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2019年全球、地区和国家5岁以下儿童呼吸道合胞病毒引发急性下呼吸道感染疾病负担研究的系统分析

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中国病毒病杂志 2023年第2期13卷 81-95页

作者： You Li Xin Wang Dianna M.Blau Mauricio T.Caballero Daniel R.Feikin Christopher J.gill Shabir A.Madhi Saad B.Omer Eric A.F Simoes Harry Campbell Ana Bermejo Pariente Darmaa Bardach Quique Bassat Jean-Sebastien Casalegno Giorgi Chakhunashvili Nigel Crawford Daria Danilenko Lien Anh Ha Do Marcela Echavarria Angela Gentile Aubree Gordon Terho Heikkinen QSue Huang Sophie Jullien Anand Krishnan Eduardo Luis Lopez Josko Markic Ainara Mira-Iglesias Hannah CMoore Jocelyn Moyes Lawrence Mwananyanda DJames Nokes Faseeha Noordeen Evangeline Obodai Nandhini Palani Candice Romero Vahid Salimi Ashish Satav Euri Seo Zakhar Shchomak Rosalyn Singleton Kirill Stolyarov Sonia K Stoszek Anne von Gottberg Danielle Wurzel Lay-Myint Yoshida Chee Fu Yung Heather J Zar Harish Nair 张甜甜从兵兵邓舒予不详南京医科大学公共卫生学院江苏南京211166

背景呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是引起婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染最常见的病原体。此前估计,2015年全球60月龄以下儿童共发生3 310万次RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染,导致118 200人死亡。此后,几项社区监测研究获得了对RS... 详细信息

背景呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是引起婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染最常见的病原体。此前估计,2015年全球60月龄以下儿童共发生3 310万次RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染,导致118 200人死亡。此后,几项社区监测研究获得了对RSV相关社区死亡的更精确估计。本文旨在更新2019年全球、地区和国家层面60月龄以下儿童RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染的发病率和死亡率,重点关注总体死亡率和在研RSV免疫制剂针对的更窄的婴儿年龄组。方法检索获得MEDLINE、Embase、Global Health、CINAHL、Web of Science、LILACS、OpenGrey、中国知网、万方和维普数据库2017—2020年发表文献中的新数据,并纳入RSV GEN合作者提供的未发表数据,以扩展全球RSV疾病负担数据集。纳入的研究符合以下条件:报告了社区中或需要住院治疗的60月龄以下儿童RSV原发性急性下呼吸道感染的数据;报告了至少连续12个月的数据,但院内病死率或RSV季节性定义明确的地区除外;报告了RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染的发病率、住院率、院内病死率或急性下呼吸道感染住院的RSV阳性比例。如果病例定义不明或应用不一致、RSV感染未经实验室确认或仅基于血清学检测、报告的急性下呼吸道感染病例少于50例,则排除该研究。本研究应用广义线性混合效应模型(generalized linear mixed-effects model,GLMM)估计了2019年全球和地区(按国家发展状况和世界银行收入分类)RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染的发病率、住院率和院内病死率;通过基于危险因素的模型估计了国家层面RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染的发病率;通过GLMM开发了新模型,纳入最新的RSV社区死亡率数据,用于估计RSV的总体死亡率。本综述已在PROSPERO注册(CRD42021252400)。结果除了先前综述中纳入的317项研究外,还纳入了113项符合条件的新研究以及51项未发表的研究,共计481项研究。据估计,2019年全球60月龄以下儿童中,共发生3 300万(置信区间为2 540万~4 460万)次RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染,导致360万(290万~460万)例住院、26 300(15 100~49 100)例院内死亡以及101 400(84 500~125 200)例可归因于RSV的总死亡数。在0~6个月的婴儿中,共发生660万(460万~970万)次RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染,导致140万(100万~200万)例住院、13 300(6 800~28 100)例院内死亡以及45 700(38 400~55 900)例可归因于RSV的总死亡数。60月龄以下和28 d~6月龄儿童的死亡中分别有2.0%(置信区间为1.6%~2.4%)和3.6%(3.0%~4.4%)归因于RSV。在各年龄组中,95%以上的RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染事件和97%以上的可归因于RSV的死亡事件都发生在中低收入国家。结论 RSV显著增加了全球60月龄以下儿童的发病和死亡负担,尤其是在出生后前6个月和中低收入国家。本研究强调了全球RSV疾病的总体死亡率负担,60月龄以下儿童中,每50例死亡就有1例可归因于RSV;28 d至6个月大的婴儿中,每28例死亡就有1例可归因于RSV。每1例RSV相关急性下呼吸道感染院内死亡,对应社区中约3例可归因于RSV的死亡。对6月龄内婴儿提供保护的RSV被动免疫计划有望对减轻RSV疾病负担,但实施计划时,仍需要更多数据来了解RSV疾病负担高峰可能向大龄转移的影响。

关键词：呼吸道合胞病毒下呼吸道感染儿童疾病负担住院发病率死亡率病死率模型估计系统分析

Observatory science with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 97-138页

作者： Jean J.M.in 't Zand Enrico Bozzo JinLu Qu Xiang-Dong Li Lorenzo Amati Yang Chen Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Stephen A.Drake Margarita Hernanz Peter A.Jenke Thomas J.Maccarone Simin Mahmoodifar Domitilla de Martino Alessandra De Rosa Elena M.Rossi Antonia Rowlinson Gloria Sala Giulia Stratta Thomas M.Tauris Joern Wilms XueFeng Wu Ping Zhou Iván Agudo Diego Altamirano Jean-Luc Atteia Nils A.andersson M.Cristina Baglio David R.Ballantyne Altan Baykal Ehud Behar Tomaso Belloni Sudip Bhattacharyya Stefano Bianchi Anna Bilous Pere Blay Joao Braga Sφren Brandt Edward F.Brown Niccolo Bucciantini Luciano Burderi Edward M.Cackett Riccardo Campana Sergio Campana Piergiorgio Casella Yuri Cavecchi Frank Chambers Liang Chen Yu-Peng Chen Jér?me Chenevez Maria Chernyakova ChiChuan Jin Riccardo Ciolfi Elisa Costantini Andrew Cumming Antonino D'Aì Zi-Gao Dai Filippo D'Ammando Massimiliano De Pasquale Nathalie Degenaar Melania Del Santo Valerio D'Elia Tiziana Di Salvo Gerry Doyle Maurizio Falanga XiLong Fan Robert D.Ferdman Marco Feroci Federico Fraschetti Duncan K.Galloway Angelo F.Gambino Poshak Gandhi MingYu Ge Bruce Gendre Ramandeep gill Diego G?tz Christian Gouiffès Paola Grandi Jonathan Granot Manuel Güdel Alexander Heger Craig O.Heinke Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Kazushi Iwasawa Luca Izzo Long Ji Peter G.Jonker Jordi José Jelle S.Kaastra Emrah Kalemci Oleg Kargaltsev Nobuyuki Kawai Laurens Keek Stefanie Komossa Ingo Kreykenbohm Lucien Kuiper Devaky Kunneriath Gang Li En-Wei Liang Manuel Linares Francesco Longo FangJun Lu Alexander A.Lutovinov Denys Malyshev Julien Malzac Antonios Manousakis Ian McHardy Missagh Mehdipour YunPeng Men Mariano Méndez Roberto P.Mignani Romana Mikusincova M.Coleman Miller Giovanni Miniutti Christian Motch Joonas Nättilä Emanuele Nardini Torsten Neubert Paul T.O'Brien Mauro Orlandini Julian P.Osborne Luigi Pacciani Stéphane Paltani Maurizio Paolillo Iossif E.Papadakis Biswajit Paul Alberto Pellizzoni Uria Peretz Miguel A.Pérez Torres Emanuele Perinati Chanda Prescod-Weinstein Pablo Reig SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University INAF-IASF Bologna ASI Via del Politecnico snc INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ICREA&Institute of Space Sciences(IEEC-CSIC) Campus UABCarrer de Can Magrans CSPAR SPA University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Physics Texas Tech University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte Leiden Observatory Leiden University Anton Pannekoek Institute University of Amsterdam ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC-IEEC) Universitádegli Studi di Urbino‘Carlo Bo’ Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Dr.Karl-Remeis-Sternwarte and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich Alexander Universit?t Erlangen-Nurnberg Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Astrofysíca de Andalucia-CSIC Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton IRAP Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSCNES Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton New York University Abu Dhabi Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of PhysicsGeorgia Institute of Technology Physics Department Middle East Technical University Department of Physics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universitàdegli Studi Roma Tre Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark(DTU Space) Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Dipartimento di Fisica Universitádegli Studi di Cagliari Department of Physics and A

In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.

关键词： space research in struments nuclear astrophysics flare stars accretion and accretion disks mass loss and stellar winds cataclysmic binaries X-ray binaries supernova remnants active galactic nuclei X-ray bursts gamma-ray bursts gravitational waves

每核子14.6和60GeV能量下氧离子诱发核反应的带电粒子谱

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高能物理与核物理 1989年第10期13卷 865-869页

作者： M.I.Adamovich M.M.A■■arwal R.Arora Y.A.Alexandrov S.A.Azimov S.K.Badyal E.Basova K.B.Bhalla A.Bhasin V.S.Badyal R.A.Bomadarenko T.H.Burnett 蔡(冒力) L.P.Chernova M.M.Chernyavski B.Dressel E.M.Friedlander S.I.Gerassimov E.R.Ganssau■e S.Garpman S.G.Gerassimov A.gill J.Grote K.G.Gulamov V.G.Gulyamov V.K.Gupta S.Hackel H.H.Heckman B.Jakobsson B.Judek S.Katroo F.G.Kadyrov H.Kallies L.Karlsson G.L.Kaul M.Kaur S.P.Kharlamov J.Kohli V.Kumar P.Lal V.G.Larinova P.J.Lindstrom 刘连寿 S.Lokanathan J.Lord N.S.Lukicheva L.K.Man■otra N.V.Maslennikova I.S.Mitta E.Monnand S.Moolerjee C.Mueller S.H.Nasyrov V.S.Nvtny G.I.Orlova I.Otterlund N.G.Peresadko S.Persson N.V.Petrov 钱琬燕 R.Raniwala S.Raniwana N.K.Rao J.Y.Rhee N.Shaidkhanov N.G.Salmanova W.Schulz F.Schussler V.S.Shukla D.Skeldin■ K.Soderstrom E.Stanlund R.S.Storey 孙君芬 L.N.Svechnilova M.I.Tretyakova T.P.Trofimova 王海桥翁智群 R.J.Wilkes 许国发张东海郑蒲英周代翠周景晨列比切夫研究所旁加贝大学物理技术研究所查漠大学拉加斯坦大学核物印研究所华盛顿大学华中师范大学菲利浦斯大学劳伦斯-伯克利实验室隆德大学国家研究委员会原子能研究中心 )列比切夫研究所山西师范大学高能物理研究所

本文给出了每核子14.6和60GeV能量下氧离子诱发核反应的带电粒子多重数分布和赝快度分布.实验数据取自EMU-01乳胶叠,并与Lund Monte Carlo模型(FRITIOF)作了比较.

关键词：氧离子诱发核反应带电粒子谱

Improved measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux and spectrum at Daya Bay

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第1期41卷 11-46页

作者：安丰鹏 A.B.Balantekin H.R.Band M.Bishai S.Blyth 曹德文曹国富曹俊岑吴镕陳日朗常劲帆張立楚张昀陈和生陈泉佑陈少敏陈义学陈羽程佳樺程捷程雅苹成兆侃 J.J.Cherwinka 朱明中 A.Chukanov J.P.Cummings J.de Arcos 邓子艳丁雪峰丁雅韵 M.V.Diwan M.Dolgareva J.Dove D.A.Dwyer W.R.Edwards R.gill M.Gonchar 龚光华宫辉 M.Grassi 顾文强关梦云郭磊郭如盼郭新恒郭子溢 R.W.Hackenburg 韩然 S.Hans 何苗 K.M.Heeger 衡月昆 A.Higuera Y.K.Hor 熊怡胡貝禎胡涛胡维黄恩泉黄翰雄黄性涛 P.Huber 霍文驹 G.Hussain D.E.Jaffe P.Jaffke 任國綸 S.Jetter 季向盼季筱璐焦健斌 R.A.Johnson D.Jones J.Joshi 康丽 S.H.Kettell S.Kohn M.Kramer 關健强郭文伟郭天能 T.J.Langford K.Lau L.Lebanowski J.Lee 李曉菁雷瑞庭 R.Leitner 李超李登杰李飞李高嵩李秋菊黎山峰 S.C.Li 李卫东李小男李玉峰李志兵梁昊林政儒林贵林林盛鑫林士凱林禹丞凌家杰 J.M.Link L.Littenberg B.R.Littlejohn 刘大为刘江来刘金昌 C.W.Loh 陆昌国路浩奇陆稼书陆锦标吕志鹏马秋梅马晓妍马续波马宇倩 Y.Malyshkin D.A.Martinez Caicedo K.T.McDonald R.D.McKeown I.Mitchell M.Mooney Y.Nakajima J.Napolitano D.Naumov E.Naumova 倪浩然宁哲 J.P.Ochoa-Ricoux A.Olshevskiy 潘孝儒 J.Park S.Patton V.Pec 彭仁杰 L.Pinsky 潘振声齐法制祁鸣钱鑫 N.Raper 任杰 R.Rosero B.Roskovec 阮锡超 H.Steiner 孙功星孙吉良唐炜 D.Taychenachev K.TVeskov K.V.Tsang C.E.Tull N.Viaux B.Viren V.Vorobei 王正祥王萌王乃彦王瑞光王为王玺王贻芳王喆王铮王志民魏瀚宇温良剑 K.Whisnant C.G.White L.Whitehead T.Wise 黄显诺黄振辉 E.Worcester 吳珈豪吴群吴文杰夏冬梅夏经凯邢志忠徐建一徐吉磊徐晔薛涛杨长根杨海波杨雷阳马生杨梦婷叶梅 Z.Ye 叶铭芳杨炳麟于泽源曾珊占亮张超张宏浩张家文张清民张玄同张一鸣张一心张玉美张志坚张智勇张子平赵洁赵庆旺赵豫斌钟玮丽周莉 N.Zhou 庄红林邹佳恒 Institute of Modern Physics East China University of Science and Technology University of Wisconsin Department of Physics Yale University Brookhaven National Laboratory Department of Physics National Taiwan University National United University Nanjing University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong Institute of Physics National Chiao-Tung University Shandong University Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University North China Electric Power University Shenzhen University Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Siena College Department of Physics Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Beijing Normal University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Bronx Community College Department of Physics University of Houston Center for Neutrino Physics Virginia Tech China Institute of Atomic Energy University of Science and Technology of China School of Physics Nankai University Department of Physics University of Cincinnati Department of Physics College of Science and Technology Temple University Dongguan University of Technology Department of Physics University of California Department of Physics The University of Hong Kong Charles University Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Joseph Henry Laboratories Princeton University Department of Nuclear Science and Technology School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Instituto de F'?sica Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile California Institute of Technology College of William and Mary Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute China General Nuclear Power Group College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Iowa State University Chongqing University

A new measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. The antineutrinos were generated by six 2.9 GWth nuclear reactors and detected by eight antineutrino detectors deployed in two near（560 m and 600 m flux-weighted baselines） and one far（1640 m flux-weighted baseline） underground experimental halls. With 621 days of data, more than 1.2 million inverse beta decay（IBD） candidates were detected. The IBD yield in the eight detectors was measured, and the ratio of measured to predicted flux was found to be 0.946±0.020（0.992±0.021） for the Huber＋Mueller（ILL＋Vogel） model. A 2.9σ deviation was found in the measured IBD positron energy spectrum compared to the predictions. In particular, an excess of events in the region of 4–6 MeV was found in the measured spectrum, with a local significance of 4.4σ. A reactor antineutrino spectrum weighted by the IBD cross section is extracted for model-independent predictions.

关键词： antineutrino flux energy spectrum reactor Daya Bay