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Wormlions prefer both fine and deep sand but only deep sand leads to better performance

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 393-400页

作者： michael A bar-Ziv Darar Bega Aziz Subach Inon Scharf School of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

Wormlions are small fly larvae that dig pits in loose soil to trap their prey. Similar to other trapbuilding predators, like spiders and antlions, they depend on the habitat structure for successful trap construction and prey catch. We examined whether sites at which wormlions are present differ in sand depth and particle size from nearby sites, at which wormlions are absent. Next, in the laboratory we manipulated both sand depth and type (fine vs. coarse) to determine their joint effect on microhabitat pref ere nee, the size of the con structed pit, wormlion movement, and their latency to respond to prey. We expected better performance by wormlions in fine and deep sand, and the sand in wormlions' natural sites to be finer and deeper. However, in only partial agreement with our expectations, wormlion sites featured finer sand but not deeper sand. In the laboratory, wormlions preferred both fine and deep sand, and moved more in shallow and coarse sand, which we interpret as an attempt to relocate away from unfavorable conditions. However, only deep sand led to larger pits being constructed and to a faster response to prey. The preference for fine sand could, therefore, be related to other ben efits that sand provides. Fin ally, body mass was a domi nant factor, interacting with the preference for both deep and fine sand: deep over shallow sand was more favored by large wormlions and fine over coarse sand by smaller ones. Our results suggest that several factors should be incorporated when studying microhabitat selection.

关键词： antlions habitat selection habitat structure substrate trap-building predators Vermileo

Short-term outcomes of mitomycin C-augmented excisional bleb revision with capsulectomy for failed Ahmed glaucoma valve

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第6期15卷 947-953页

作者： bar Davidov Shimon Kurtz Ilona Mohilevtseva michael Waisbourd Rony Rachmiel Glaucoma Center Department of OphthalmologyTel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterAffiliated to the Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 64239Israel

AIM: To report short-term outcomes of mitomycin C-augmented excisional bleb revision with capsulectomy(ERC) after Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV) ***: Patients who underwent ERC procedures between January 2017 and December 2019 with a minimum follow-up of 6mo were evaluated retrospectively for indications of AGV and AGV implantation to ERC *** number of anti-glaucoma medications(AGMs),intraocular pressure(IOP) and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) were recorded at baseline, 1, 7, 30, 90, and ***-and postoperative complications were also *** outcome was defined as IOP≤21 mm Hg with or without ***: Fourteen eyes [14 patients, median age 69.5y, interquartile range(IQR) 61.3-80] were *** glaucoma(n=5, 36%) was the most common form of glaucoma. The median AGV implantation to ERC interval was 8.8mo(IQR 3.91-43.67). At 6mo, the median number of AGMs decreased from 3.0(IQR 3.0-4.0)to 2.0(IQR 1.5-3), the median IOP decreased from 26 mm Hg(IQR 22-29) to 16.5 mm Hg(IQR 13.75-20) and there was no significant change in BCVA. The success rate at 6mo was 92.9%. The Kaplan-Meier cumulative probability of survival was 93%, 79%, 64%, and 64% at 1wk, and 1,3, and 6mo, respectively. No intraoperative complications were identified. Postoperative complications were identified in 5 eyes(36%), which were resolved spontaneously during the first week following ***: ERC has a high success rate for shortterm management of AGV failure. A longer follow-up study is required to determine long-term cumulative failure rates.

关键词： glaucoma Ahmed bleb capsulectomy mitomycin C

Functional group resolved NMR relaxation of 3-carbon adsorbates in mesoporous alumina

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第3期3卷 248-255,I0004页

作者： neil Robinson Carmine D’Agostino michael LJohns Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA 6009Australia Department of Chemical Engineering The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ChimicaAmbientale e Dei Materiali(DICAM)Alma Mater Studiorum e Universita di BolognaVia Terracini28Bologna40131Italy

NMR relaxation analysis provides a unique and non-invasive probe of fluid dynamics within porous materials,and may be applied to the interpretation of a wide variety of material and interfacial ***,we report two-dimensional^(1)H T_(1)-T_(2)relaxation correlation measurements of a range of three-carbon adsorbates(1-propanol,2-propanol and propanoic acid)imbibed within the mesoporous metal oxide *** data,acquired across field strengths of 2 MHz,12.7 MHz and 43 MHz,clearly reveal two populations in each measurement,identified as the alkyl and hydroxyl moieties of each *** results expand the range of materials in which such functional group resolved relaxation is known to occur,and demonstrate the clear persistence of such phenomena using a range of typical benchtop NMR systems employed to study fluid-saturated porous media.

关键词： NMR relaxation Adsorption Porous media Low-field NMR

Treatment repurposing for inflammatory bowel disease using literature-related discovery and innovation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第33期26卷 4889-4899页

作者： Ronald neil Kostoff michael Brandon Briggs Darla Roye Shores School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of TechnologyGainesvilleVA 20155United States Independent Consultant RoscommonMI 48653United States The Hopkins Resource for Intestinal Vitality and Enhancement the Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)incidence has been increasing steadily,most dramatically in the Western developed *** often includes lifelong immunosuppressive therapy and *** is a critical need to reduce the burden of IBD and to discover medical therapies with better efficacy and fewer potential *** of treatments originally studied in other diseases with similar pathogenesis is less costly and time intensive than de novo drug *** study used a treatment repurposing methodology,the literature-related discovery and innovation(LRDI)text mining system,to identify potential treatments(developed for non-IBD diseases)with sufficient promise for extrapolation to treatment of *** searching for desirable patterns of twenty key biomarkers relevant to IBD(e.g.,inflammation,reactive oxygen species,autophagy,barrier function),the LRDI-based query retrieved approximately 9500 records from *** most recent 350 records were further analyzed for *** 18%(64/350)met the criteria for discovery(not previously studied in IBD human or animal models)and relevance for application to IBD *** of the treatments were compounds derived from herbal remedies,and the majority of treatments were being studied in cancer,diabetes,and central nervous system disease,such as depression and *** further validation of the search strategy,the query identified ten treatments that have just recently begun testing in IBD models in the last three ***-related discovery and innovation text mining contains a unique search strategy with tremendous potential to identify treatments for repurposing.A more comprehensive query with additional key biomarkers would have retrieved many thousands more records,further increasing the yield of IBD treatment repurposing discovery.

关键词： Treatment repurposing Treatment repositioning Inflammatory bowel disease Literature-based discovery Text mining Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Novel treatments

Integrated impedance sensing of liquid sample plug flow enables automated high throughput NMR spectroscopy

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第2期7卷 177-193页

作者： Omar Nassar Mazin Jouda michael Rapp Dario Mager Jan G.Korvink neil MacKinnon Institute of Microstructure Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

A novel approach for automated high throughput NMR spectroscopy with improved mass-sensitivity is accomplished by integrating microfluidic technologies and micro-NMR resonators.A flow system is utilized to transport a sample of interest from outside the NMR magnet through the NMR detector,circumventing the relatively vast dead volume in the supplying tube by loading a series of individual sample plugs separated by an immiscible *** dual-phase flow demands a real-time robust sensing system to track the sample position and velocities and synchronize the NMR *** this contribution,we describe an NMR probe head that possesses a microfluidic system featuring:(i)a micro saddle coil for NMR spectroscopy and(ii)a pair of interdigitated capacitive sensors flanking the NMR detector for continuous position and velocity monitoring of the plugs with respect to the NMR *** system was successfully tested for automating flow-based measurement in a 500 MHz NMR system,enabling high resolution spectroscopy and NMR sensitivity of 2.18 nmol s1/2 with the flow sensors in *** flow sensors featured sensitivity to an absolute difference of 0.2 in relative permittivity,enabling distinction between most common *** was demonstrated that a fully automated NMR measurement of nine individual 120μL samples could be done within 3.6 min or effectively 15.3 s per sample.

关键词： flow spectroscopy enable

Current status and future of targeted peptide receptor radionuclide positron emission tomography imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1768-1780页

作者： neil Grey michael Silosky Christopher H Lieu Bennett B Chin Radiology-Nuclear Medicine University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Radiology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Medical Oncology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States

Theranostics is the highly targeted molecular imaging and therapy of *** peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has taken the lead in demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of this molecular approach to treating ***,well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be most effectively imaged and treated with DOTATATE *** review the current practice,safety,advantages,and limitations of DOTATATE based ***,we briefly describe the exciting new areas of development and future directions of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.

关键词： DOTATATE Theranostics Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors 68Ga DOTATATE 177Lu DOTATATE Review

System-level Pareto frontiers for on-chip thermoelectric coolers

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第1期12卷 109-120页

作者： Sevket U. YURUKER michael C. FISH Zhi YANG Nicholas BALDASARO Philip barLETTA Avram bar-COHEN Bao YANG Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA Micross Components Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The continuous rise in heat dissipation of integrated circuits necessitates advanced thermal solutions to ensure system reliability and efficiency. Thermoelectric coolers are among the most promising techniques for dealing with localized on-chip hot spots. This study focuses on establishing a holistic optimization methodol- ogy for such thermoelectric coolers, in which a thermo- electric element＇s thickness and the electrical current are optimized to minimize source temperature with respect to ambient, when the thermal and electrical parasitic effects are considered. It is found that when element thickness and electrical current are optimized for a given system architecture, a ＂heat flux vs. temperature difference＂ Pareto frontier curve is obtained, indicating that there is an optimum thickness and a corresponding optimum current that maximize the achievable temperature reduc- tion while removing a particular heat flux. This methodol- ogy also provides the possible system level AT＇s that can be achieved for a range of heat fluxes, defining the upper limits of thermoelectric cooling for that architecture. In this study, use was made of an extensive analytical model, which was verified using commercially available finite element analysis software. Through the optimization process, 3 pairs of master curves were generated, which were then used to compose the Pareto frontier for any given system architecture. Finally, a case study wasperformed to provide an in-depth demonstration of the optimization procedure for an example application.

关键词： thermoelectric cooling thermal management,optimization high flux electronics

Male Blue Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus) Nest-Building Behavior Is Affected by Other Males and Females

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第3期6卷 195-201页

作者： Gad Degani michael bar Ziv Faculty of Science and Technology Tel-Hai Academic College Tel Hai Israel MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center Kiryat Shmona Israel

In this study, we examine male blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus) nest-building behavior that is affected by other males and interactions under experimental conditions. Males found in the area control the territory and sexual behavior, and are influenced by the behavior of other males. The results of this study show that the sexual behavior (nest-building) of male blue gourami is affected both by the behavior and pheromones of other males. We suggest that males must defend their territories in order to prevent these two factors from interfering in nest-building.

关键词： Male Blue Gourami Blue Gourami Sexual Behavior and Pheromones

Conservation needs of amphibians in China: A review

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第2期50卷 265-276页

作者： michael Wai Neng LAU Simon N STUART Janice S CHANSON neil A COX Debra L FISCHMAN Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Hong Kong China IUCN-SSC/CI-CABS Biodiversity Assessment Unit Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Conservation International Washing-ton DC 20036 USA GIS Laboratory Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Conservation International Washington DC 20036 USA

The conservation status of all the amphibians in China is analyzed,and the country is shown to be a global priority for conservation in comparison to many other countries of the *** Chinese regions are particularly rich in amphibian diversity:Hengduan,Nanling,and Wuyi ***-manders are more threatened than frogs and *** smaller families show a high propensity to become seriously threatened:Bombinatoridae,Cryptobranchidae,Hynobiidae and *** other parts of the world,stream-breeding,high-elevation forest amphibians have a much higher likeli-hood of being seriously *** loss,pollution,and over-harvesting are the most serious threats to Chinese ***-harvesting is a less pervasive threat than habitat loss,but it is more likely to drive a species into rapid *** conservation challenges are mentioned with recommendations for the highest priority research and conservation actions.

关键词： amphibians conservation status priority of the regions and animal group habitat preferences conservation challenge conservation recom-mendation