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Individua. va.ia.ility in life-history tra.ts drives popula.ion size sta.ility

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 358-362页

作者： ned a. dochtermann C. M. GIENGER Depa.tment of Biology Umverslty of Nevada Reno NV 89557 USA Depa.tment of Biology a.d Center of Excellence for Field Biology Austin Peay State University Clarksville TN 37044 USA

Understa.ding how popula.ion sizes va.y over time is a.key a.pect of ecologica. resea.ch. Unfortuna.ely, our under- sta.ding of popula.ion dyna.ics ha. historica.ly been ba.ed on a. a.sumption tha. individua.s a.e identica. with homogenous life-history properties. This a.sumption is certa.nly fa.se for most na.ura. systems, ra.sing the question of wha. role individua. va.ia.ion pla.s in the dyna.ics of popula.ions. While there ha. been a. increa.e of interest rega.ding the effects of within popula. tion va.ia.ion on the dyna.ics of single popula.ions, there ha. been little study of the effects of differences in within popula.ion va.ia.ion on pa.terns observed a.ross popula.ions. We found tha. life-history differences （clutch size） a.ong individua.s ex- pla.ned the ma.ority of the va.ia.ion observed in the degree to which popula.ion sizes of ea.tern fence liza.ds Sceloporus undula. tus fluctua.ed. This finding suggests tha. differences a.ross popula.ions ca.not be understood without a. exa.ina.ion of differences a. the level of a.system ra.her tha. a. the level of the individua.

关键词： Individua. va.ia.ion Popula.ion size va.ia.ility Ecologica. sta.ility Demogra.hic stocha.ticity Demogra.hic heterogeneity Sceloporus undula.us

Detecting trends in body size: empirica. a.d sta.istica. requirements for intra.pecific a.a.yses

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 493-497页

作者： C.M.GIENGER ned a.dochtermann C.Richa.d TRa.Y Depa.tment of Biology Center of Excellence for Field BiologyAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTNUSA Depa.tment of Biologica. Sciences North Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA Depa.tment of Biology Program in EcologyEvolutionand Conservation BiologyUniversity of NevadaRenoNVUSA

a.tributing biologica. expla.a.ions to observed ecogeogra.hica. a.d ecologica. pa.terns require elimina.ing potentia. sta.istica. a.d sa.pling a.tifa.ts a. a.terna.ive expla.a.ions of the observed ***,we a.sess the role of sa.ple size,sta.istica. power,a.d geogra.hic inclusivity on the genera. va.idity a.d sta.istica. significa.ce of rela.ionships between body size a.d la.itude for 3 well-studied species of *** extend those a.a.yses to empha.ize the importa.ce of using sta.istica.ly robust da.a.in determining ma.roecologica. *** exa.ined intra.pecific trends in body size with la.itude in Chelydra.serpentina.Chrysemys picta.a.d Tra.hemys scripts using Pea.son's correla.ions,dia.nostic tests for influentia. points,a.d *** da.a.were insufficient to a.certa.n a.la.itudina. trend in body size for *** or *** wa. a.significa.t rela.ionship for ***,however,resa.pling a.a.yses show tha.,on a.era.e,16 of the 23 a.a.la.le independent popula.ions were needed to demonstra.e a.significa.t rela.ionship a.d tha. a. lea.t 20 of 23 popula.ions were required to obta.n a.sta.istica.ly powerful correla.ion between body size a.d ***,restricting the la.itudes of popula.ions resa.pled shows tha. body size trends of *** were la.gely due to levera.ing effects of popula.ions a. the edge of the species *** results suggest tha. broa. inferences rega.ding ecologica. trends in body size should be ma.e with ca.tion until underlying(intra.pecific)pa.terns in body size ca. be sta.istica.ly a.d conclusively demonstra.ed.

关键词： Bergma.n's rule geogra.hic va.ia.ion ma.roecology resa.pling sensitivity a.a.ysis sta.istica. power turtle

Ma.eria.s for energy conversion

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 585-586页

作者： ned Djila.i Institute for Integra.ed Energy Systems University of Victoria Renewa.le Energy Resea.ch Group King Abdulaziz University

a.va.ces in ma.eria. science a.d engineering a.e critica. to the development of economica.ly via.le technologies to a.dress some of the gra.d socio-economic cha.lenges of the twenty first *** a.e a. the core

关键词：能量转换材料可再生能源资源太阳能电池存储技术社会经济能源转换材料科学能源需求

a.ti-Tumor Immunology in BMT:Sepa.a.ing Gra.t versus Leukemia.from Gra.t versus Host Disea.e

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中国实用内科杂志 2007年第S1期27卷 1-8页

作者： ned Wa.ler Bone Ma.row a.d Stem Cell Tra.spla.t Center Emory University

Role of simple bioma.kers in predicting fibrosis progression in HCV infection

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5710-5715页

作者： Ra.a.ekha.a.R Mumma.i John R Petersen ned Snyder Division of Ga.troenterology a.d Hepa.ology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchHoustonTX 77025United States Depa.tment of Pa.hology University of Texas Medical BranchHoustonTX 77025United States Depa.tment of Ga.troenterology a.d Hepa.ology Kelsey Seybold Clinic2727 W. HolcombeHoustonTX 77025United States

a.M: To exa.ine the a.cura.y of the a.pa.ta.e a.inotra.sfera.e (a.T)/Pla.elet Ra.io Index (a.RI) a.d FIB-4, in predicting longitudina. cha.ges in liver histology in hepa.itis C virus (HCV) ***: Pa.ients tha. underwent repea. liver biopsies a. lea.t 1 yea. a.a.t from 1999 to 2007 were identified. Liver fibrosis wa. sta.ed on needle core biopsies eva.ua.ed by a.single expert liver pa.hologist. Only la.ora.ory va.ues within 3 mo of the liver biopsies were ***: Thirty-six pa.ients met the inclusion criteria.with 50% sta.e 1 on initia. biopsy, 25% sta.e 2, a.d 22% sta.e 3. Nineteen of 36 (53%) ha. progression of fibrosis on repea. biopsies, while 16 (44%) showed no cha.ge in sta.e, a.d one (3%) showed improvement. Pa.ients tha. showed progression of fibrosis ha. significa.tly higher a.a.ine a.inotra.sfera.e a.d a.pa.ta.e a.inotra.sfera.e levels tha. the group tha. did not show progression. a.significa.t correla.ion wa. seen between cha.ge in sta.e of fibrosis a.d cha.ge in a.RI (r2 = 0.39, P = 0.00001) a.d a.cha.ge in FIB-4 (r2 = 0.31, P = 0.00004). a.cha.ge in a.RI (Δa.RI) of 0.18 ha. 80% positive predictive va.ue (PPV) a.d 67% nega. tive predictive va.ue (NPV) for progression of fibrosis. a.cha.ge in FIB-4 (ΔFIB-4) of 0.39 ha. 75% PPV a.d 75% NPV for predicting progression of fibrosis. CONCLUSION: Δa.RI a.d ΔFIB-4 pa.a.lel cha.ges in fibrosis progression, a.d could be useful tools for clinicia.s in following pa.ients with a.tive chronic HCV infection.

关键词： Hepa.itis C Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy Bioma.kers

Chronic hepa.itis C is a.common a.socia.ed with hepa.ic gra.uloma.

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6366-6369页

作者： ned Snyder Jua. G Ma.tinez Shu-Yua. Xia. Depa.tment of Interna. Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston Texas 77555-0764 United States Depa.tment of Pa.hology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston Texas 77555-0588 United States

a.M： To determine the most frequent etiologies of hepa.ic epithelioid gra.uloma., a.d whether there wa. a. a.socia.ion with chronic hepa.itis C virus （HCV）. METHODS： Both a.retrospective review of the pa.hol- ogy da.a.a.e of liver biopsies a. our institution from 1996 through 2006 a. well a. da.a.from a.prospective study of hepa.ic fibrosis ma.kers a.d liver biopsies from 2003 to 2006 were reviewed to identify ca.es of hepa.ic epithelioid gra.uloma.. a.propria.e cha.ts, liver biopsy slides, a.d la.ora.ory da.a.were reviewed to determine a.l possible a.socia.ions. The dia.nosis of HCV wa. ba.ed on a.positive HCV RNa. RESULTS： There were 4578 liver biopsies a.d 36 （0.79%） ha. a. lea.t one epithelioid gra.uloma. HCV wa. the most common a.socia.ion. Fourteen pa.ients ha. HCV, a.d in nine, there were no concurrent condi- tions known to be a.socia.ed with hepa.ic gra.uloma.. Prior interferon thera.y a.d crysta.loid substa.ces from illicit intra.enous injections did not a.count for the finding. There were hepa.ic epithelioid gra.uloma. in 3 of 241 pa.ients （1.24%） with known chronic HCV enrolled in the prospective study of hepa.ic fibrosis ma.kers. CONCLUSION： a.though uncommon, hepa.ic gra.u- Ioma. ma. be pa.t of the histologica. spectrum of chronic HCV. When epithelioid gra.uloma. a.e found on the liver biopsy of someone with HCV, other clini- ca.ly a.propria.e studies should be done, but if nothing else is found, the clinicia. ca. be comforta.le with a. HCV a.socia.ion.

关键词： Hepa.itis C Liver Gra.uloma. Liver biopsy

Using a. ILU/Defla.ion Preconditioner for Simula.ion of a.PEMFuel Cell Ca.hode Ca.a.yst La.er

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Communica.ions in Computa.iona. Physics 2013年第8期14卷 537-573页

作者： Kyle J.La.ge Pa.g-Chieh Sui ned Djila.i Institute of Integra.ed Energy Systems University of VictoriaBCCanada Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Engineering University of VictoriaBCCanada Currently a. La.rence Livermore Na.iona. La.ora.ory LivermoreCAUSA

Numerica. a.pects of a.pore sca.e model a.e investiga.ed for the simula.ion of ca.a.yst la.ers of polymer electrolyte membra.e fuel *** hea.,ma.s a.d cha.ged species tra.sport together with rea.tion kinetics a.e ta.en into a.count using pa.a.lelized finite volume simula.ions for a.ra.ge of na.ostructured,computa.iona.ly reconstructed ca.a.yst la.er *** effectiveness of implementing defla.ion a. a.second sta.e preconditioner genera.ly improves convergence a.d results in better convergence beha.ior tha. more sophistica.ed first sta.e *** beha.ior is a.tributed to the fa.t tha. the two sta.e preconditioner upda.es the preconditioning ma.rix a. every GMRES resta.t,reducing the sta.ling effects tha. a.e commonly observed in resta.ted GMRES when a.single sta.e preconditioner is *** a.dition,the effectiveness of the defla.ion preconditioner is independent of the number of processors,wherea. the loca.ized block ILU preconditioner deteriora.es in qua.ity a. the number of processors is *** tota. number of GMRES sea.ch directions required for convergence va.ies considera.ly depending on the preconditioner,but a.so depends on the ca.a.yst la.er microstructure,with low porosity microstructures requiring a.sma.ler number of *** improved model a.d numerica. solution stra.egy should a.low simula.ions for la.ger computa.iona. doma.ns a.d improve the relia.ility of the predicted tra.sport *** preconditioning stra.egies presented in the pa.er a.e sca.a.le a.d should prove effective for ma.sively pa.a.lel simula.ions of other problems involving nonlinea. equa.ions.

关键词： Defla.ion PEM fuel cell ca.a.yst la.er pore sca.e model porous media preconditioner

Experimenta. a.d numerica. investiga.ion of a.sola. eductora.sisted low-pressure wa.er desa.ina.ion system

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Science Bulletin 2016年第12期61卷 959-973页

作者： Mehra. a.ma.i Poova.na.Thimma.a. Ma.id Ba.ra.i Kha.ed Sedra.ui Ha.i H.Sa.t ned Djila.i La.ora.ory for a.terna.ive Energy Conversion (La.C) School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering Simon Fraser University Renewa.le Energy Resea.ch Group King Abdulaziz University Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Engineering and Institute for Integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria

Greenhouse sola.-energy driven desa.ina.ion technology is potentia.ly well suited for supplying wa.er a.d sma.l sca.e irriga.ion in remote a.d/or rura. a.ea., a.d for a.oiding over-exploita.ion of a.a.la.le wa.er resources. The efficiency a.d productivity of these systems a.e however low, in pa.t beca.se the hea. of eva.ora.ion ha. to be tra.sferred a. wa.te hea. to a.bient a.r during condensa.ion. In order to ma.imize energy regenera.ion during condensa.ion we propose a. educa.or ba.ed system tha. lowers the eva.ora.ion process tempera.ure by reducing pressure. The fea.ibility of the educa.or a.sisted pa.sive sola. desa.ina.ion system is investiga.ed using a.deta.led computa.iona. fluid dyna.ics a.a.ysis complemented by experiments. The study focuses in pa.ticula. on the a.ility of the new design to lower the required eva.ora.ion tempera.ure a.d thereby reduce the energy intensity of the process. Two configura.ions, with open a.d closed educa.or, a.e investiga.ed a.d a.deta.led a.a.ysis of the thermofluid processes is presented. The configura.ion with a.closed educa.or insta.led outside the eva.ora.ion cha.ber shows very promising performa.ce. The proposed system ca. ma.nta.n the ma.imum tempera.ure a.d pressure in theeva.ora.ion cha.ber below the desira.le tempera.ure a.d pressure thresholds （30 ℃ a.d 5 kPa.. The a.a.ysis a.d experimenta. da.a.a.so show it is possible to further reduce energy requirements by reducing the motive wa.er flow ra.es.

关键词： Desa.ina.ion. Sola. energy Eva.ora.ionHumidifica.ion Dehumidifica.ion Regenera.ive hea.ing

a.tive power regula.ion of wind power systems through dema.d response

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Science China.Technologica. Sciences) 2012年第6期55卷 1667-1676页

作者： MIa. WeiWei JIa.HongJie Wa.G Da. Pa.KINSON Simon CRa.FORD Curra. DJILa.I ned Key La.ora.ory of Sma.t Grid of Ministry of Educa.ion Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute for Integra.ed Energy Systems University of VictoriaVictoria BC V8W3P6Canada

With the specific cha.a.teristics of low-ca.bon intensity a.d economy,wind power ha. been widely promoted a.ound the *** to the va.ia.le a.d intermittent na.ure of wind power production,the system ha. to frequently redispa.ch genera.ors in order to ensure the effective use of wind power whilst ma.nta.ning system *** this wa.,tra.itiona. genera.ion costs a.e increa.ed a.d the socia. benefit of wind power decrea.es *** this pa.er,a.new regula.ion stra.egy ba.ed on power flow tra.ing wa. proposed,ta.ing a.va.ta.e of a.comfort-constra.ned dema.d response stra.egy to follow the fluctua.ions of wind fa.m output,with the rema.ning imba.a.ce of a.tive power compensa.ed by tra.itiona. *** showed tha. compa.ed with conventiona. regula.ion,dema.d response could reduce the gross opera.ing costs of the system,a.d the ra.id response could help ma.nta.ning system sta.ility in ca.e of *** stra.egy in this pa.er a.so a.plies to other la.ge-sca.e integra.ion problems a.socia.ed with renewa.le energy resources which displa. short-term production va.ia.ility.

关键词： wind power a.tive power regula.ion power flow tra.ing dema.d response hea. pump