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Evaluation of berries of Phytolacca dodecandra for growth inhibition of Histoplasma capsulatum *** and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in Ethiopia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 505-510页

作者： negesse mekonnen Eyasu Makonnen Nigatu Aklilu Gobena Ameni Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineAddis Ababa University Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad(SPANA) School of Veterinary MedicineAddis Ababa University

Objective:To evaluate the berries of Phytolacca dodecundra(***) for its effect on Histoplasma cupsulatum ***(HCF) and for the treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis(***:Samples were collected from un-ruptured nodules of cases of EL at Debre Zeit and Akaki(central Ethiopia).Mycologieal culture and isolation of HCF were performed at the Akliln Lemma Institute of *** screening was done for n-butanol extract of *** to delect alkaloids,saponins,phenolic compounds and *** minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations(MFCs) ol aqueous and n-butanol extracts of *** against FICF were determined by agar dilution *** the in vivo trial.5%simple ointment was prepared from n-butanol extract and applied topically to 24(twelve early and twelve moderate) cases of ***:Phytochemical screening showed that n-butanol extract ol *** was positive lor *** and phenolic compounds but negative for *** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.039%-0.078%) and(0.625%-1.250%),*** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.078%t-0.156%)and(1.250%-2.500%),*** MIC and MFC of ketoconazole(positive control) was(1.200×10^(-5)%-2.500×10^(-5)%) and(5.000× 10^(-5)%-1.000×10^(-4)%),respectively while growth was observed on free medium(negative control).From the total of 24 treated cases of EL,14(58.3%) responded lo treatment;however,10(41.7%) did not respond to *** was no significant difference in the degree of response to treatment between early and moderate cases(χ~2=0.086:P=***:It can be concluded that n-butanol extract of *** demonstrates antifungal effects while the aqueous extract shows no antifungal activity.

关键词： Epizootic lymphangitis Phytolacca dodecandra Histoplasma capsulatum var.farciminosum Minimum inhibitory concentration Minimum fungicidal concentration Phytochemical screening Antifungal activity Agar dilution assay Mycological culture In vivo trial Contagious disease Chronic disease Lymphangitis

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Mathematical modeling with optimal control analysis of social media addiction

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 405-419页

作者： Haileyesus Tessema Alemneh negesse Yizengaw Alemu Department of Mathematics College of Natural and Computational SciencesUniversity of GondarGondarEthiopia

In this paper,we developed a deterministic mathematical model of social media addiction(SMA)with an optimal control *** qualitative analysis like the social media addiction free equilibrium point(E_(0)),endemic equilibrium point(E^(*)),basic reproduction number eR0T,were *** the stability analysis,we found that the social media addiction free equilibrium point(SMAFEP)is locally asymptotically stable if R_(0)1 the unique endemic equilibruim is locally assymptotically *** using Center Manifold theorem,the model exhabits a forward bifurcation at R_(0)=*** sensitivity of model parameters is done using the normalized forward sensitivity index ***,we introduced two time dependent controls on the basic model and formulated an optimal control ***,we used the Pontryagin’s maximum principle to find the optimal system of the *** simulations,on the optimal control problem using the fourth-order Range-Kutta forward-backward sweep method,on the suggested strategies for SMA is *** found that to effectively control SMA at a specified period of time,stakeholders and policymakers must apply the integrated control strategies C.

关键词： Social media addiction Compartmental model Stablity analysis Optimal control Numerical simulation

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Availability and Nutritive Value of Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira fusiformis</i>) from Arenguade and Chitu Lakes of Rift Valley of Ethiopia and Farmers’ Perception about Its Utilization

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2019年第4期9卷 414-428页

作者： Eden Getachew Tegene negesse Ajebu Nurfeta College of Agriculture Jinka University Jinka Ethiopia School of Animal and Range Sciences College of Agriculture Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia

Farmers perception about availability and utilization of Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis) were assessed and its nutritive value compared against reference proteins (soybean and nuge cake). Samples of Spirulina were collected from Arenguade and Chitu lakes of rift valley of Ethiopia. A survey was conducted on purposively selected 100 households (HH) living around the Lakes which are located in Gerbicha and Labu subuqa districts of Debre Zeit town and west Arsi zone, respectively. Chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and total gas volume (TGV) of feed samples were determined. Respondents of both districts are not aware of Spirulina as animal feed. Spirulina was available during dry season in Arenguade and whole year in Chitu. The highest (p 0.05) in crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents between Spirulina from both lakes. Spirulina from Chitu produced the highest TGV (31.2 ml) and fermented faster than Spirulina from Arenguade. Lowest (p < 0.05) ash, EE, CP and IVDMD and higher (p < 0.05) CF, NDF, ADF, ADL and TGV were recorded for reference proteins than Spirulina. ME content of Spirulina (3200 kcal/kg) was higher (p < 0.05) than that of nuge cake (3011 kcal/kg) but lower (p < 0.05) than that of soybean (3474 kcal/kg). Therefore, the chemical composition and IVDMD showed the potential of Spirulina to be used as a substitute of the reference feeds.

关键词： Spirulina Lake Arenguade Lake Chitu Reference Feed Chemical Composition

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