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Advancements in assessing soil health through functional traits and energy flow analysis of soil

Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 21-30页

作者： Jingnan Zhang Shiyu Li Elly Morrien neil b.mclaughlin Shixiu Zhang School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChineseAcademy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130012China Institute of biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(IbED-ELD) Department of Ecosystem and Landscape DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHA msterdamThe Netherlands Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1AoC6Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China

We examined the development of soil nematodes ecological indices from the perspective off *** found that soil nematode energy flow analyses based on multiple functional traits quantify the dynamics of energy flow across multipletrophic levels to provide a more comprehensive *** conducted comparative analyses of the sensitivities of NMF and energy flow to verify that the energy flow analyses are more sensitive and have greater potential to reveal soil health and ecosystem *** in-depth studies of functional traits and energy flow analysis can help us achieve informed soil management practices,sustainable agriculture,*** Tess CT Nematode ecological index based on functional traits:MI El,S,bI,C1 NMF bongen.1990 Ferrisetal,2001 Ferris,2010 energs low analysis of soil nematodes Compare thecological index(NMf)and bacterivores(ba)Functional traits Energy flux Fungihores(Fn)rahn Soilnematodes latitude Lindicator Plant-parasites(PP)PF Energflus Soilhealth Omnivores-predators(oP)latitude Energy flow analysis of soil nematodes:by quantifying energy fux among trophic groups barbes et al.,2014,2018 This paper examines the development of ecological indices for soil nematodes from the perspective of functional *** emphasizes the increasing significance of integrating multiple functional traits to achieve a more accurate assessment of soil *** indices based on life history strategies,feeding habits,and body size provide useful tools for assessing soil ***,these indices do not fully capture the dynamics ofenergyflow across multiple-trophic levels inthesoil foodweb,which is critical fora deeperunderstanding of the intrinsic properties of soil *** combining functional traits such as functional group,body size,feeding preference and metabolic rate,nematode energy flow analyses provide a more comprehensive *** approach establishes a direct correlation between changes

关键词： soil nematodes soil health nematodefoodweb functional traits energyflux

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Residue Return Effects Outweigh Tillage Effects on Soil Microbial Communities and Functional Genes in black Soil Region of Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第4期33卷 679-692页

作者： WANG Qian JIA Shuxia LIANG Aizhen CHEN Xuewen ZHANG Shixiu ZHANG Yan neil b mclaughlin GAO Yan HUANG Dandan Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China School of Geography Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Forestry Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa K1A 0C6Canada

Conservation tillage as an effective alternative to mitigate soil degradation has attracted worldwide attention,but the influences of conservation tillage on soil microbial community and especially function remain *** metagenomics sequencing was performed to examine the taxonomic and functional community variations of black soils under three tillage regimes,namely no-tillage with residue(maize straw)return(NTS),moldboard plow with residue return(MPS),and moldboard plow without residue return(MPN)in Northeast *** results revealed:1)Soil bacterial and archaeal communities differed significantly under different tillage regimes in contrast to soil fungal community.2)The overlay of less tillage and residues return under NTS led to unique soil microbial community composition and functional ***,in contrast to other treatments,NTS increased the relative abundances of some taxa such as bradyrhizobium,Candidatus Solibacter,and Reyranella,along with the relative abundances of some taxa such as Sphingomonas,Unclassified Chloroflexi and Nitrososphaera decreased;NTS had a unique advantage of increasing the relative abundances of genes involved in‘ATP-binding cassette(AbC)transporters’and‘quorum sensing(QS)’pathways,while MPN favored the genes involved in‘flagellar assembly’pathway and some metabolic pathways such as‘carbon’and‘glyoxylate and dicarboxylate’and‘selenocompound’metabolisms.3)Significantly different soil bacterial phyla(Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,and Chloroflexi)and metabolic pathways existed between MPN and another two treatments(NTS and MPS),while did not exist between NTS and MPS.4)Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and soil bulk density were significantly affected(Pby tillage and accounted for the variance both in microbial(bacterial)community structure and functional *** results indicated that a change in tillage regime from conventional to conservation tillage results in a shift of microbial community and

关键词： no-tillage microbial community composition Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways soil properties

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bentonite-humic acid improves soil organic carbon,microbial biomass,enzyme activities and grain quality in a sandy soil cropped to maize(Zea mays L.) in a semi-arid region

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第1期21卷 208-221页

作者： ZHOU Lei XU Sheng-tao Carlos M.MONREAL neil b.mclaughlin ZHAO bao-ping LIU Jing-hui HAO Guo-cheng Cereal Industry Collaborative Innovation Center Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010019P.R.China College of Agronomy Inner Mongolia University for The NationalitiesTongliao 028000P.R.China Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205P.R.China Inner Mongolia Trirock Co. Ltd.Naiman BannerTongliao 028300P.R.China

A bentonite-humic acid(b-HA) mixture added to degraded soils may improve soil physical and hydraulic properties, due to effects such as improved soil structure and increased water and nutrient retention, but its effect on soil physicochemical and biological properties, and grain quality is largely unknown. The effect of b-HA, added at 30 Mg ha^(-1), was studied at 1,3, 5 and 7 years after its addition to a degraded sandy soil in a semi-arid region of China. The addition of b-HA significantly increased water-filled pore space and soil organic carbon, especially at 3 to 5 years after its soil addition to the soil. Amending the sandy soil with b-HA also increased the content of microbial biomass(Mb)-carbon,-nitrogen and-phosphorus, and the activities of urease, invertase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase. The significant effect of maize(Zea mays L.) growth stage on soil Mb and enzyme activities accounted for 58 and 84% of their total variation, respectively. In comparison, b-HA accounted for 8% of the total variability for each of the same two variables. b-HA significantly enhanced soil properties and the uptake of N and P by maize in semi-arid areas. The use of b-HA product would be an effective management strategy to reclaim degraded sandy soils and foster sustainable agriculture production in northeast China and regions of the world with similar soils and climate.

关键词： bentonite-humic acid soil organic carbon microbial biomass enzyme activity grain quality sandy soil

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A Potential Flood Hazard Caused by Tianchi Volcano Eruption in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第5期8卷 677-681页

作者： bAO Kunshan WANG Guoping LU Xianguo neil b. mclaughlin Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Jilin 130012 China Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre Research Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada K.W. Neatby Building 960 Carling Avenue Ottawa ON KIA oC6 Canada

Geohazards appear to be increasing in frequency globally. It is of necessity to actively manage these natural hazards to minimize loss of life and property. From an early warning perspective, this paper stresses the potential fatal flood hazard represented by the huge volume of water in Tianchi Lake, the unique geography of Changbai Mountain, and the limited flood control ability in the upstream of the Songhua River. Northeast Asian countries should keep a watchful eye on the Changbai volcano cooperatively, and Chinese government especially needs to prepare plans for fighting a flood in advance.

关键词： Volcano eruption Natural geohazards Flood disaster Active volcano Changbai Mountain Northeast China

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The synthesis of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs)

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第8期60卷 1023-1032页

作者： neil b.McKeown School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3F J U

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity （PIMs） are a class of porous organic polymer （POP） that form microporous solids due to the inefficient packing of their rigid and contorted macromolecular chains. In contrast to other types of POP, PIMs are not comprised of a network of cross-linked covalent bonds so that they can be dissolved in organic solvents and processed into robust films, coatings or fibres. Here, over twelve years＇ accumulated research on the synthesis of PIMs is reviewed. To date, three types of polymerisation reaction have been used successfully to prepare PIMs of sufficient molecular mass to form robust self-standing films. These involve the formation of dibenzodioxin, Tr6ger＇s base and imide linkages between monomeric units. This rapid development of synthetic methods for preparing PIMs has been driven by their rich potential for numerous diverse applications and this synergistic relationship between synthesis and functionality is set to continue.

关键词： polymers of intrinsic microporosity synthesis porous organic polymers

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大豆-小麦-玉米轮作体系下长期施肥对大豆田土壤线虫种群结构的影响

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大豆科技 2011年第1期 37-37页

作者： FengjuanPan neil b．mclaughlin QingYu Allen G．Xue YanliXu XiaozengHan ChunjieLi DanZhao 战丽莉（摘译）

本文对长期施肥大豆-小麦-玉米轮作体系下，大豆田土壤线虫种群结构做以研究。试验小区施肥长达13年，包括三种施肥处理：不施肥（NF）、化肥（尿素和磷酸氢二铵，CF）和化肥配施有机肥（MCF）。在5～10月大豆的5个生长期取样，用于计... 详细信息

本文对长期施肥大豆-小麦-玉米轮作体系下，大豆田土壤线虫种群结构做以研究。试验小区施肥长达13年，包括三种施肥处理：不施肥（NF）、化肥（尿素和磷酸氢二铵，CF）和化肥配施有机肥（MCF）。在5～10月大豆的5个生长期取样，用于计算土壤线虫的种群结构和生态指数。施肥对植物寄生线虫、食细菌和食真菌线虫丰富度具有显著影响（P〈0．05），但对总土壤线虫和杂食一捕食线虫影响不显著。

关键词：种群结构肥料土壤线虫大豆土壤性质

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Hyperhomocysteinemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and alcoholic liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第12期10卷 1699-1708页

作者： neil Kaplowitz Gastroenterology/Liver Division Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA

Deficiencies in vitamins or other factors(b6,b12,folic acid, betaine)and genetic disorders for the metabolism of the non-protein amino acid-homocysteine(Hcy)lead to hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy).HHcy is an integral component of several disorders including cardiovascular disease,neurodegeneration,diabetes and alcoholic liver *** unleashes mediators of inflammation such as NFκb,IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-8,increases production of intracellular superoxide anion causing oxidative stress and reducing intracellular level of nitric oxide(NO),and induces endoplasrnic reticulum(ER)stress which can explain many processes of Hcy-promoted cell injury such as apoptosis, fat accumulation,and *** models have played an important role in determining the biological effects of *** stress may also be involved in other liver diseases such as α_1-antitrypsin(α_1-AT)deficiency and hepatitis C and/or b virus *** research should evaluate the possible potentiative effects of alcohol and hepatic virus infection on ER stress-induced liver injury,study potentially beneficial effects of lowering Hcy and preventing ER stress in alcoholic humans,and examine polymorphisrn of Hcy metabolizing enzymes as potential risk-factors for the development of HHcy and liver disease.

关键词： Animals Endoplasmic Reticulum Humans Hyperhomocysteinemia Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Oxidative Stress

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Current status and future of targeted peptide receptor radionuclide positron emission tomography imaging and therapy of gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1768-1780页

作者： neil Grey Michael Silosky Christopher H Lieu bennett b Chin Radiology-Nuclear Medicine University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Radiology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States Medical Oncology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States

Theranostics is the highly targeted molecular imaging and therapy of *** peptide receptor radionuclide therapy has taken the lead in demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of this molecular approach to treating ***,well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be most effectively imaged and treated with DOTATATE *** review the current practice,safety,advantages,and limitations of DOTATATE based ***,we briefly describe the exciting new areas of development and future directions of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.

关键词： DOTATATE Theranostics Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors 68Ga DOTATATE 177Lu DOTATATE Review

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第1期33卷 40-45页

作者： Linda Dirven neil K.Aaronson Jan J.Heimans Martin J.b.Taphoorn Department of Neurology VU University Medical CenterPO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam Netherlands Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology The Netherlands Cancer InstitutePO Box 90203 1006 BE Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Neurology Medical Center HaaglandenPO Box 432 2501 CK The Hague Netherlands

Gliomas are malignant primary brain tumors and yet incurable. Palliation and the maintenance or improvement of the patient's quality of life is therefore of main importance. For that reason, health-related quality of life(HRQoL) has become an important outcome measure in clinical trials, next to traditional outcome measures such as overall and progression-free survivals, and radiological response to treatment. HRQoL is a multidimensional concept covering physical, psychological, and social domains, as well as symptoms induced by the disease and its treatment. HRQoL is assessed by using self-reported, validated questionnaires. Various generic HRQoL questionnaires, which can be supplemented with a brain tumor- specific module, are available. both the tumor and its treatment can have a negative effect on HRQoL. However, treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and supportive treatment may also improve patients' HRQoL, in addition to extending survival. It is expected that the impact of HRQoL measurements in both clinical trials and clinical practice will increase. Hence, it is important that HRQoL data are collected, analyzed, and interpreted correctly. Methodological issues such as selection bias and missing data may hamper the interpretation of HRQoL data and should therefore be accounted. In clinical trials, HRQoL can be used to assess the benefits of a new treatment strategy, which should be weighed carefully against the adverse effects of that treatment. In daily clinical practice, HRQoL assessments of an individual patient can be used to inform physicians about the impact of a specific treatment strategy, and it may facilitate the communication between the physicians and the patients.

关键词：生活质量胶质瘤健康患者放射治疗临床试验质量评估临床实践

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Historical overview and review of current day treatment in the management of acute variceal haemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6481-6494页

作者： neil Rajoriya Dhiraj Tripathi Department of Hepatology The New Queen Elizabeth HospitalBirmingham B15 2THUnited Kingdom

Variceal haemorrhage is one of the most devastating consequences of portal hypertension, with a 1-year mortality of 40%. With the passage of time, acute management strategies have developed with improved survival. The major historical treatment landmarks in the management of variceal haemorrhage can be divided into surgical, medical, endoscopic and radiological breakthroughs. We sought to provide a historical overview of the management of variceal haemorrhage and how treatment modalities over time have impacted on clinical outcomes. A PubMed search of the following terms: portal hypertension, variceal haemorrhage, gastric varices, oesophageal varices, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was performed. To complement this, Google™ was searched with the aforementioned terms. Other relevant references were identified after review of the reference lists of articles. The review of therapeutic advances was conducted divided into pre-1970s, 1970/80s, 1990s, 2000-2010 and post-2010. Also, a summary and review on the pathophysiology of portal hypertension and clinical outcomes in variceal haemorrhage was performed. Aided by the development of endoscopic therapies, medication and improved radiological interventions; the management of variceal haemorrhage has changed over recent decades with improved survival from an often-terminating event in recent past.

关键词： Variceal haemorrhage Oesophageal varices Gastric varices Portal hypertension

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