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hydromechanical characterization of gas transport amidst uncertainty for underground nuclear explosion detection

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2019-2032页

作者： Wenfeng Li Chelsea W.neil J William Carey Meng Meng Luke P.Frash Philip h.Stauffer Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87544USA Department of Mineral Engineering New Mexico TechSocorroNM87801USA

Given the challenge of definitively discriminating between chemical and nuclear explosions using seismic methods alone,surface detection of signature noble gas radioisotopes is considered a positive identification of underground nuclear explosions(UNEs).however,the migration of signature radionuclide gases between the nuclear cavity and surface is not well understood because complex processes are involved,including the generation of complex fracture networks,reactivation of natural fractures and faults,and thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical(ThMC)coupling of radionuclide gas transport in the *** this study,we provide an experimental investigation of hydro-mechanical(hM)coupling among gas flow,stress states,rock deformation,and rock damage using a unique multi-physics triaxial direct shear rock testing *** testing system also features redundant gas pressure and flow rate measurements,well suited for parameter uncertainty *** porous tuff and tight granite samples that are relevant to historic UNE tests,we measured the Biot effective stress coefficient,rock matrix gas permeability,and fracture gas permeability at a range of pore pressure and stress *** Biot effective stress coefficient varies from 0.69 to 1 for the tuff,whose porosity averages 35.3%±0.7%,while this coefficient varies from 0.51 to 0.78 for the tight granite(porosityhaps an underestimate).Matrix gas permeability is strongly correlated to effective stress for the granite,but not for the porous *** experiments reveal the following key engineering implications on transport of radionuclide gases post a UNE event:(1)The porous tuff shows apparent fracture dilation or compression upon stress changes,which does not necessarily change the gas permeability;(2)The granite fracture permeability shows strong stress sensitivity and is positively related to shear displacement;and(3)hydromechanical coupling among stress states,rock damage,and gas flow appears to be

关键词： Underground nuclear explosion uncertainty quantification Radionuclide transport Biot effective stress coefficient Fracture permeability Matrix permeability

Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor h Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind neil M Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of health and human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIhR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,phat was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,phiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

how completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAhL,and Web of Science up to May *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template(CERT),and international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCTs of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after TIDieR and CERT publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

Intracranial pressure is elevated at 24h post-stroke inmice

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 60-64页

作者： Kirby E.Warren Rebecca J.hood Fredrick R.Walker neil J.Spratt School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia hunter Medical Research Institute NewLambton HeightsAustralia School of Biomedicine Discipline of Anatomy and PathologyFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewLambton HeightsAustralia

Background:It has long been assumed that post-stroke intracranial pressure(ICP)elevation occurs because of large infarct and edema ***,we have repeatedly shown IcP elevation at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of little to no edema in *** processes are often conserved across species and types of ***,we aimed to determine if an ICP rise occurs at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of small infarct and edema volumes in ***:Mice were randomized by random number table to either photothrombotic stroke or sham surgery(n=15).Epidural ICP was recorded using a fiber optic catheter at 1 h post-stroke(baseline)and between 23 and ***:ICP was significantly higher at 24 h compared to baseline in stroke animals(n=6;10.71±6.45mmhg vs.3.74±2.20mmhg,respec-tively;p=0.03).ICP at 24 h was also significantly higher in stroke mice compared to sham(n=6;3.45±1.43mmhg;p=0.02).There was no change in ICP in sham mice(p=0.9).Edema volumes in stroke animals were small(0.04±0.04 mm3)and unlikely to have caused significant ICP ***:This study provides evidence of an edema-independent ICP elevation following small ischemic stroke in *** occurrence of this rise supports our findings in other species and suggests it is caused by a previously undescribed mechanism.

关键词： cerebraledema intracranial pressure ischemic stroke

Current status and future of targeted peptide receptor radionuclide positron emission tomography imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1768-1780页

作者： neil Grey Michael Silosky Christopher h Lieu Bennett B Chin Radiology-Nuclear Medicine University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Radiology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Medical Oncology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States

Theranostics is the highly targeted molecular imaging and therapy of *** peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has taken the lead in demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of this molecular approach to treating ***,well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be most effectively imaged and treated with DOTATATE *** review the current practice,safety,advantages,and limitations of DOTATATE based ***,we briefly describe the exciting new areas of development and future directions of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.

关键词： DOTATATE Theranostics Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors 68Ga DOTATATE 177Lu DOTATATE Review

A POTENTIAL METhOD FOR DETERMINING ThE hAZ PROPERTIES IN WELDS USING TWO-MATERIAL IMPRESSION CREEP TEST

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 591-596页

作者： W.Sun T.h.hyde School of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UKSchool of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

The results of a theoretical and finite element (FE) investigation of a two-material impression creep test method, using a rectangular indenter, are presented. The method uses a general formulation for steady-state creep deformation for multi-material components in conjunction with the results of FE analyses. The practical application of the proposed technique, in determining the secondary creep properties of heat-affected zone (hAZ) materials in welds, for which conventional creep testing methods cannot be used, is considered. A number of numerical examples are used to describe solution procedures and to verify the method.

关键词： two-material impression creep general formulation creep property welds hAZ

Impact of frailty on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes in nonagenarians:A United States national experience

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 148-156页

作者： Sanket Dhirubhai Basida Dushyant Singh Dahiya Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf Brinda Basida Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani hassam Ali Sahib Singh Yash R Shah Daksh Ahluwalia Mihir Prakash Shah Saurabh Chandan neil R Sharma Shyam Thakkar Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Rheumatology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityNorth AugustaGA 30912United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Interventional Oncology&Surgical Endoscopy GI Oncology Tumor Site TeamParkview Cancer InstituteParkview HealthFort WayneIN 46845United States Section of Gastroenterology&hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is an essential therapeutic tool for biliary and pancreatic *** and elderly patients,especially those aged≥90 years are generally considered a higher-risk population for ERCP-related *** To investigate outcomes of ERCP in the Non-agenarian population(≥90 years)concerning *** This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readmission *** aged≥90 were identified who underwent ERCP,using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical *** hopkins’s adjusted clinical groups frailty indicator was used to classify patients as frail and *** primary outcome was mortality,and the secondary outcomes were morbidity and the 30 d readmission rate related to *** used univariate and multivariate regression models for *** A total of 9448 patients were admitted for any indications of *** and non-frail patients were 3445(36.46%)and 6003(63.53%)*** for ERCP were Choledocholithiasis(74.84%),Biliary pancreatitis(9.19%),Pancreatico-biliary cancer(7.6%),Biliary stricture(4.84%),and Cholangitis(1.51%).Mortality rates were higher in frail group[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.68,P=0.02].The Intra-procedural complications were insigni-ficant between the two groups which included bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.67),accidental punctures/lacerations(aOR=0.77,P=0.5),and mechanical ventilation rates(aOR=1.19,P=0.6).Post-ERCP complication rate was similar for bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.41)and post-ERCP pancreatitis(aOR=1.4,P=0.44).Frail patients had a longer length of stay(6.7 d vs 5.5 d)and higher mean total charges of hospitalization($78807 vs$71392)compared to controls(Phe 30 d all-cause readmission rates between frail and non-frail patients were similar(P=0.96).CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher mortality risk and healthcare burden amongst nonagenarian frail patients undergoing ERCP compared

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Nonagenarians Frailty Mortality healthcare burden

An immuno-epidemiological model for transient immune protection:A case study for viral respiratory infections

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 855-864页

作者： A.hoyer-Leitzel S.M.Iams A.J.haslam-hyde M.L.Zeeman N.h.Fefferman Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mount Holyoke College50 College StSouth HadleyMA01075USA John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Boston UniversityUSA Department of Mathematics Bowdoin CollegeUSA Dept of Mathematics&Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology&NIMBioS University of TennesseeKnoxvilleUSA

The dynamics of infectious disease in a population critically involves both within-host pathogen replication and between host pathogen *** modeling efforts have recently explored how within-host dynamics contribute to shaping population transmission,fewer have explored how ongoing circulation of an epidemic infectious disease can impact within-host immunological *** present a simple,influenza-inspired model that explores the potential for re-exposure during a single,ongoing outbreak to shape individual immune response and epidemiological potential in non-trivial *** show how even a simplified system can exhibit complex ongoing dy-namics and sensitive thresholds in *** also find epidemiological stochasticity likely plays a critical role in reinfection or in the maintenance of individual immunological protection over time.

关键词： Flow-kick dynamics Immuno-epidemiology Viral-immune mathematical model Immune boosting Priming number

The role of digital technologies in supporting and improving fishery and aquaculture across the supply chain-Quo Vadis?

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第4期8卷 365-374页

作者： neil J.Rowan Bioscience Research Institute Technological University of the ShannonMidlands Midwest(TUS)AthloneN37 HD68Ireland Empower Eco^(™)Innovation hub TUSAthloneN37 HD68Ireland CURAM Research Centre NUIGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Fish constitute important high protein products to meet the demands of an increasing global ***,the continued depletion of wild fish stocks is leading to increased strain on the aquaculture sector in terms of sustaining the supply of fish and seafood to global *** the fact that aquaculture is more diversified than other agriculture sectors,there are significant pressures on the industry to continue innovating in order to enable sustainability including increased fish production,improved appropriate selection of species,disease mitigation,reduced wastage,preventing environmental pollution and generating more employment *** viewpoint article addresses how digital transformation can help support and meet expansion needs of the fisheries/aquaculture industries that includes exploiting and harnessing ICT,IoT,Cloud-edge computing,AI,machine learning,immersive technologies and *** technologies are bringing significant operational benefits for global food chain,improving efficiencies and productivity,reducing waste,contamination and food *** focus on digital technologies has recently evolved to Industry 5.0 where AI and robotics are coupled with the human mind in order to advance human-centric *** viewpoint describes the role of Quadruple helix hub(academic-industry-government and society)in delivering a convergent holistic approach to meeting the diversity of fishery industry needs by connecting and placing fisheries centrally in a defined ecosystem of *** includes specialist training,testing technologies,providing access to finance and fostering disruption through aquaculture accelerator initiatives such as that provided by hatch *** digital Innovation hubs trans-regionally,nationally and internationally will also help mitigate against significant risks for the fisheries and aquaculture industry including climate change,global pandemics and conflicts that can jeopardize fish an

关键词： Digital transformation Sustainability End-to-end monitoring Food processing Disruptive innovation