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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review of clinical trials

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 156-164页

作者： Carlos M Ardila Pradeep K Yadalam Jaime ram.rez-Arbelaez Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Biomedical Stomatology Research GroupUniversidad de Antioquia U de AMedellín 0057Colombia Department of Postdoctoral Program CIFE University CenterCuernavaca 62330MorelosMexico Department of Periodontics Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and HealthSIMATSSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Transplantation Hospital San Vicente FundaciónRionegro 054047Colombia

BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ *** To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant *** A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and *** review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial *** search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language *** After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were *** most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also *** antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and *** concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two *** All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microor

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Antivirals Solid organ transplant recipients Infections Microorganisms Cytomegalovirus

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Importance of Quercus *** diversity and biomass of vascular epiphytes in a managed pine-oak forest in Southern Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 366-377页

作者： Nayely Martínez-Meléndez neptalí ram.rez-marcial José G. García-Franco Manuel Jesús Cach-Pérez Pablo Martínez-Zurimendi Departamento de Conservacion de la Biodiversidad El Colegio de la Frontera Sur(ECOSUR)San Cristobal de Las Casas29290ChiapasMexico Red de Ecología Functional Instituto de EcologíaA.C.Xalapa91073VeracruzMexico Departamento de Agricultura Sociedad y AmbienteEl Colegio de la Frontera Sur(ECOSUR)Villahermosa86280TabascoMexico

Background:Forestry management modifies the diversity,structure,and functioning of intervened *** extraction reduces tree density and basal area,leading to changes in the communities of vascular *** objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and biomass of vascular epiphytes in Quercus trees remaining in two pine-oak forest stands that have been subjected to two stages of the Silvicultural Development Method(release cutting,and thinning)in comparison with an unharvested old-secondary forest in southern *** each treatment,richness of epiphytes present on 60 oak trees was recorded and their dry biomass *** calculated the true diversity(Hill numbers)and beta diversity using the Jaccard coefficient of similarity,and generated rank abundance curves per taxonomic epiphyte group(bromeliads,orchids,ferns and others).For each treatment,the relationships between overall diversity and epiphyte biomass to the host trees basal area were analyzed using log linear ***:We recorded a total of 67 species of epiphytes species belonging to 10 families hosted by five species of *** greatest species richness(^(0)D)was recorded in the old-secondary *** common(^(1)D)and dominant(^(2)D)species were recorded in the release cutting than in the other *** diversity and biomass were both slightly related to host tree basal *** of epiphytes was similar(60%)among treatments,although orchids,bromeliads,and other families were more diverse in the old-secondary *** bromeliad species were shared across all treatments,although orchids presented the most exclusive species in the unharvested *** bromeliad Tillandsia seleriana provided the greatest contribution to biomass in all treatments,followed by the orchid Camaridium *** linear models indicated that epiphyte diversity was significantly related to treatment,and epiphyte biomass to basal area of host ***:Alt

关键词： Bromeliads Chiapas Ferns Orchids Richness Sierra Madre Silvicultural development method(SDM)

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Tropical ash(Fraxinus udhei)invading Andean forest remnants in Northern South America

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 152-164页

作者： Kelly A.Saavedra-ram.rez AndrésEtter Alberto ram.rez Depa rtamento de Ecologia y Territoto Pontificia Universidad averianaBogotaColomba

Introduction:Exotic invasive species represent a major driver of the loss of biological diversity and services provided by ecosystems *** important cause of species becoming invasive is the development of commercial afforestation projects using fast-growing and adaptable exotic species,which may become invasive impacting natural *** tropical ash(Fraxinus uhdei),native to México,has been widely introduced to Colombia and other countries for timber,live fences,and urban *** is now common in many areas of the tropical mountains and has been observed expanding into native forests in *** study examined the invasion pattern and the demographic structure of tropical ash in remnant Andean forests in Colombia,to find out factors associated with the invasion *** analysis took into account biotic and physical factors:distance to propagule source,vegetation cover types,and understory and canopy ***:Although the reproductive strategy of the tropical ash is of“r”type with low survival rates,the results show evidence for an active process of invasion characterized by an aggregated distribution pattern dominated by seedlings and juvenile *** study shows the existence of an interaction between the distance to propagule source and the vegetation cover,which has an additive effect on the demographic structure of the ***:This study suggests an active invasion process by the exotic tree tropical ash into a remnant of sub-humid forests in the Andean *** results showed an expanding population process with a decreasing average age from propagule sources and mature reproductive individuals within the native forest,which bring new individuals that are colonizing new areas and advancing into the *** research points to the need for urgent plant intervention on two aspects:the use of the tropical ash and the management of the invasion process in native forests.

关键词： Andean forest Demographic structure Fraxinus uhdei Exotic species Plant biological invasions Invasion pattern

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Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: A Sickness of Suffering, Not of Dying. Descriptive Study of 33 Cases

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Health 2025年第1期17卷 65-81页

作者： Blanca Navas-Soler Aarón Gutiérrez-Pastor Antonio Palazón-Bru Jorge Vallejo-Ortega Álex Méndez-Jover Celia Santano-Pérez Carmen Seguí-Pérez Marc Seguí-Pérez Sonia Cascant-Pérez Juan Carlos López-Corbalán Míriam Pérez-Cardona ramón Pérez-Doménech Antonio Hernández-García Patricia Lorca-Amorrich Ana Belén Llinares-Llinares Cristina Valverde-Cámara Rosa María Bustos-Martínez Juan Manuel Núñez-Cruz Isidro Hernández-Isasi José Juan Martínez-Pérez José Manuel Santano-López María Dolores Jover-Ríos Juan Méndez-Mora José Miguel Seguí-Ripoll Internal Medicine Service University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Family and Community Medicine Service University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencian Community (FISABIO) University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante Alicante Spain Faculty of Physics University of Alicante Alicante Spain Department of Clinical Medicine Medical School University Miguel Hernandez de Elche Alicante Spain CEU Veterinary School University Cardenal Herrera Alfara del Patriarca Campus Valencia Spain Secondary School Marist Brothers High School Alicante Spain Primary Medicine Hospital Francesc Borgia of Gandia Valencia Spain Faculty of Medicine CEU Cardenal Herrera University Alfara del Patriarca Campus Valencia Spain Faculty of Economics University of Alicante Alicante Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital La Vega Baja of Orihuela Alicante Spain

Objective: We describe patients with MCS, the evolution of the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) score with a special focus on people whose fillings were removed. Methods: We have conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study in patients diagnosed with MCS and attended in the outpatient Internal Medicine department of the University Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, from January 1, 2008 to January 1, 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, QEESI and treatment-related variables were collected. We performed descriptive and inferential analyses. Mixed linear models were used to analyze the QEESI. Calculations were carried out with an α error of 5%. Results: Thirty-three patients were included (72.7% women, mean age 56.2). MCS was mainly triggered by mercury (N = 20) and food intolerance (N = 22). The mean interval from symptoms onset was 120 months (SD 81.6). 114 QEESIs were analyzed: 82 (N = 17 without amalgams) and 32 (N = 16 with amalgams). In patients without amalgams, severity scores increased across all subscales except the masking index (vs. with amalgams). Mean scores for the group without amalgams (vs. with amalgams) were: chemical intolerance, 62.8 points (vs. 63.4 and 46.7);other intolerances, 52.7 points (vs. 62.8 and 50.3);symptom severity, 63.2 (vs. 76.7 and 63.3);masking index, 3.9 (vs. 3.2 and 2.8);and life impacts, 63.1 (vs. 58.4 and 49.8). Conclusion: The profile of patient with MCS is a middle-aged woman who is a frequent user of healthcare services, presents a long diagnostic delay and has borne a great personal, work and socioeconomic impact. The QEESI is useful for the clinical follow-up of patients, including the optimal treatment response in the case of amalgams. Clinical Significance: People affected by Multiple Chemical Sensitivity deserve the attention, understanding and help of health professionals and family members, to face an invisible illness for those who do not suffer from it. Support is needed and doctors

关键词： Chemical Sensitivity Electromagnetic Sensitivity Mercury Poisoning Amalgams QEESI

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Solution of the Center Problem for a Class of Polynomial Differential Systems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1685-1696页

作者： Chang Jian Liu Jaume Llibre Rafael ram.rez Valentín ram.rez School of Mathematics(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519086P.R.China Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193BellaterraBarcelonaCataloniaSpain Departament d’Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAvinguda dels Paiïsos Catalans 2643007TarragonaCataloniaSpain

Consider the polynomial differential system of degree m of the form x=-y(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+x(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),y=x(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+y(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),whereμandνare real numbers such that(μ^(2)+v^(2))(μ+v(m-2))(a_(1)^(2)+a_(2)^(2))≠m>2 andΩ_(m−1)(x,y)is a homogenous polynomial of degree m−1.A conjecture,stated in *** Equations 2019,suggests that whenν=1,this differential system has a weak center at the origin if and only if after a convenient linear change of variable(x,y)→(X,Y)the system is invariant under the transformation(X,Y,t)→(−X,Y,−t).For every degree m we prove the extension of this conjecture to any value ofνexcept for a finite set of values ofμ.

关键词： Center problem polynomial differential system

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Flight feather moult in Western Marsh Harriers during autumn migration

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Avian Research 2019年第1期10卷 30-35页

作者： Juan ram.rez Michele Panuccio MEDRAPTORS(Mediterranean Raptor Migration Network) DSTA-Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia

Background:Most of long-distance migratory raptors suspend moult during migration but detailed information is patchy for most of the Palearctic *** aim of this research is to verify if active moulting in migrating Western Marsh Harriers occurs and to quantify the extent of moulting along the season focusing on primary ***:During a whole post-breeding migration at the Strait of Messina in Southern Italy,we gathered information about symmetrical flight feather moult from 221 adults by taking pictures of raptors passing at close ***:We found active moulting primaries during autumn migration in 48.4% of our *** differences on the extension and timing among sex classes were recorded during the season,with adult females showing a more advanced moult stage than adult ***:The finding that the extension of the suspended moult was already defined in migratory individuals might be explained as an adaptation to minimize the energy required for moulting during migration.

关键词： Migration Moult Primary feather Raptors Western Marsh Harrier

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Resveratrol as an inductor of autophagy: is there a unique pathway of activation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 101-103页

作者： Narayana Pineda-ram.rez Penélope Aguilera Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral.Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

Autophagy is a process of cellular degradation for the removal of damaged components and eventual recycling of the resulting molecules that help to the maintenance of cellular *** this pathway,proteins with relatively long half-life and whole organelles(e.g.,mitochondria,peroxisomes,and ribosomes)are degraded in the cytoplasm for the continuous turnover of cellular structures to facilitate their ***,the beneficial effect of autophagy goes beyond cellular“cleaning”and resides to a large extent on its ability to recycle cell components back into the ***,autophagy is a fundamental mechanism to regulate cellular functions,including DNA repair,proliferation,differentiation,embryonic development,and the immune response.

关键词： homeostasis activation autophagy

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Modeling the Spike Response for Adaptive Fuzzy Spiking Neurons with Application to a Fuzzy XOR

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第6期115卷 295-311页

作者： A.M.E.ram.rez-Mendoza CONACYT Research Fellow–State University of Nuevo León(UANL for its acronym in Spanish) Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School(FIME for its acronym in Spanish)Center for Research and Innovation in Aeronautical Engineering(CIIIA for its acronym in Spanish)Carretera a Salinas Victoria km.2.3ApodacaNuevo LeónMéxico

A spike response model(SRM)based on the spikes generator circuit(SGC)of adaptive fuzzy spiking neurons(AFSNs)is *** SRM is simulated in MatlabTM *** proposed model is applied to a configuration of a fuzzy exclusive or(fuzzy XOR)operator,as an illustrative example.A description of the comparison of AFSNs with other similar methods is *** novel method of the AFSNs is used to determine the value of the weights or parameters of the fuzzy XOR,first with dynamic weights or self-tuning parameters that adapt continuously,then with fixed weights obtained after training,finally with fixed weights and a dynamic gain or self-tuning gain for a fine adjustment of amplitude.

关键词： Spike response model spikes generator circuit fuzzy XOR adaptive fuzzy spiking neuron learning algorithm fuzzy neuron self-tuning

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COVID-19 and Ecosyndemic Vulnerability: Implications for El Niño-Sensitive Countries in Latin America

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第1期12卷 147-156页

作者： Ivan J.ram.rez Jieun Lee Department of Health and Behavioral Sciences University of Colorado DenverDenverCO 80217USA Consortium for Capacity Building Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR)University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80308USA Department of Geography GISand SustainabilityUniversity of Northern ColoradoGreeleyCO 80639USA

Latin America has emerged as an epicenter of the COVID-19 ***,Peru,and Ecuador report some of the highest COVID-19 rates of incidence and deaths in the *** countries also face synergistic threats from multiple infectious diseases(that is,ecosyndemic)and quasi-periodic El Niño-related hazards every few *** example,Peru,which is highly sensitive to El Niño,already copes with an ecosyndemic health burden that heightens during and following weather and climate extreme *** an ecosyndemic lens,which draws on a multi-disease hazard context of place,this commentary highlights the importance of El Niño as a major factor that not only may aggravate COVID-19 incidence in the future,but also the broader health problem of ecosyndemic vulnerability in Latin America.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 Ecosyndemic El Niño El Niño-Southern oscillation Infectious disease vulnerability Latin America

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