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Hyperhomocysteinemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and alcoholic liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第12期10卷 1699-1708页

作者： neil Kaplowitz Gastroenterology/Liver Division Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA

Deficiencies in vitamins or other factors(b6,b12,folic acid, betaine)and genetic disorders for the metabolism of the non-protein amino acid-homocysteine(Hcy)lead to hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy).HHcy is an integral component of several disorders including cardiovascular disease,neurodegeneration,diabetes and alcoholic liver *** unleashes mediators of inflammation such as NFκb,IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-8,increases production of intracellular superoxide anion causing oxidative stress and reducing intracellular level of nitric oxide(NO),and induces endoplasrnic reticulum(ER)stress which can explain many processes of Hcy-promoted cell injury such as apoptosis, fat accumulation,and *** models have played an important role in determining the biological effects of *** stress may also be involved in other liver diseases such as α_1-antitrypsin(α_1-AT)deficiency and hepatitis C and/or b virus *** research should evaluate the possible potentiative effects of alcohol and hepatic virus infection on ER stress-induced liver injury,study potentially beneficial effects of lowering Hcy and preventing ER stress in alcoholic humans,and examine polymorphisrn of Hcy metabolizing enzymes as potential risk-factors for the development of HHcy and liver disease.

关键词： Animals Endoplasmic Reticulum Humans Hyperhomocysteinemia Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Oxidative Stress

Current status and future of targeted peptide receptor radionuclide positron emission tomography imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1768-1780页

作者： neil Grey Michael Silosky Christopher H Lieu bennett b Chin Radiology-Nuclear Medicine University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Radiology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Medical Oncology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States

Theranostics is the highly targeted molecular imaging and therapy of *** peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has taken the lead in demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of this molecular approach to treating ***,well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be most effectively imaged and treated with DOTATATE *** review the current practice,safety,advantages,and limitations of DOTATATE based ***,we briefly describe the exciting new areas of development and future directions of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.

关键词： DOTATATE Theranostics Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors 68Ga DOTATATE 177Lu DOTATATE Review

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第1期33卷 40-45页

作者： Linda Dirven neil K.Aaronson Jan J.Heimans Martin J.b.Taphoorn Department of Neurology VU University Medical CenterPO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology The Netherlands Cancer InstitutePO Box 90203 1006 BE Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Neurology Medical Center HaaglandenPO Box 432 2501 CK The Hague Netherlands

Gliomas are malignant primary brain tumors and yet incurable. Palliation and the maintenance or improvement of the patient's quality of life is therefore of main importance. For that reason, health-related quality of life(HRQoL) has become an important outcome measure in clinical trials, next to traditional outcome measures such as overall and progression-free survivals, and radiological response to treatment. HRQoL is a multidimensional concept covering physical, psychological, and social domains, as well as symptoms induced by the disease and its treatment. HRQoL is assessed by using self-reported, validated questionnaires. Various generic HRQoL questionnaires, which can be supplemented with a brain tumor- specific module, are available. both the tumor and its treatment can have a negative effect on HRQoL. However, treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and supportive treatment may also improve patients' HRQoL, in addition to extending survival. It is expected that the impact of HRQoL measurements in both clinical trials and clinical practice will increase. Hence, it is important that HRQoL data are collected, analyzed, and interpreted correctly. Methodological issues such as selection bias and missing data may hamper the interpretation of HRQoL data and should therefore be accounted. In clinical trials, HRQoL can be used to assess the benefits of a new treatment strategy, which should be weighed carefully against the adverse effects of that treatment. In daily clinical practice, HRQoL assessments of an individual patient can be used to inform physicians about the impact of a specific treatment strategy, and it may facilitate the communication between the physicians and the patients.

关键词：生活质量胶质瘤健康患者放射治疗临床试验质量评估临床实践

Advancements in assessing soil health through functional traits and energy flow analysis of soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 21-30页

作者： Jingnan Zhang Shiyu Li Elly Morrien neil b.McLaughlin Shixiu Zhang School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChineseAcademy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Institute of biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(IbED-ELD) Department of Ecosystem and Landscape DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHA msterdamThe Netherlands Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1AoC6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China

We examined the development of soil nematodes ecological indices from the perspective off *** found that soil nematode energy flow analyses based on multiple functional traits quantify the dynamics of energy flow across multipletrophic levels to provide a more comprehensive *** conducted comparative analyses of the sensitivities of NMF and energy flow to verify that the energy flow analyses are more sensitive and have greater potential to reveal soil health and ecosystem *** in-depth studies of functional traits and energy flow analysis can help us achieve informed soil management practices,sustainable agriculture,*** Tess CT Nematode ecological index based on functional traits:MI El,S,bI,C1 NMF bongen.1990 Ferrisetal,2001 Ferris,2010 energs low analysis of soil nematodes Compare thecological index(NMf)and bacterivores(ba)Functional traits Energy flux Fungihores(Fn)rahn Soilnematodes latitude Lindicator Plant-parasites(PP)PF Energflus Soilhealth Omnivores-predators(oP)latitude Energy flow analysis of soil nematodes:by quantifying energy fux among trophic groups barbes et al.,2014,2018 This paper examines the development of ecological indices for soil nematodes from the perspective of functional *** emphasizes the increasing significance of integrating multiple functional traits to achieve a more accurate assessment of soil *** indices based on life history strategies,feeding habits,and body size provide useful tools for assessing soil ***,these indices do not fully capture the dynamics ofenergyflow across multiple-trophic levels inthesoil foodweb,which is critical fora deeperunderstanding of the intrinsic properties of soil *** combining functional traits such as functional group,body size,feeding preference and metabolic rate,nematode energy flow analyses provide a more comprehensive *** approach establishes a direct correlation between changes

关键词： soil nematodes soil health nematodefoodweb functional traits energyflux

Historical overview and review of current day treatment in the management of acute variceal haemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6481-6494页

作者： neil Rajoriya Dhiraj Tripathi Department of Hepatology The New Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham B15 2THUnited Kingdom

Variceal haemorrhage is one of the most devastating consequences of portal hypertension, with a 1-year mortality of 40%. With the passage of time, acute management strategies have developed with improved survival. The major historical treatment landmarks in the management of variceal haemorrhage can be divided into surgical, medical, endoscopic and radiological breakthroughs. We sought to provide a historical overview of the management of variceal haemorrhage and how treatment modalities over time have impacted on clinical outcomes. A PubMed search of the following terms: portal hypertension, variceal haemorrhage, gastric varices, oesophageal varices, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was performed. To complement this, Google™ was searched with the aforementioned terms. Other relevant references were identified after review of the reference lists of articles. The review of therapeutic advances was conducted divided into pre-1970s, 1970/80s, 1990s, 2000-2010 and post-2010. Also, a summary and review on the pathophysiology of portal hypertension and clinical outcomes in variceal haemorrhage was performed. Aided by the development of endoscopic therapies, medication and improved radiological interventions; the management of variceal haemorrhage has changed over recent decades with improved survival from an often-terminating event in recent past.

关键词： Variceal haemorrhage Oesophageal varices Gastric varices Portal hypertension

Residue Return Effects Outweigh Tillage Effects on Soil Microbial Communities and Functional Genes in black Soil Region of Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第4期33卷 679-692页

作者： WANG Qian JIA Shuxia LIANG Aizhen CHEN Xuewen ZHANG Shixiu ZHANG Yan neil b MCLAUGHLIN GAO Yan HUANG Dandan Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China School of Geography Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Forestry Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1A 0C6Canada

Conservation tillage as an effective alternative to mitigate soil degradation has attracted worldwide attention,but the influences of conservation tillage on soil microbial community and especially function remain *** metagenomics sequencing was performed to examine the taxonomic and functional community variations of black soils under three tillage regimes,namely no-tillage with residue(maize straw)return(NTS),moldboard plow with residue return(MPS),and moldboard plow without residue return(MPN)in Northeast *** results revealed:1)Soil bacterial and archaeal communities differed significantly under different tillage regimes in contrast to soil fungal community.2)The overlay of less tillage and residues return under NTS led to unique soil microbial community composition and functional ***,in contrast to other treatments,NTS increased the relative abundances of some taxa such as bradyrhizobium,Candidatus Solibacter,and Reyranella,along with the relative abundances of some taxa such as Sphingomonas,Unclassified Chloroflexi and Nitrososphaera decreased;NTS had a unique advantage of increasing the relative abundances of genes involved in‘ATP-binding cassette(AbC)transporters’and‘quorum sensing(QS)’pathways,while MPN favored the genes involved in‘flagellar assembly’pathway and some metabolic pathways such as‘carbon’and‘glyoxylate and dicarboxylate’and‘selenocompound’metabolisms.3)Significantly different soil bacterial phyla(Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,and Chloroflexi)and metabolic pathways existed between MPN and another two treatments(NTS and MPS),while did not exist between NTS and MPS.4)Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and soil bulk density were significantly affected(Pby tillage and accounted for the variance both in microbial(bacterial)community structure and functional *** results indicated that a change in tillage regime from conventional to conservation tillage results in a shift of microbial community and

关键词： no-tillage microbial community composition Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways soil properties

Rediscovering Don Swanson:The Past,Present and Future of Literature-based Discovery

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2017年第4期2卷 43-64页

作者： neil R.Smalheiser Department of Psychiatry University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he ***/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-b-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-b-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//***）, as does bITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//***/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//***/）. bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery t

关键词： Literature-based discovery biography Text mining Knowledge discovery indatabases Implicit information Information science

Obesity-induced sperm DNA methylation changes at satellite repeats are reprogrammed in rat offspring

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 930-936页

作者： neil A Youngson Virginie Lecomte Christopher A Maloney Preston Leung Jia Liu Luke b Hesson Fabio Luciani Lutz Krause Margaret J Morris Department of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Inflammation and Infection Research School of Medical Sciences UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Adult Cancer Program Lowy Cancer Research Centre and Prince of Wales Clinical School UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia QIMR berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Brisbane Queensland 4006 Australia University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Translational Research Institute University of Queensland 37 Kent Street Woolleongabba Queensland 4102 Australia

There is now strong evidence that the paternal contribution to offspring phenotype at fertilisation is more than just DNA. However, the identity and mechanisms of this nongenetic inheritance are poorly understood. One of the more important questions in this research area is： do changes in sperm DNA methylation have phenotypic consequences for offspring？ We have previously reported that offspring of obese male rats have altered glucose metabolism compared with controls and that this effect was inherited through nongenetic means. Here, we describe investigations into sperm DNA methylation in a new cohort using the same protocol. Male rats on a high-fat diet were 30% heavier than control-fed males at the time of mating （16-19 weeks old, n = 14/14）. A small （0.25%） increase in total 5-methyl-2＇-deoxycytidine was detected in obese rat spermatozoa by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Examination of the repetitive fraction of the genome with methyI-CpG binding domain protein-enriched genome sequencing （MbD-Seq） and pyrosequencing revealed that retrotransposon DNA methylation states in spermatozoa were not affected by obesity, but methylation at satellite repeats throughout the genome was increased. However, examination of muscle, liver, and spermatozoa from male 27-week-old offspring from obese and control fathers （both groups from n = 8 fathers） revealed that normal DNA methylation levels were restored during offspring development. Furthermore, no changes were found in three genomic imprints in obese rat spermatozoa. Our findings have implications for transgenerational epigenetic reprogramming. They suggest that postfertilization mechanisms exist for normalising some environmentally-induced DNA methylation changes in sperm cells.

关键词： methylation obesity spermatozoa

Localized orbital scaling correction for systematic elimination of delocalization error in density functional approximations

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National Science Review 2018年第2期5卷 203-215页

作者： Chen Li Xiao Zheng neil Qiang Su Weitao Yang Department of Chemistry Duke University Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Department of Physics Duke University Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment School of Chemistry and EnvironmentSouth China Normal University

The delocalization error of popular density functional approximations(DFAs) leads to diversified problems in present-day density functional theory calculations. For achieving a universal elimination of delocalization error, we develop a localized orbital scaling correction(LOSC) framework, which unifies our previously proposed global and local scaling approaches. The LOSC framework accurately characterizes the distributions of global and local fractional electrons, and is thus capable of correcting system energy, energy derivative and electron density in a self-consistent and size-consistent manner. The LOSC–DFAs lead to systematically improved results, including the dissociation of cationic species, the band gaps of molecules and polymer chains, the energy and density changes upon electron addition and removal, and photoemission spectra.

关键词： localized orbital scaling correction delocalization error density functional approximation localized frontier orbital local fraction orbitalet