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Diesel engine exhaust exposures in two underground mines

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 641-645页

作者： Debia Maximilien Couture Caroline Njanga Pierre-Eric neesham-grenon eve Lachapelle Guillaume Coulombe Hugo Hallé Stéphane Aubin Simon Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Universite de Montreal 2375 chemin de la Cote Ste-Catherine Montreal H3T IA8 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering F.cole de Technologie Superieure 1100 rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montreal H3C 1K3 Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagie Mines 145 King Street East Suite 400 Toronto MSC 2Y7 Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine (IAMGOLD) Chemin Arthur Doyon PreissacJOY 2EO Canada Institut de recherche Robert-Sauve en sante et en securite du travail (IRSST) 505 Boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest Montreal H3A 3C2 Canada

Exposure to diesel engine exhaust(DE) is a major concern in underground mines. It has been linked to cardiopulmonary diseases and is classified as a human carcinogen. The goal of this study is to assess DE exposures in workers at two underground gold mines, to compare exposure levels within and between the mines, and to compare different methods of measuring DE exposures, namely respirable combustible dust(RCD), elemental carbon(EC) and total carbon(TC). Ambient and personal breathing zone(PBZ) measurements were taken. Side-by-side monitoring of RCD and of the respirable fraction of EC and TC(EC_Rand TC_R) was carried out in the workers' breathing zone during full-shift *** ambient measurements, in addition to EC_R, TC_Rand RCD, a submicron aerosol fraction(less than 1 mm) of EC and TC was also sampled(EC_1and TC_1). Average ambient results of 240 mg/m^3 in RCD, 150 mg/m^3 in EC_Rand 210 mg/m^3 in TC_Rare obtained. Average PBZ results of 190 mg/m^3 in RCD,84 mg/m^3 in EC3Rand 150 mg/min TC_Rare obtained. Very good correlation is found between EC_Rand EC_1 with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99(p < 0.01) calculated between the two logtransformed concentrations. No differences are reported between EC_Rand EC_1, nor between TC_Rand TC_1, since ratios are equal to 1.04, close to 1, in both cases. Highest exposures are reported for loadhaul-dump(LHD) and jumbo drill operators and conventional miners. Significant exposure differences are reported between mines for truck and LHD operators(p < 0.01). The average TC_R/EC_Rratio is 1.6 for PBZ results, and 1.3 for ambient results. The variability observed in the TC_R/EC_Rratio shows that interferences from non-diesel related organic carbon can skew the interpretation of results when relying only on TC data.

关键词： Diesel exposure Underground mine Respirable combustible dust Elemental carbon Total carbon Diesel particulate matter Similar exposure groups

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初中生 2024年第3期 24-25页

作者：伊夫·梅利亚姆不详

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Complications of Corticosteroid Therapy in Rheumatological Practice in Guinea

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 108-117页

作者： Aly Badra Kamissoko eve Urielle Amenan Ledjou Mamadou Lamine Diallo Abèni Faouzyath Yaya Mohamed Mouhoudhoiri Yasser Aboubacar Sidiki Condé Souleymane Camara Marie Traoré Abdoulaye Barry Moriba Touré Kaba Condé Owonayo Oniankitan Department of Rheumatology Ignace Deen University Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Rheumatology Cocody University Hospital Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Rheumatology Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lom Togo

Introduction: Corticosteroid therapy used in rheumatology is effective but can lead to complications. The objective was to describe the complications of corticosteroid therapy in rheumatological practice at Ignace Deen University Hospital (Conakry). Methods: Cross-sectional study from July 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023. All patients who had been diagnosed with a rheumatological disease and who had received corticosteroid therapy were included. Results: Of the 1489 patients suffering from rheumatological diseases, 238 (15.9%) had received corticosteroid therapy. The average age of the patients was 48.5 ± 17.16 years with a female predominance (70.5%). The main indications for corticosteroid therapy were lower back pain due to probable disco-radicular impingement (35.8%) followed by rheumatoid arthritis (21.9%). The predominant method of administration was infiltration (56.9%). The average dosage was 24.2 ± 13.5 mg prednisone equivalent (range: 5 mg and 40 mg). Complications were present in 26 patients (10.9%) such as muscle cramps (3.8%), hypocalcemia (3.4%), edema of the lower limbs (3%), stimulation of appetite and weight gain (3%), high blood pressure (2.5%), hyperglycemia (2.5%). The occurrence of complications was associated with the high dose of corticosteroid (p = 0.014) and long-term use (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Corticosteroid therapy used in 15.9% of consultations in the rheumatology department of Ignace Deen University Hospital led to 10.9% of complications. These complications were related to the dose and duration of corticosteroid therapy.

关键词： Corticosteroids Complications Guinea

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The Commitment to Promoting a Culture of Equity in Quebec Secondary Schools: Insights from School Stakeholders - A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第3期8卷 161-172页

作者： Corina Borri-Anadon Geneviève Audet eve Lemaire University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières Canada University of Quebec in Montreal Canada

This paper presents the results of a research project on the intercultural climate in schools and the academic success of immigrant students in *** intercultural climate in eight secondary public schools is documented from the standpoint of various school and community stakeholders,students,and *** specifically,the paper focuses on the commitment to promoting cultural equity,which is identified through interviews with the targeted stakeholders on exclusionary practices and processes and the practices implemented to counter *** results identify five areas of vulnerability among certain minoritized groups of students:the transition from welcoming to regular classes for those students learning French,evaluation and support for those experiencing learning or behavioral difficulties,the referral of these students to adult education programs or work-oriented training programs,their participation in extracurricular activities,and their access to special school ***,some schools do report the introduction of many equity practices in response to the exclusionary ***,these initiatives are mostly occasional and voluntary and pertain to interactions between *** findings call for a discussion on the importance of systemic and concerted initiatives towards achieving equity.

关键词： Educational inclusion and exclusion Educational inequalities Immigration and ethnicity Canada

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Germinal center-dependent and-independent immune responses of tumor-infiltrating B cells in human cancers

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 1040-1050页

作者： eve Playoust Romain Remark Eric Vivier Pierre Milpied Marseille Université CNRSINSERMCentre d’Immunologie de Marseille-LuminyMarseilleFrance Innate Pharma MarseilleFrance

B cells play essential roles in immunity,mainly through the production of high affinity plasma cells(PCs)and memory B(Bmem)*** affinity maturation and differentiation of B cells rely on the integration of B-cell receptor(BCR)intrinsic and extrinsic signals provided by antigen binding and the microenvironment,*** recent years,tumor infiltrating B(TIL-B)cells and PCs(TIL-PCs)have been revealed as important players in antitumor responses in human cancers,but their interplay and dynamics remain largely *** lymphoid organs,B-cell responses involve both germinal center(GC)-dependent and GC-independent pathways for Bmem cell and PC *** maturation of BCR repertoires occurs in GC reactions with specific spatiotemporal dynamics of signal integration by B *** general,the reactivation of high-affinity Bmem cells by antigens triggers GC-independent production of large numbers of PC without BCR *** B-cell dynamics in immune responses requires the integration of multiple tools and readouts such as single-cell phenotyping and RNA-seq,in situ analyses,BCR repertoire analysis,BCR specificity and affinity assays,and functional ***,we review how those tools have recently been applied to study TIL-B cells and TIL-PC in different types of solid *** assessed the published evidence for different models of TIL-B-cell dynamics involving GC-dependent or GC-independent local responses and the resulting production of antigen-specific ***,we highlight the need for more integrative B-cell immunology studies to rationally investigate TIL-B cells as a leverage for antitumor therapies.

关键词： antibody tertiary lymphoid structure plasma cell germinal center cancer

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Active explorers show low learning performance in a social insect

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 555-560页

作者： eve UDINO Margot PEREZ Claudio CARERE Patrizia d'ETTORRE Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology University Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cit6 93430 Villetaneuse France

An intriguing question in behavioral biology is whether consistent individual differences （calledanimal personalities） relate to variation in cognitive performance because commonly measuredpersonality traits may be associated with risk-reward trade-offs. Social insects, whose learningabilities have been extensively characterized, show consistent behavioral variability, both at colonyand at individual level. We investigated the possible link between personality traits and learningperformance in the carpenter ant Camponotus aethiops. Exploratory activity, sociability, and ag-gression were assessed twice in ant foragers. Behaviors differed among individuals, they werepartly repeatable across time and exploratory activity correlated positively with *** abilities were quantified by differential conditioning of the maxilla-labium extension re-sponse, a task that requires cue perception and information storage. We found that exploratory ac-tivity of individual ants significantly predicted learning performance：＂active-explorers＂ wereslower in learning the task than ＂inactive-explorers＂. The results suggest for the first time a link be-tween a personality trait and cognitive performance in eusocial insects, and that the underlying in-dividual variability could affect colony performance and success.

关键词： ants, associative learning, cognition, exploratory activity, personality.

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The importance of pre-and postcopulatory sexual selection promoting adaptation to increasing temperatures

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 321-327页

作者： Miguel Gomez-Llano eve Scott Erik I.Svensson Department of Biological Sciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK Department of Animal and Plant Sciences The University of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK Biology Department Lund UniversityEvolutionary Ecology UnitLund22362Sweden

Global temperatures are increasing rapidly affecting species *** if and how different species can adapt fast enough to keep up with increasing temperatures is of vital *** mechanism that can accelerate adaptation and promote evolutionary rescue is sexual *** different mechanisms by which sexual selection can facilitate adaptation are pre-and postcopulatory sexual ***,the relative effects of these different forms of sexual selection in promoting adaptation are ***,we present the results from an experimental study in which we exposed fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster to either no mate choice or 1 of 2 different sexual selection regimes(pre-and postcopulatory sexual selection)for 6 generations,under different thermal *** showed evidence of thermal adaptation under preco-pulatory sexual selection,but this effect was not detected in the postcopulatory sexual selection and the no choice mating *** further demonstrate that sexual dimorphism decreased when flies evolved under increasing temperatures,consistent with recent theory predicting more sexually concordant selection under environmental *** results suggest an important role for precopulatory sexual selection in promoting thermal adaptation and evolutionary rescue.

关键词： evolutionary rescue local adaptation climate change Drosophila sexual selection

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Identifying the measurements required to estimate rates of COVID-19 transmission, infection, and detection, using variational data assimilation

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 133-147页

作者： eve Armstrong Manuela Runge Jaline Gerardin Department of Physics New York Institute of Technology1855 BroadwayNew YorkNY10023USA Department of Astrophysics American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY10024USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University710 N Lake Shore Drive Suite 800ChicagoIL60611USA

We demonstrate the ability of statistical data assimilation(SDA)to identify the measurements required for accurate state and parameter estimation in an epidemiological model for the novel coronavirus disease *** context is an effort to inform policy regarding social behavior,to mitigate strain on hospital *** model unknowns are taken to be:the time-varying transmission rate,the fraction of exposed cases that require hospitalization,and the time-varying detection probabilities of new asymptomatic and symptomatic *** simulations,we obtain estimates of undetected(that is,unmeasured)infectious populations,by measuring the detected cases together with the recovered and dead-and without assumed knowledge of the detection *** a noiseless measurement of the recovered population,excellent estimates of all quantities are obtained using a temporal baseline of 101 days,with the exception of the time-varying transmission rate at times prior to the implementation of social *** low noise added to the recovered population,accurate state estimates require a lengthening of the temporal baseline of *** of all parameters are sensitive to the contamination,highlighting the need for accurate and uniform methods of *** aim of this paper is to exemplify the power of SDA to determine what properties of measurements will yield estimates of unknown parameters to a desired precision,in a model with the complexity required to capture important features of the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemiology Inference Measurement noise

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A cross-city molecular biogeographic investigation of arbuscular mycorrhizas in Conyza canadensis rhizosphere across native and non-native regions

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Ecological Processes 2015年第1期4卷 87-95页

作者： Manzoor A Shah Marie-eve Beaulieu Zafar A Reshi Salman Qureshi Damase P Khasa Department of Botany University of KashmirSrinagar-190006Jammu and KashmirIndia Canadian Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics and Institute of Integrative and Systems Biology Pavillon MarchandUniversitélavalQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Department of Geography(Landscape Ecology) Humboldt University of BerlinRudower Chaussee 1612489 BerlinGermany

Introduction:The ecological processes underlying the suppressive impacts of invasive species on native species diversity,both above-and below-ground,in non-native regions are not well *** therefore aimed to investigate the cross-city biogeographic patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)diversity in Conyza canadensis rhizosphere in native(North American)and non-native(Kashmir Himalayan)***:We recovered AMF spores from rhizospheric soils of Conyza in native and non-native ranges,besides doing so from the uninvaded sites in the introduced *** extracted from AMF spores was processed for cloning and PCR-RFLP of SSU rRNA gene to yield the restriction groups(RGs)followed by their sequence analysis to determine the sequence groups(SGs).Results:The results indicated greater diversity of RGs and SGs in Conyza rhizosphere in native than in non-native *** the introduced region,however,the AMF diversity was more in uninvaded than in invaded *** species composition of AMF varied significantly between native and non-native regions and so also between invaded and uninvaded ***:Though difference in AMF diversity between Conyza invaded and uninvaded sites may be attributed to invasion,the role of other evolutionary factors seems likely for differences between the native and non-native *** suggest that the ecological processes underlying these evolutionary differences in two biogeographic regions,besides the intensity of urbanization,might play some role in these differences.

关键词： Mycorrhizal symbiosis Conyza canadensis Evolution Kashmir Himalaya North America Plant invasion Urbanization

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Origin of the neuro-sensory system: new and expected insights from sponges

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第3期4卷 294-308页

作者： EMMANUELLE RENARD Jean VACELET eve GAZAVE Pascal LAPéBIE Carole BORCHIELLINI Alexander V.ERESKOVSKY Centre d’océanologie de Marseille CNRS–Aix-Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance Department of Embryology Saint-Petersburg State UniversitySt.PetersburgRussia

The capacity of all cells to respond to stimuli implies the conduction of information at least over short *** multicellular organisms,more complex systems of integration and coordination of activities are *** most animals,the processing of information is performed by a nervous *** the most basal taxa,sponges are nerveless so that it is traditionally assumed that the integrated neuro-sensory system originated only once in Eumetazoa,a hypothesis not in agreement with some recent phylogenomic *** aim of this review is to show that recent data on sponges might provide clues for understanding the origin of this complex ***,sponges are able to react to external stimuli,and some of them display spontaneous movement *** coordinated behaviors involve nervous system-like mechanisms,such as action potentials and/or ***,genomic analyses show that sponges possess genes orthologous to those involved in the patterning or function-ing of the neuro-sensory system in ***,some of these genes are expressed in specific cells(flask cells,choanocytes).Together with ultrastructural data,this gives rise to challenging hypotheses concerning cell types that might play neuro-sensory-like roles in sponges.

关键词： animal evolution choanocyte flask cells nervous system Porifera signal transduction.

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