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Integrative Zoology 2012年第1期7卷 41-47页

作者： Gilbert PROULX neil MacKENZIE Alpha Wildlife Research&Management Sherwood ParkAlbertaCanada

Over the past decade,extensive poisoning campaigns have been conducted in southern Saskatchewan to control Richardson’s ground squirrel Spermophilus richardsonii(Sabine,1822)*** campaigns might impact on predator abundance by decreasing prey levels,and also through secondary *** spotlighting,we investigated the relative abundance of American badgers Taxidea taxus(Schreber,1777)and red fox Vulpes vulpes(Linnaeus,1758)in 2 study areas with road access and crops,but with different levels of *** the study area with relatively low poisoning(19.6%of the area traversed by roads),there were 2.2 times more American badgers per km of road and 6.4 times more red foxes per km than in the study area with high poisoning(89.7%of the area).It is recommended that an Integrated Pest Management program be developed to conserve natural predators across landscapes.

关键词： ground squirrels poisoning populations predators

Herb-Induced Liver Injury: A Global Concern

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第9期24卷 643-644页

作者： neil Kaplowitz USC Research Center for Liver disease USC Keck School of Medicine

Chinese medicine and herb medicine though used to treat liver diseases are an important cause of liver injury. Many phytochemicals have the potential to injure the liver, some in a dose-related fashion and more often in an idiosyncratic fashion, meaning occurrence is uncommon to rare in the population using these treatments. As is the case with pharmaceuticals, the phytochemicals are usually tolerated despite either no or mild transient subclinical injury but rarely in some susceptible patients cause moderate to severe liver injury which is likely mediated by the adaptive immune system.

关键词： herb-induced liver injury diagnosis and management guideline Chinese medicine

Long-term, in vivo therapeutic effects of a single dose of miR-145 micelles for atherosclerosis

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 327-336页

作者： deborah d.Chin neil Patel Woori Lee Sonali Kanaya Jackson Cook Eun Ji Chung department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy Department of SurgeryKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States Mork Family department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of MedicineKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90033United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089United States

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the build-up of lipid-rich plaques in the arterial walls. The standard treatment for patients with atherosclerosis is statin therapy aimed to lower serum lipid levels. despite its widespread use, many patients taking statins continue to experience acute events. Thus, to develop improved and alternative therapies, we previously reported on microRNA-145 (miR-145 micelles) and its ability to inhibit atherosclerosis by targeting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Importantly, one dose of miR-145 micelles significantly abrogated disease progression when evaluated two weeks post-administration. Thus, in this study, to evaluate how long the sustained effects of miR-145 micelles can be maintained and towards identifying a dosing regimen that is practical for patients with chronic disease, the therapeutic effects of a single dose of miR-145 micelles were evaluated for up to two months in vivo. After one and two months post-treatment, miR-145 micelles were found to reduce plaque size and overall lesion area compared to all other controls including statins without causing adverse effects. Furthermore, a single dose of miR-145 micelle treatment inhibited VSMC transdifferentiation into pathogenic macrophage-like and osteogenic cells in plaques. Together, our data shows the long-term efficacy and sustained effects of miR-145 micelles that is amenable using a dosing frequency relevant to chronic disease patients.

关键词： MicroRNA-145 Atherosclerosis Vascular smooth muscle cell Nanoparticle Gene therapy

The effects of acquired paternal obesity on the next generation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第2期13卷 195-196页

作者： neil A Youngson Emma Whitelaw Queensland Institute of Medical Research 300 HerstonRoad Herston Brisbane 4006 Australia

It is well established that the health of mothers can influence the health of theiroffspring, i ms can occur as a result or me transfer of viruses or toxins via the placenta or the milk, a compromised nutrient supply to the embryo or abnormal behavioural inter- actions between mother and offspring） However, examples of paternal health affecting the next generation are rare.

关键词： Neurophysiology Learning and memory

Ampullary cancer of intestinal origin and duodenal cancer-A logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup in periampullary cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 407-415页

作者： Manju d Chandrasegaram Anthony J Gill Jas Samra Tim Price John Chen Jonathan Fawcett neil d Merrett the Prince Charles Hospital School of Medicine University of Queensland Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Cancer diagnosis and Pathology Group Kolling Institute of Medical Research Royal North Shore Hospital department of Surgery Royal North Shore Hospital Queen Elizabeth Hospital University of Adelaide Flinders Medical Centre Royal Adelaide Hospital Princess Alexandra Hospital department of Upper GI Surgery Bankstown Hospital discipline of Surgery Western Sydney University

Periampullary cancers include pancreatic, ampullary, biliary and duodenal cancers. At presentation, the majority of periampullary tumours have grown to involve the pancreas, bile duct, ampulla and duodenum. This can result in difficulty in defining the primary site of origin in all but the smallest tumors due to anatomical proximity and architectural distortion. This has led to variation in the reported proportions of resected periampullary cancers. Pancreatic cancer is the most common cancer resected with a pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by ampullary(16%-50%), bile duct(5%-39%), and duodenal cancer(3%-17%). Patients with resected duodenal and ampullary cancers have a better reported median survival(29-47 mo and 22-54 mo) compared to pancreatic cancer(13-19 mo). The poorer survival with pancreatic cancer relates to differences in tumour characteristics such as a higher incidence of nodal, neural and vascular invasion. While small ampullary cancers can present early with biliary obstruction, pancreatic cancers need to reach a certain size before biliary obstruction ensues. This larger size at presentation contributes to a higher incidence of resection margin involvement in pancreatic cancer. Ampullary cancers can be subdivided into intestinal or pancreatobiliary subtype cancers with histomolecular staining. This avoids relying on histomorphology alone, as even some poorly differentiated cancers preserve the histomolecular profile of their mucosa of origin. Histomolecular profiling is superior to anatomic location in prognosticating survival. Ampullary cancers of intestinal subtype and duodenal cancers are similar in their intestinal origin and form a logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup of periampullary cancers. They respond to 5-FU based chemotherapeutic regimens such as capecitabine-oxaliplatin. Unlike pancreatic cancers, KRAS mutation occurs in only approximately a third of ampullary and duodenal cancers. Future clinical trials should group ampullary cancer

关键词： Periampullary cancer Pancreatobiliary subtype Intestinal subtype Ampullary cancer duodenal cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Pancreaticoduodenectomy KRAS

Upper bounds of Schubert polynomials

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Science China Mathematics 2022年第6期65卷 1319-1330页

作者： neil Jiuyu Fan Peter Long Guo department of Mathematics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Center for Combinatorics LPMCNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Let w be a permutation of{1,2,...,n},and let d(w)be the Rothe diagram of *** Schubert polynomial■w_(x)can be realized as the dual character of the flagged Weyl module associated with d(w).This implies the following coefficient-wise inequality:Min_(x)≤■_(w)(x)≤Max_(w)xwhere both Min_(w)(x)and Max_(w)(x)are polynomials determined by d(w).Fink et al.(2018)found that■w_(x)equals the lower bound Min_(w)(x)if and only if w avoids twelve permutation *** this paper,we show that■w_(x)reaches the upper bound Max_(w)(x)if and only if w avoids two permutation patterns 1432 and ***,for any given compositionα∈Z^(n)≥0,one can define a lower bound Min_(α)(x)and an upper bound Max_(α)(x)for the key polynomialκ_(α)(x).Hodges and Yong(2020)established thatκ_(α)(x)equals Min_(α)(x)if and only ifαavoids five composition *** show thatκ_(α)(x)equals Max_(α)(x)if and only ifαavoids a single composition pattern(0,2).As an application,we obtain that whenαavoids(0,2),the key polynomialκ_(α)(x)is Lorentzian,partially verifying a conjecture of Huh et al.(2019).

关键词： Schubert polynomial key polynomial flagged Weyl module upper bound Lorentzian polynomial

Historical overview and review of current day treatment in the management of acute variceal haemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6481-6494页

作者： neil Rajoriya dhiraj Tripathi department of Hepatology The New Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham B15 2THUnited Kingdom

Variceal haemorrhage is one of the most devastating consequences of portal hypertension, with a 1-year mortality of 40%. With the passage of time, acute management strategies have developed with improved survival. The major historical treatment landmarks in the management of variceal haemorrhage can be divided into surgical, medical, endoscopic and radiological breakthroughs. We sought to provide a historical overview of the management of variceal haemorrhage and how treatment modalities over time have impacted on clinical outcomes. A PubMed search of the following terms: portal hypertension, variceal haemorrhage, gastric varices, oesophageal varices, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was performed. To complement this, Google™ was searched with the aforementioned terms. Other relevant references were identified after review of the reference lists of articles. The review of therapeutic advances was conducted divided into pre-1970s, 1970/80s, 1990s, 2000-2010 and post-2010. Also, a summary and review on the pathophysiology of portal hypertension and clinical outcomes in variceal haemorrhage was performed. Aided by the development of endoscopic therapies, medication and improved radiological interventions; the management of variceal haemorrhage has changed over recent decades with improved survival from an often-terminating event in recent past.

关键词： Variceal haemorrhage Oesophageal varices Gastric varices Portal hypertension

Current concepts and controversies in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第43期12卷 6909-6921页

作者： Catherine Rongey neil Kaplowitz Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program University of California at Los Angeles 911 Broxton Avenue Los Angeles CA 90024 United States department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Southern California 2011 Zonal Avenue Los Angeles CA 90033 United States

The treatment of alcoholic hepatitis remains one of the most debated topics in medicine and a field of continued research. In this review, we discuss the evolution of scoring systems, including the recent development of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score, role of liver biopsy and current treatment interventions. Studies of treatment interventions with glucocorticoids, pentoxifylline, infliximab, s-adenosyl-methionine, and colchicine are reviewed with discussion on quality. Glucocorticoids currently remain the mainstay of treatment for severe alcoholic hepatitis.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Treatment Glucocorticoid Biopsy Scoring system

Beyond the SdG 15.3.1 Good Practice Guidance 1.0 using the Google Earth Engine platform: developing a self-adjusting algorithm to detect significant changes in water use efficiency and net primary production

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Big Earth data 2023年第1期7卷 59-80页

作者： Andrea Markos neil Sims Gregory Giuliani Foundation for the Conservation of the Chiquitano Forest Santa CruzBolivia Bolivian National Academy of Sciences La PazBolivia Centre for Earth Observation Space&AstronomyCSIROClaytonAustralia GEO LdN Initiative Institute for Environmental Sciences EnviroSPACE LabUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Institute for Environmental Sciences GRID-GenevaUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Monitoring changes in Annual Net Primary Productivity(ANPP)is required for reporting on UN Sustainable development Goal(SdG)Indicator 15.3.1:the proportion of land that is degraded over the total land *** time-series observations of ANPP to derive Water Use Efficiency(WUE;a measure of ANPP per unit of evapotranspiration)can minimize the influence of climate factors on ANPP observations and highlight the influence of non-climatic drivers of degradation such as land use *** the ANPP and WUE time series may be useful for identifying the primary drivers of land degradation,which could be used to support the Land degradation Neutrality objectives of the UN Convention to Combat desertification(UNCCd).This paper presents an algorithm for the Google Earth Engine(freely and openly available upon request-http://***/10.5281/zenodo.4429773)to calculate and compare ANPP and WUE time series for Santa Cruz,Bolivia,which has recently experienced an intensification in its land *** code builds on the Good Practice Guidance document(ver-sion 1)for monitoring SdG Indicator *** use the MOdIS 16-day average,250 m resolution to demonstrate that the Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI)responds faster to changes in water avail-ability than the Normalized difference Vegetation Index(NdVI).We also consider the relationships between ANPP and *** and concordant trends may highlight good agricultural practices or increased resilience in ecosystem structure and productivity when they are positive or reducing resilience and functional integrity if *** sign and significance of the correlation between ANPP and WUE may also diverge over *** further analysis,it may be possible to interpret this relationship in terms of the drivers of change in plant productivity and ecosystem resilience.

关键词： Land degradation land productivity water use efficiency Google Earth Engine MOdIS Good Practice Guidance SdG 15.3.1

Impact of frailty on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes in nonagenarians:A United States national experience

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 148-156页

作者： Sanket dhirubhai Basida dushyant Singh dahiya Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf Brinda Basida Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Sahib Singh Yash R Shah daksh Ahluwalia Mihir Prakash Shah Saurabh Chandan neil R Sharma Shyam Thakkar department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States department of Rheumatology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityNorth AugustaGA 30912United States department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States division of Interventional Oncology&Surgical Endoscopy GI Oncology Tumor Site TeamParkview Cancer InstituteParkview HealthFort WayneIN 46845United States Section of Gastroenterology&Hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUNd Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is an essential therapeutic tool for biliary and pancreatic *** and elderly patients,especially those aged≥90 years are generally considered a higher-risk population for ERCP-related *** To investigate outcomes of ERCP in the Non-agenarian population(≥90 years)concerning *** This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readmission *** aged≥90 were identified who underwent ERCP,using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical *** Hopkins’s adjusted clinical groups frailty indicator was used to classify patients as frail and *** primary outcome was mortality,and the secondary outcomes were morbidity and the 30 d readmission rate related to *** used univariate and multivariate regression models for *** A total of 9448 patients were admitted for any indications of *** and non-frail patients were 3445(36.46%)and 6003(63.53%)*** for ERCP were Choledocholithiasis(74.84%),Biliary pancreatitis(9.19%),Pancreatico-biliary cancer(7.6%),Biliary stricture(4.84%),and Cholangitis(1.51%).Mortality rates were higher in frail group[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.68,P=0.02].The Intra-procedural complications were insigni-ficant between the two groups which included bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.67),accidental punctures/lacerations(aOR=0.77,P=0.5),and mechanical ventilation rates(aOR=1.19,P=0.6).Post-ERCP complication rate was similar for bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.41)and post-ERCP pancreatitis(aOR=1.4,P=0.44).Frail patients had a longer length of stay(6.7 d vs 5.5 d)and higher mean total charges of hospitalization($78807 vs$71392)compared to controls(Pd all-cause readmission rates between frail and non-frail patients were similar(P=0.96).CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher mortality risk and healthcare burden amongst nonagenarian frail patients undergoing ERCP compared

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Nonagenarians Frailty Mortality Healthcare burden