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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo Luan nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha nguyen Lan Huu Shedrawy Jad L?nnroth Knut nguyen tuan dinh Van dinh Luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National Lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;P<0.001). This resulted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;P<0.001) and experiencing TB-related stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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A Comprehensive Survey of Recent Transformers in Image,Video and Diffusion Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 37-60页

作者： dinh Phu Cuong Le Dong Wang Viet-tuan Le College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China Faculty of Information Technology Yersin University of Da LatDa Lat66100Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh City722000Vietnam

Transformer models have emerged as dominant networks for various tasks in computer vision compared to Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs).The transformers demonstrate the ability to model long-range dependencies by utilizing a self-attention *** study aims to provide a comprehensive survey of recent transformerbased approaches in image and video applications,as well as diffusion *** begin by discussing existing surveys of vision transformers and comparing them to this ***,we review the main components of a vanilla transformer network,including the self-attention mechanism,feed-forward network,position encoding,*** the main part of this survey,we review recent transformer-based models in three categories:Transformer for downstream tasks,Vision Transformer for Generation,and Vision Transformer for *** also provide a comprehensive overview of recent transformer models for video tasks and diffusion *** compare the performance of various hierarchical transformer networks for multiple tasks on popular benchmark ***,we explore some future research directions to further improve the field.

关键词： Transformer vision transformer self-attention hierarchical transformer diffusion models

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Truly optimal semi-active damping to control free vibration of a single degree of freedom system

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 142-145页

作者： Viet Duc La Ngoc tuan nguyen Institute of Mechanics Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoi 10000Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoi 10000Vietnam

This paper studies a single degree of freedom system under free vibration and controlled by a general semiactive damping.A general integral of squared error is considered as the performance index.A one-time switching damping controller is proposed and *** pontryagin maximum principle is used to prove that no other form of semi-active damping can provide the better performance than the proposed one-time switching damping.

关键词： Analytical optimization Quadratic integral Lyapunov equation Pontryagin maximum principle

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A Projection and Decomposition Approach for Multi-agent Coordinated Scheduling in Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 991-996页

作者： Haifeng Qiu Zhigang Li Hongjun Gao Hung dinh nguyen Veerapandiyan Veerasamy Hoay Beng Gooi the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 Singapore the School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China the College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Aiming at multi-agent coordinated scheduling problems in power systems under uncertainty,a generic projection and decomposition(P&D)approach is proposed in this *** canonical min-max-min two-stage robust optimization(TSRO)model with coupling constraints is equivalent to a concise robust optimization(RO)model in the version of mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)via feasible region *** decentralized decoupling of the non-convex MILP problem is realized through a dual decomposition algorithm,which ensures the fast convergence to a high-quality solution in the distributed *** tests verify the superior performance of the proposed P&D approach over the existing distributed TSRO method.

关键词： Coordinated scheduling multi-agent system distributed robust optimization projection and decomposition

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Unknown DDoS Attack Detection with Fuzzy C-Means Clustering and Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2181-2205页

作者： Thanh-Lam nguyen HaoKao Thanh-tuan nguyen Mong-Fong Horng Chin-Shiuh Shieh Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung807618Taiwan Department of Electronic and Automation Engineering Nha Trang UniversityNha Trang650000Vietnam

Since its inception,the Internet has been rapidly *** the advancement of science and technology and the explosive growth of the population,the demand for the Internet has been on the *** applications in education,healthcare,entertainment,science,and more are being increasingly deployed based on the ***,malicious threats on the internet are on the rise as *** Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks are among the most common and dangerous threats on the internet *** scale and complexity of DDoS attacks are constantly *** Detection Systems(IDS)have been deployed and have demonstrated their effectiveness in defense against those *** addition,the research of Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)in IDS has gained effective results and significant ***,one of the challenges when applying ML and DL techniques in intrusion detection is the identification of unknown *** attacks,which are not encountered during the system’s training,can lead to misclassification with significant *** this research,we focused on addressing the issue of Unknown Attack Detection,combining two methods:Spatial Location Constraint Prototype Loss(SLCPL)and Fuzzy C-Means(FCM).With the proposed method,we achieved promising results compared to traditional *** proposed method demonstrates a very high accuracy of up to 99.8%with a low false positive rate for known attacks on the Intrusion Detection Evaluation Dataset(CICIDS2017)***,the accuracy is also very high,reaching 99.7%,and the precision goes up to 99.9%for unknown DDoS attacks on the DDoS Evaluation Dataset(CICDDoS2019)*** success of the proposed method is due to the combination of SLCPL,an advanced Open-Set Recognition(OSR)technique,and FCM,a traditional yet highly applicable clustering *** has yielded a novel method in the field of unknown attack *** further expands the trend of applying DL and M

关键词： Cybersecurity DDoS unknown attack detection machine learning deep learning incremental learning convolutional neural networks(CNN) open-set recognition(OSR) spatial location constraint prototype loss fuzzy c-means CICIDS2017 CICDDoS2019

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Prevalence and outcomes of neonates with severe COVID-19:An observational study at Children’s Hospital 1 in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第9期17卷 392-399,I0001页

作者： Phung nguyen The nguyen Tran Thanh Thuc nguyen Thanh Hung Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh Dang Quoc Duy Tran Minh Nhut nguyen Hoang Dung Tran nguyen Ai Nuong dinh nguyen Cam Tu Department of Pediatrics University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh cityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Children’s Hospital 1 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Pediatric Department School of MedicineVietnam National University Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Objective:To evaluate the impact of the severe COVID-19 pandemic on neonates and develop strategies to improve their ***:We conducted an observational cross-sectional study at Children's Hospital 1(CH1)from July 25,2021,to May 31,*** neonates who had fever or respiratory symptoms or were born from mothers with COVID-19 and had a positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 result would be *** classified neonates with COVID-19 into 2 groups:mild/moderate and severe for *** between groups were analyzed using Fisher's exact test/Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student's t-test/Wilcoxon Rank Sum test for continuous ***:This study included 88 newborns who had positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 *** severity COVID-19 rate among neonatal cases was found to be 13.6%(12/88),with a corresponding mortality rate of 1.1%(1/88).All severe cases showed lung abnormalities as evident on chest X-ray *** addition to respiratory symptoms,a higher incidence of gastrointestinal manifestations,such as vomiting and diarrhea,was observed in the severe group,indicating a compelling *** administration of anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory drugs in the study group resulted in a satisfactory outcome with no significant ***:The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on the well-being of *** management of COVID-19 in this population presents significant challenges.

关键词： COVID-19 Neonate Anti-inflammatory Anticoagulant

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Influence of different land-use types on selected soil properties related to soil fertility in A Luoi District,Thua Thien Hue,Vietnam

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 131-140页

作者： Khoa Phuc nguyen Tan Trong Tran Huy dinh Le Phuong Thuy nguyen Hien Thao Thi Pham Dien Thanh nguyen Ngu Huu nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Hue UniversityHue CityThua Thien Hue 52000Vietnam School of Biotechnology Tan Tao UniversityTan Duc ECityDuc HoaLong An850000Vietnam

Land use type affects the physicochemical properties of *** value of OM and TN is high in acacia *** acidity of soil is considered a serious constraint for *** cash crops are acacia,cassava,banana,rice and *** fertility is affected by land-use types and land management,which exacerbates soil erosion and various other forms of soil degradation in the mountainous regions of *** study was conducted in A Luoi District,Thua Thien Hue,Vietnam to identify the effects of land-use types on specific soil physicochemical characteristics related to soil *** physicochemical properties,such as organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorous(TP),and K+were significantly affected by land-use *** results showed that the soils were sandy in rice but clay loam for acacia and *** mean bulk density value of acacia soil was significantly greater than that of other *** were higher in the acacia soils than those in the rice,maize,and banana *** OM content was significantly higher in the acacia,cassava,and banana soils than those in the rice and maize *** mean of exchangeable K+in the rice soil was higher compared to those in other soils and was affected by land-use *** high exchangeable acidity content in the soils was probably due to intensive ***,both land use type and management did not affect the CEC ***,the inappropriate land use caused the disturbance of soil physicochemical properties,indicating that the conditions of rice and maize soils are becoming worse than acacia ***,lowering the intensity of cultivation,adopting incorporated soil fertility management,and applying organic fertilizer should preserve the existing conditions and enhance soil properties.

关键词： Land-use types soil characteristics soil frility suitable crop Vietnam

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Reviewing Stability Criteria for Positive Homogeneous Systems and Adding One for Discrete-Time Cases with Degree Less Than One

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Circuits and Systems 2024年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： nguyen Quang tuan Faculty of Information Technology Nha Trang University Khanh Hoa Vietnam

The article synthesizes and presents the results regarding the stability of positive homogeneous systems that have been researched and published in recent years. Next, we provide a sufficient condition for global exponential stability in the case of discrete-time positive homogeneous systems with an order less than one with time-varying delays.

关键词： Exponential Stability Homogeneous Systems Positive Systems Positive Homogeneous Systems

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EP Aquarii:A New Picture of the Circumstellar Envelope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 83-105页

作者： Pham T.Nhung Do T.Hoai Pierre Darriulat Pham tuan-Anh Pham N.Diep nguyen B.Ngoc Tran T.Thai Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHa Noivietnam

New analyses of earlier ALMA observations of oxygen-rich AGB star EP Aquarii are presented,which complete a previously published analysis and offer a different interpretation of the morpho-kinematics of the circumstellar *** birth of the equatorial density enhancement(EDE)is shown to occur very close to the star where evidence for rotation has been *** to the star and where outflows have been observed:their interaction with the gas of the nascent EDE is seen to play an important role in the development of the wind and the evolution of its radial velocity from 8 to 10 km s^(-1) on the polar symmetry axis to~2 km s^(-1) at the *** implies complex morpho-kinematics:making reliable interpretations with reasonable confidence is *** particular,it questions an earlier interpretation implying the presence of a white dwarf companion orbiting the star at an angular distance of -0″4 from its *** proposes instead an interpretation in terms of a standard mass ejection associated with a shock wave leaving a void of emission in its *** Doppler velocity wings are seen to consist of two components,the upper velocity end of the global wind,reaching above±12 km s^(-1),and an effective line broadening,confined within 200 mas from the center of the star,reaching above±20 km s^(-1) and interpreted as caused by the pattern of shock waves resulting from the interaction between stellar pulsation and convective cell partition.

关键词： stars AGB and post-AGB-(stars) circumstellar matter-radio lines stars

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Xi's Visit Enhances Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership Between Vietnam and China

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China News Release 2024年第1期 39-42页

作者： Chu dinh Phuc the Vietnam Academyof Social Sciences Vietnam

Chinese President Xi Jinping paid a state visit to Vietnam at the invitation of nguyen Phu Trong, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, and Vo Van Thuong, president of the Socia... 详细信息

关键词： Vietnam Strategic Communist

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