Lignite and sub-bituminous coals from western U.s. contain high amounts of moisture (sub-bituminous: 15%-30%, lignites: 25%-40%). German and Australian lignites (brown coals) have even higher moisture content, 5...
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Lignite and sub-bituminous coals from western U.s. contain high amounts of moisture (sub-bituminous: 15%-30%, lignites: 25%-40%). German and Australian lignites (brown coals) have even higher moisture content, 50% and 60%, respectively. The high moisture content causes a reduction in plant performance and higher emissions, compared to the bituminous (hard) coals. Despite their high-moisture content, lignite and sub-bituminous coals from the western U.s. and worldwide are attractive due to their abundance, low cost, low NOx and sOx emissions, and high reactivity. A novel low-temperature coal drying process employing a fluidized bed dryer and waste heat was developed in the U.s. by a team led by GRE (Great River Energy). Demonstration of the technology was conducted with the U.s. Department of Energy and GRE funding at Coal Creek station Unit 1. Following the successful demonstration, the low-temperature coal drying technology was commercialized by GRE under the trade name DryFiningTM fuel enhancement process and implemented at both units at Coal Creek station. The coal drying system at Coal Creek has been in a continuous commercial operation since December 2009. By implementing DryFining at Coal Creek, GRE avoided $366 million in capital expenditures, which would otherwise be needed to comply with emission regulations. Four years of operating experience is described in this paper.
This work is devoted to the problem of planning of freight railway transportation. We define a special conflict graph on the basis of a set of acceptable train routes. The investigation aims to solve the classical com...
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This work is devoted to the problem of planning of freight railway transportation. We define a special conflict graph on the basis of a set of acceptable train routes. The investigation aims to solve the classical combinatorial optimization problem in relation to the maximum independent set of vertices in undirected *** level representation of the graph and its tree are introduced. With use of these constructions, the lower and upper bounds for the number of vertices in the maximum independent set are obtained.
Hallux valgus is a complex deformity of the forefoot. It is the result of multiple effects of endogenous and exogenous etiological factors with different degrees of influence. The degree of hallux valgus deformity was...
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Hallux valgus is a complex deformity of the forefoot. It is the result of multiple effects of endogenous and exogenous etiological factors with different degrees of influence. The degree of hallux valgus deformity was assessed by radiological values of hallux valgus (HVA) and intermetatarsal (IMA) angle. Thus, each hallux valgus deformity corresponds to a pair (HVA, IMA) of hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) values in the plane of the deformity. The intensity of the point position vector s (HVA, IMA) in the deformation plane determined by the relation represents the absolute (conjugate) value of the power deformities. The goal of the article is to explain the advantage of the definition of the degree of hallux valgus deformity using its absolute (conjugate) value, and then to show that the degree of deformity defined in this way enables a better classification of deformities for all values of the HVA and IMA angles. Furthermore, in this article, applying the definition of conjugate deformity, analytical expressions were constructed for the assessment of the average value of deformity correction after operative treatment, as well as the error assessment of deformity correction after operative treatment. All obtained results were checked on a sample of 396 operatively treated feet.
Objective: To study episodic and semantic memory for faces and other non-verbal information in semantic dementia (sD). Background: semantic memory impaired in the rare diagnosis of sD by definition, including knowledg...
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Objective: To study episodic and semantic memory for faces and other non-verbal information in semantic dementia (sD). Background: semantic memory impaired in the rare diagnosis of sD by definition, including knowledge about well- known persons and their appearance. Episodic memory is held to be better preserved. Methods: Two computerized face recognition tests were administered, one measuring episodic memory (Male Faces) and one semantic memory (Political Faces) in addition to a comprehensive test battery. A computerised test of non-verbal semantic memory for national symbols (Euro Flags) was also administered druring the retention interval of the Male Faces test. Results: The sD participants were severely impaired in the episodic face recognition test. In contrast, their performance was in the normal range in Euro Flags and Political Faces, based on knowledge of national political figures. Conclusion: The results are discussed in terms of preserved dynamic memory and severely impaired memory for static facial information in semantic dementia. Research proposals regarding further studies of this paradoxical prosopagnosia in semantic dementia are presented in order to clarify issues regarding static versus dynamic aspects of face memory.
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