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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第13期8卷 1271-1281页

作者： Essiben Félix ngo um meka esther Mve Koh Valère Gwos Laurentine Ojong Samuel Foumane Pascal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Teaching Hospital Centre Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Severe preeclampsia is a frequent cause of maternal death, and also a frequent indication for caesarean deliveries when faced with the need to expedite delivery. We sought complications specific to caesarean deliveries in patients with severe preeclampsia. Methods: It was a case-control study carried out over 6 months, from December 1st, 2015 to May 31st, 2016 at the Yaoundé Central and the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospitals. We evaluated 159 women undergoing a caesarean delivery to assess the risk of maternal and foetal postoperative complications in patients with severe preeclampsia. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The incidence of postoperative complications stood at 26.4%. Maternal and foetal complications were more frequent in preeclamptic women at 54.5% versus 11.5% (p um convulsions (RR = 3, p < 0.001) headaches resistant to first-line analgesics (RR = 3, p < 0.001), Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) (RR = 2.92, p < 0.001), a cute pulmonary oedema (RR = 2.92, p < 0.001), prematurity (RR = 4.43, p < 0.001), neonatal asphyxia (RR = 2.93, p < 0.001), and hyaline membrane disease (RR = 2.93, p Conclusion: Severe preeclampsia is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications.

关键词： Preeclampsia Postoperative Complications Caesarean Section Yaoundé

Histo-Phenotypic Aspects of Breast Cancer in Women under 40 Years Old, in Yaoundé

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 451-465页

作者： um esther meka ngo Zambo Zambo Coralie Mendouga Menye Kodoumé Motolouze Matene Mengue Obalemba Etienne Atenguena Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Morphological Sciences-Pathological Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with an increasing incidence. Although it is rare and no much studied in young women, it represents 7% of cases worldwide and often appears more aggressive with a poor prognosis compared to its counterpart in older women. The main objective of our study was to describe the histological and phenotypic aspects of breast cancer in women of age under 40. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective collection of data over a period of 05 years. All women diagnosed with breast cancer were included and divided into 2 study groups: under 40 years old and over 40 years old. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software, compared using the Chi square or Fisher exact test. A p value Results: We retained 196 files, either 89 for those under 40 and 107 for those over 40. Young patients with breast cancer had a higher stage, grade and tumor size. Lymph node involvement was more observed in women under 40 years (69.6% vs 53.2%). Older women were more likely to be hormone receptor positive (54.2% vs 38.2%);p = 0.018. HER-2 overexpression was higher in women younger than 40 years (39.32% vs 25.23%);p = 0.080 with a high Ki67 proliferation index (30.3% versus 2.8%);p 0.001. Triple-negative and Her-2 tumors were much more frequent in young women (48.3% vs. 36.4%;p = 0.063) and (17.97% vs. 10.3%;p = 0.125). Conclusion: Breast cancer in young women remains more aggressive and is dominated by triple negative and Her-2 phenotypes.

关键词： Breast Cancer Young Women Yaoundé

Determinants of Early Survival of Breast Cancer Patients in Yaoundé-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 487-501页

作者： um esther meka ngo Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Kodoumé Motolouze Naomi Marie Laurene Ndtoungou Schouame Obalemba Etienne Atenguena Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua Robinson Enow Mbu Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Hospital Center for Research and Application in Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproduction Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. We carried out this study with the aim of evaluating the determinants of early survival of women with breast cancer in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methodology: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection of breast cancer patients during 6 years in two Hospitals of Yaoundé from January 2017 to December 2022. We consulted the files in search of epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and survival variables. We completed the survival data directly from the patients or their relatives after their consent. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 23.0 software. Survival analysis was done using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves were compared using the Log Rank test. Factors influencing survival were evaluated using the Cox model. The significance threshold (P value) was set at 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. The study was approved by the ethics committees. Results: We included 500 patients whose ages varied between 22 and 83 years with a mean age of 47.19 ± 11.61 years. The most represented age group was 30 to 45 years old (45.8%). Less than half (41.6%) were postmenopausal. The most frequent reason for consultation was a breast lump (79.9%). The most common clinical stage at presentation was stage-3 (47.6%). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most represented histological type (84.7%). The most represented histological grade was grade 2 (40.2%). Immunohistochemistry was performed in 34.20% of cases. The most represented molecular subtype was triple negative (41.8%) followed by Luminal A (30%). Concerning treatment, 17.2% did not receive any, 45% had surgery, 79.4% had chemotherapy, 34.2% hormone therapy, and 14.6% radiotherapy. The survival of patients with breast cancer at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was respectively 90.6%;83.1%;74.2%;69.8% and 59.2%. The median survival was not reached;however, the first quartil

关键词： Determinants Early Survival Breast Cancer Yaoundé

Risk Factors for Geo-Helminthiasis in Children Aged 6 - 36 Months in a Rural Health District in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 391-400页

作者： Isabelle Mekone Nkwele Monono Naiza Gervais Talla Kamga Hugues Nana Djeunga Jeannette Epée ngoue Patricia Epée Eboumbou Suzanne ngo um Sap Evelyn Mah Mungeh Joseph Kamgno Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Centre de Recherche sur les Filarioses et autres Maladies Tropicales (CRFilMT) Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction and Objectives: Soil-Transmitted-Helminthiasis (STH) is a public health problem in Cameroon. The control strategies currently in place, particularly chemoprevention, has shortcomings linked to the target population, which are school-age children. The objective was to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with geo-helminthiasis in children aged 0 to 3 years in a rural health district. Method: From December 2020 to May 2021, a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of 376 children between 6 and 36 months was carried out in the Akonolinga health district. This was a cluster sampling in 4 health areas. Stool samples were collected and analysed using the mini-FLOTAC method. The results expressed as the number of eggs per gram of stool. A questionnaire on socio-demographic and lifestyle data was administered to the parents. The Chi-squared test was used to measure the association between geo-helminth infection and the data collected. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed (p 0.05). Results: The prevalence of STH was 19.4% (Ascaris lumbricoides: 16% and Trichuris trichiura: 8%). Risk factors were: consumption of contaminated water (AOR = 1.93 [1.03 - 3.6];p = 0.040), early contact of the child with the ground (before age of 4 months) (AOR = 4.9 [2.1 - 11.37];p .001), habit of walking barefoot (AOR = 2.91 [1.1 - 7.97];p = 0.038), and living in a habitat with unpaved ground (AOR = 7.4 [1.55 - 35.7];p = 0.012). Conclusion: The prevalence of STHs in infants was high. Preventive chemotherapy should be extended to this age-group, and other measures intensified.

关键词： Akonolinga Soil-Transmitted-Helminths Children Aged 0 - 3 Years Risk Factors

A comparative analysis of spontaneous fertility after myomectomy by laparotomy associated or not with a“second look”laparoscopy

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2019年第2期2卷 27-30页

作者： Etienne Belinga Daniel Antony Bikak Djima Bruno Ela Ondo esther Juliette ngo um meka Emile Telesphore Mboudou Pascal Foumane Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciencesthe University of Yaounde ICameroon Higher Institute of Health Sciences University of the MountainsCameroon Department of Epidemiology Higher Institute of Health SciencesUniversity of the MountainsCameroon

Objective:The importance of a“second look”laparoscopy for adhesion formation after myomectomy by laparotomy in improving fertility is not clearly defined in our *** aim of this study was to compare spontaneous fertility after myomectomy by laparotomy between women who underwent a“second look”laparoscopy and those who did ***:We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from January 1,2008 to December 31,2015,comparing spontaneous fertility between patients who underwent“second-look”laparoscopy after myomectomy by laparotomy to those who did ***,data was collected from the records of patients included in the ***,through phone calls,informed consent for each participant was obtained after which inquiries were made regarding their fertility ***:After a period of 24 months,23 patients(47.9%)with“second look”laparoscopy conceived,compared to 37 patients(35.2%)without“second look”laparoscopy(p=0.136);and 24 patients(50.0%)with“second look”had term pregnancies compared to 39 patients(37.1%)without“second look”laparoscopy(p=0.134).Conclusion:Spontaneous fertility rates seemed to be improved after a“second look”laparoscopy,however,there was no statistically significant difference between spontaneous fertility rates obtained after myomectomy by laparotomy,irrespective of the fact that the patient had undergone a“second look”laparoscopy or not at Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital.

关键词： Myomectomy Laparotomy Infertility Adhesions “Second look”laparoscopy

Pregnancy on Bicornuate Unicollis Uterus: Diagnosis, Management and Prognosis in Underprivileged Areas: About a Case, Yaoundé-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第5期11卷 602-609页

作者： Armand Kamga Talom Felix Essiben Kingsley Sama Ombaku Forbang Ako esther ngo um meka Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: A bicornuate uterus is a relatively common and often asymptomatic congenital uterine malformation. Objective: The aim of this work is to highlight the diagnostic difficulty in this case, as well as its therapeutic and prognostic aspects. We report here the case of a young girl carrying a pregnancy on an undiagnosed unicollis bicornuate uterus, which was initially diagnosed as an unruptured ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion: The bicornuate uterus still poses diagnostic difficulties, especially in disadvantaged populations due to the poor accessibility of diagnostic means.

关键词： Bicornous Uterus Cameroun Diagnosis Pregnancy Prognosis

Clinical Study of Rape against Females at the YaoundéGyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroun

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2014年第2期4卷 11-16页

作者： Pascal Foumane Julius Sama Dohbit Francisca Monebenimp Bruno Natolga esther ngo um meka Emile Telesphore Mboudou Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon High Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Objective: To describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of rape against females in a tertiary level hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a retrolective collection of data, concerning the female patients with a clinical diagnosis of rape received from January 1st 2008 to December 31st 2012. Results: Rape was confirmed at physical examination in 131 cases. The rape victim survivals were mostly aged less than 20 years (85/131;64.9%), unmarried (127/131;97.0%), with no income (95/131;72.5%) and had no university education level (110/131;83.9%). The aggression commonly took place during the night (68/131;51.9%), at the victim’s or aggressor’s home (70/131;53.4%), with physical constraint (73/131;55.8%), by an unknown aggressor (88/131;67.2%). A vaginal penetration was reported by 97.0% of the victims (127/131) while 12.2% of them (16/122) had an anal ingress. Condom usage was uncommon during rape (3/131;2.3%). Vulvar and vaginal lesions were encountered in 32.8% of the cases (43/131). Only 27.5% (36/131) of the victims were prescribed an emergency contraception, while antiretroviral prophylaxis was administered to 46.6% (61/131) of them. Conclusion: These data might be useful for prevention of rape. The clinical management of survival victims of rape needs to be improved.

关键词： Rape Victims Genital Lesions Vaginal and Anal Penetration HIV Prophylaxis Cameroon

Adolescent Sexual Behavior in an Urban Area of a Resource-Limited African Country, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第6期9卷 923-935页

作者： Felix Essiben Chantal Didjo Valère Mve Koh meka esther Juliette ngo um Christiane Nsahlai Pascal Foumane Yaoundé Central Hospital Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Yaounde Teaching Hospital Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Essos Hospital Center Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: The substantial changes that occur in adolescence may lead to sexual behaviors that adversely affect their health. We have described sexual patterns in adolescents in various neighborhoods of Yaounde in order to underscore the sexual challenges that they face. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study in District number V of Yaounde from August 1st to 31st 2018. To characterize their sexual lives, we surveyed 1800 adolescents between 10 and 19, and analyzed the data using SPSS version 25.0. Results: In our study, 1023 (56.8%) adolescents were female, and 777 (43.2%) were male. Most of the adolescents were between ages 18 and 19 years (25.4%), unmarried (93.1%), had a secondary level of education (81.9%) and lived with their families (87.3%). One-third of the adolescents (30.7%) were sexually active and 41.1% had multiple sexual partners. The average age of coitarche was 15.1 years. Among the females, 17.1% reported one prior pregnancy and 30.8% had one abortion. Most of the sexual encounters were heterosexual (82.6%) and 30.2% regularly used male condoms. 66.0% and 47.7% obtained information about sexuality primarily from social media and mass media, respectively. Conclusion: Sexual encounters in adolescents of District V of Yaounde were premature, mostly heterosexual and often unprotected. The consequences were an increased incidence of early pregnancies and abortions.

关键词： Adolescents Sexual Behavior Heterosexual Relationship Yaoundé Cameroon

Solar‑Driven Sustainability:Ⅲ–ⅤSemiconductor for Green Energy Production Technologies

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 445-478页

作者： Chandran Bagavath Jeong‑Kyun Oh Sang‑Wook Lee Dae‑Young um Sung‑Un Kim Veeramuthu Vignesh Jin‑Seo Park Shuo Han Cheul‑Ro Lee Yong‑Ho Ra Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Engineering CollegeResearch Center for Advanced Materials Development(RCAMD)Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea

Long-term societal prosperity depends on addressing the world’s energy and environmental problems,and photocatalysis has emerged as a viable *** the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is fundamentally achieved by optimizing the effective utilization of solar energy and enhancing the efficient separation of photogenerated *** has been demonstrated that the fabrication ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor-based photocatalysts is effective in increasing solar light absorption,long-term stability,large-scale production and promoting charge *** focused review explores on the current developments inⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor materials for solar-powered photocatalytic *** review explores on various subjects,including the advancement ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductors,photocatalytic mechanisms,and their uses in H2 conversion,CO_(2)reduction,environmental remediation,and photocatalytic oxidation and reduction *** order to design heterostructures,the review delves into basic concepts including solar light absorption and effective charge *** also highlights significant advancements in green energy systems for water splitting,emphasizing the significance of establishing eco-friendly systems for CO_(2)reduction and hydrogen *** main purpose is to produce hydrogen through sustainable and ecologically friendly energy *** review intends to foster the development of greener and more sustainable energy source by encouraging researchers and developers to focus on practical applications and advancements in solar-powered photocatalysis.

关键词： Green energy system Hydrogen evolution CO_(2)reduction Ⅲ-Ⅴsemiconductors Photo electrochemical water splitting

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study of 315 Women Followed in the Gynecology and Oncology Departments of Two University Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第12期6卷 676-688页

作者： Felix Essiben Pascal Foumane esther ngo um meka Patience Signing Soh Julius Dohbit Sama Eyongoben Osogo Emile Telesphore Mboudou Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) University of Yaoundé I YaoundéCameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yaounde Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yaounde Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Higher Institute of Health Université des Montagnes Bagangte Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the first cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Cameroon. The aim of the study was to investigate its risk factors for breast cancer at two University Teaching Hospitals in Yaoundé. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted for 5 months, from February 25th to July 25th 2015, at the Gynecology unit of the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Medical Oncology unit of the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH). One hundred and five patients with breast cancer (cases) were compared to 210 women who did not have breast cancer (controls). SPSS Version 18.0.0 software was used to analyze the data with a statistical significance considered at P-value 50 years (P three times per week (P = 0.002;OR = 2.14;CI = [1.33 - 3.45]), palm oil consumption > two times per week (P = 0.001;OR = 2.38;CI = [1.4 - 4.1]). After multivariate analysis, age > 50 years (aOR = 41.48;CI = [2.46 - 69.9]) and consumption of red meat > three times per week [aOR = 7.33;(1.49 - 36)] were the risk factors considered significant for breast cancer. Conclusion: Age > 50 years and red meat consumption are independent risk factors for breast cancer at the Yaoundé General Hospital and at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital.

关键词： Risk Factors Breast Cancer Red Meat Cameroon