analyzed.RESULTS Among the 532 patients diagnosed with ANVUGIB,the male-to-female ratio was 2.91:1,with a higher prevalence among males.Notably,43.6%of patients presented with black stool as their primary complaint,while 27.4%had hematemesis as their initial symptom.Upon admission,17%of patients exhibited both hematemesis and black stool,while most ANVUGIB patients primarily complained of overt gastrointestinal bleeding.Urgent routine blood examinations at admission revealed that 75.8%of patients had anemia,with 63.4%experiencing moderate to severe anemia,and 1.5%having extremely severe anemia(hemoglobinnitive trigger,24.2%had a history of using gastric mucosa-irritating medications,24.2%developed bleeding after alcohol consumption,2.8%attributed it to improper diet,1.7%to emotional excitement,and 2.3%to fatigue preceding the bleeding episode.Drug-induced ANVUGIB was more prevalent in the elderly than middle-aged and young individuals,while bleeding due to alcohol consumption showed the opposite trend.Additionally,diet-related bleeding was more common among the young age group compared to the middl

关键词： Acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding Clinical characteristics Cause of disease Endoscopic homeostatic therapy

How topography and neighbor shape the fate of trees in subtropical forest restoration:Environmental filtering and resource competition drive natural regeneration

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 73-86页

作者： Haonan Zhang Xingshuo Zhang Yingying Lv Yanyan ni Baokun Xu Xiangnan Han xiao Cao Qingpei Yang Wanggu Xu Zhedong Qian Innovative Research Team for Forest Restoration Mechanisms Nanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment(MEE)Nanjing 210042China College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

The structure of plant communities at local scales depends on both the spatial heterogeneity of abiotic environmental factors and the biotic interactions within the community.However,although environmental filtering due to microtopographic heterogeneity and resource competition among plants caused by spatial variation in tree density and size are considered to be very important in explaining the mechanisms of community assembly,their effects on the processes of individual mortality and recruitment in natural forest regeneration,as well as their relative contributions,are still poorly understood.To address this,we established a 12-ha permanent plot in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area and measured microtopographic variables such as elevation,slope,aspect,and terrain position index(TPI)using a total station.We monitored the individual mortality and recruitment in forest natural regeneration through repeated surveys at 5-year intervals.We fitted spatial covariance models to jointly use multiple factors from three groups of variables(microtopographic effect,neighborhood density effects,neighborhood size effects)as explanatory variables to analyze their roles in driving the mortality and recruitment of all individual and 12 dominant species in forest natural regeneration at the neighborhood scale.Our results show that:(1)In the crucial early stages of secondary forest restoration,natural regeneration is influenced by a synergy of environmental filtering,due to microtopographic heterogeneity,and resource competition among plants.(2)For distinct species responses,evergreen dominant species'mortality is largely explained by neighborhood effects,while deciduous species are more affected by topographic factors.Furthermore,the adverse effects of larger conspecific trees on younger trees indicate a pattern of competitive pressure leading to mortality among regenerating trees,such pattern emphasis the influence of parent trees on natural regeneration.(3)As trees grow,their interaction with these stressors evolv

关键词： Natural regeneration Microtopography Neighborhood effects Mortality and recruitment

Development and validation of a predictive model for acute-onchronic liver failure after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1301-1310页

作者： Wei Zhang Ya-ni Jin Chang Sun xiao-Feng Zhang Rui-Qi Li Qin Yin Jin-Jun Chen Yu-Zheng Zhuge Department of Gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Hepatology Unit Department of Infectious DiseasesNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Co-first authors:Wei Zhang and Ya-Ni Jin

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a cause of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF).AIM To investigate the risk factors of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS in patients with cirrhosis and construct a prediction model.METHODS In total,379 patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated with TIPS at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2017 to 2020 were selected as the training cohort,and 123 patients from Nanfang Hospital were included in the external validation cohort.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors.The prediction model was established based on the Akaike information criterion.Internal and external validation were conducted to assess the performance of the model.RESULTS Age and total bilirubin(TBil)were independent risk factors for the incidence of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS.We developed a prediction model comprising age,TBil,and serum sodium,which demonstrated good discrimination and calibration in both the training cohort and the external validation cohort.CONCLUSION Age and TBil are independent risk factors for the incidence of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Our model showed satisfying predictive value.

关键词： Acute-on-chronic liver failure Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Influencing factor analysis Risk prediction model Nomogram

Bioinspired zinc-mediated umpolung thiolation of alkyl electrophiles: reaction development, scope and mechanism

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 898-907页

作者： Yuenian Xu Yan Zhang Yong Liu Wen-Wu Sun Jie Huang Hui He Yingjie Wu Wen Liu Shao-Fei ni Xu-Qiong xiao Xinxin Shao College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of EducationHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guang-dong Province Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China

Zinc-promoted umpolung thiolation of alkyl electrophiles with masked sulfur transfer reagents in the absence of nickel or copper catalysis is described. This protocol proceeds via a SET process of Zn to electrophilic sulfur reagent followed by insertion of Zn into disulfide and nucleophilic thiolation, providing straightforward access to a wide range of alkyl sulfides with broad substrate scope. A neutral TMEDA-ligated four-coordinated zinc thiolate with tetrahedra geometry was synthesized, isolated and fully characterized by NMR, IR and X-ray analysis. More importantly, the chemical reactivity of this active intermediate has been investigated, enabling the construction of C-Se, C-Te, Sb-S and Bi-S bonds to prepare valuable sulfur-containing molecules and beyond.

关键词： umpolung thiolation C(sp^(3))-S bond formation masked sulfur reagents reductive coupling

Cardioprotective Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil against Isoproterenol-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy:Possible Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Subunits

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 450-461页

作者： xiao-yun DING Hao ZHANG Yu-mei QIU Meng-die XIE Hu WANG Zheng-yu XIONG Ting-ting LI Chun-ni HE Wei DONG Xi-lan TANG School of Pharmacy Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine Ministry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation Nanchang 330013China

Objective:Cymbopogon citratus(DC.)Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric,nervous and hypertensive disorders.In this study,we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil,the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus,on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Methods:The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil(CCEO)were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 16.9µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10µmol/L ISO for 24 h.Cardiac hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were evaluated.Subsequently,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and target verification were used to further explore the underlying mechanism.Results:Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal(45.66%),geraniol(23.32%),and citronellol(10.37%).CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content,as well as the upregulation of fetal gene expression.Moreover,CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression,as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3,ASC,CASP1,GSDMD,and IL-1β,as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1(p20),GSDMD-FL,GSDMD-N,and pro-IL-1β.The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes.Our further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1,Sdhd,mt-Cytb,Uqcrq,and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col expression.Conclusion:CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.

关键词： Cymbopogon citratus essential oil cardiac hypertrophy NLRP3 inflammasome oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits

Esophageal cancer screening,early detection and treatment:Current insights and future directions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1180-1191页

作者： Hong-Tao Qu Qing Li Liang Hao Yan-Jing ni Wen-Yu Luan Zhe Yang xiao-Dong Chen Tong-Tong Zhang Yan-Dong Miao Fang Zhang Department of Emergency Yantai Mountain HospitalYantai 264000Shandong ProvinceChina Cancer Center Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical UniversityThe 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical UniversityYantai 264100Shandong ProvinceChina

Esophageal cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally,primarily due to its highly aggressive nature and poor survival rates.According to the 2020 global cancer statistics,there were approximately 604000 new cases of esophageal cancer,resulting in 544000 deaths.The 5-year survival rate hovers around a mere 15%-25%.Notably,distinct variations exist in the risk factors associated with the two primary histological types,influencing their worldwide incidence and distribution.Squamous cell carcinoma displays a high incidence in specific regions,such as certain areas in China,where it meets the cost-effect-iveness criteria for widespread endoscopy-based early diagnosis within the local population.Conversely,adenocarcinoma(EAC)represents the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer in Europe and the United States.The role of early diagnosis in cases of EAC originating from Barrett's esophagus(BE)remains a subject of controversy.The effectiveness of early detection for EAC,particularly those arising from BE,continues to be a debated topic.The variations in how early-stage esophageal carcinoma is treated in different regions are largely due to the differing rates of early-stage cancer diagnoses.In areas with higher incidences,such as China and Japan,early diagnosis is more common,which has led to the advancement of endoscopic methods as definitive treatments.These techniques have demonstrated remarkable efficacy with minimal complications while preserving esophageal functionality.Early screening,prompt diagnosis,and timely treatment are key strategies that can significantly lower both the occurrence and death rates associated with esophageal cancer.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Screening Early detection Treatment Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection

Total body water percentage and 3rd space water are novel risk factors for training-related lower extremity muscle injuries in young males

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第3期27卷 168-172页

作者： Liang Chen Ke-Xing Jin Jing Yang Jun-Jjie Ouyang Han-Gang Chen Si-Ru Zhou xiao-Qing Luo Mi Liu Liang Kuang Yang-Li Xie Yan Hu Lin Chen Zhen-Hong ni xiao-Lan Du Department of Orthopedic Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Daping HospitalArmy Medical UntiversityChongqing400042China Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine Center of Bone Metabolism and RepairLaboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Training InjuriesState Key Laboratory of Trouma and Chemical Poisoning.Trauma CenterResearch Instiute of SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing.400042China War Trouma Medical Center Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversilyChongqing400042.China Department of Military Basic Training and Arny Management Army Health Service Training BaseArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China Department of Army Occupational Disease Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Training lnjuriesState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical PoisoningResearch Institute of SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversiryChongqing400042.China

Purpose:To identify the risk factors for training-related lower extremity muscle injuries in young males by a non-invasive method of body composition analysis.Methods:A total of 282 healthy young male volunteers aged 18-20 years participated in this cohort study.Injury location,degree,and injury rate were adjusted by a questionnaire based on the overuse injury assessment methods used in epidemiological studies of sports injuries.The occurrence of training injuries is monitored and diagnosed by physicians and treated accordingly.The body composition was measured using the BodyStat QuadScan 4000 multifrequency Bio-impedance system at 5,50,100 and 200 kHz to obtain 4 impedance values.The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check whether the data conformed to a normal distribution.Data of normal distribution were shown as mean±SD and analyzed by t-test,while those of non-normal distribution were shown as median(Q1,Q3)and analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test.The receiver operator characteristic curve and logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate risk factors for developing training-related lower extremity injuries and accuracy.Results:Among the 282 subjects,78(27.7%)developed training injuries.Lower extremity training injuries revealed the highest incidence,accounting for 23.4%(66 cases).These patients showed higher percentages of lean body mass(p=0.001),total body water(TBW,p=0.006),extracellular water(p=0.020)and intracellular water(p=0.010)as well as a larger ratio of basal metabolic rate/total weight(p=0.006),compared with those without lower extremity muscle injuries.On the contrary,the percentage of body fat(p=0.001)and body fat mass index(p=0.002)were lower.Logistic regression analysis showed that TBW percentage>65.35%(p=0.050,odds ratio=3.114)and 3rd space water>0.95%(p=0.045,odds ratio=2.342)were independent risk factors for lower extremity muscle injuries.Conclusion:TBW percentage and 3rd space water measured with bio-impedance method are potential risk factors for predicting the incidence of lower

关键词： Body composition Training injuries Lower extremity Bio-impedance

High-throughput screening of novel TFEB agonists in protecting against acetaminopheninduced liver injury in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 190-206页

作者： xiaojuan Chao Mengwei niu Shaogui Wang xiaowen Ma xiao Yang Hua Sun Xujia Hu Hua Wang Li Zhang Ruili Huang Menghang Xia Andrea Ballabio Hartmut Jaeschke Hong-Min ni Wen-Xing Ding Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism&Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine TIGEMPozzuoliNaples 80131Italy Medical Genetics Department of Translational MedicineFederico II UniversityNaples 80131Italy Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology&MotilityUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA

Macroautophagy(referred to as autophagy hereafter)is a major intracellular lysosomal degradation pathway that is responsible for the degradation of misfolded/damaged proteins and organelles.Previous studies showed that autophagy protects against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced injury(AILI)via selective removal of damaged mitochondria and APAP protein adducts.The lysosome is a critical organelle sitting at the end stage of autophagy for autophagic degradation via fusion with autophagosomes.In the present study,we showed that transcription factor EB(TFEB),a master transcription factor for lysosomal biogenesis,was impaired by APAP resulting in decreased lysosomal biogenesis in mouse livers.Genetic loss-of and gain-of function of hepatic TFEB exacerbated or protected against AILI,respectively.Mechanistically,overexpression of TFEB increased clearance of APAP protein adducts and mitochondria biogenesis as well as SQSTM1/p62-dependent non-canonical nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2)activation to protect against AILI.We also performed an unbiased cell-based imaging high-throughput chemical screening on TFEB and identified a group of TFEB agonists.Among these agonists,salinomycin,an anticoccidial and antibacterial agent,activated TFEB and protected against AILI in mice.In conclusion,genetic and pharmacological activating TFEB may be a promising approach for protecting against AILI.

关键词： Autophagy DILI Drug screening Hepatotoxicity Lysosome Mitochondria Mitophagy NRF2