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World Journal of Hepatology 2025年第1期17卷 172-175页

作者： Ammara A Majeed Amna s Butt Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

Due to sedentary lifestyle and rising prevalence of obesity,patients with general population and those who are infected with chronic hepatitis B are found to have metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MAsLD).Both chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and MAsLD can damage hepatocytes in their own way,but concomitant HBV-MAsLD has its own clinical *** on top is the presence of diabetes mellitus,hypertension or obesity which added more chances of unfavorable outcomes in these *** this article,we co-mment on the article by Wang et al published in the recent *** article provides a comprehensive overview of the complex interaction between HBV-MAsLD,HBV alone and MAsLD alone *** discuss key findings from recent studies,including the promising outcomes observed in patients with concurrent HBV and MAsLD,warrants further *** insights presented here offer renewed understanding of this complex interaction.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B virus infection Obesity Metabolic syndrome Liver fibrosis steatotic liver disease

Bridging the gap:The role of technological advances in shaping gastrointestinal oncological outcomes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第3期17卷 29-37页

作者： Nuno J G Rama Inês sousa Division of Colorectal surgical Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal Department of surgical Leiria Hospital CentreLeiria 2410-021Portugal

Gastrointestinal(GI)cancers are highly prevalent and considered a major global health *** approach has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past years due to the development of new technologies that enabled better outcomes regarding their diagnosis and *** include artificial intelligence,robotics,next-generation sequencing and personalized ***,the integration of these advances into everyday clinical practice remains complex and challenging as we are still trying to figure out if these innovations tangibly improve oncological outcomes or if the current state of art should remain as the gold standard for the treatment of these ***,there are also some issues regarding ethical subjects,data privacy,finances and *** surgery concept has evolved considerably over the past decades,especially for oncological *** aims to customize medical treatments and to operate on those patients who most likely will benefit from a specific surgical *** the future,to improve GI oncological outcomes,a delicate balance between technological advances adoption and evidence-based care should be *** we move forward,the question will be to harness the power of innovation while keeping up the highest standards of patient care.

关键词： Technology Innovation Gastrointestinal oncology Outcomes Artificial intelligence Precision surgery

Green synthesis of glycolic acid through the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid over black TiO_(2): An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 544-556页

作者： Hugo Olvera-Vargas Oscar Andrés Jaramillo-Quintero Luis Darío Alarcón León Orlando Castro-Ocampo Christian A.Celaya Marina E.Rincón Jesús Muñiz Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IER-UNAM)Priv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixcoMorelos.CP 62580Mexico Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Km 107Carretera Tijuana-EnsenadaEnsenadaB.C.C.P.22800Mexico

Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an *** acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic *** results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally *** reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic *** is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental *** is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.

关键词： Chemical energy storage Electrochemical hydrogenation Density functional theory Renewable energy Oxalic acid

A Greener Future: Carbon Nanomaterials from Lignocellulose

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第1期13卷 21-47页

作者： Hebat-Allah s.Tohamy Mohamed El-sakhawy samir Kamel Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Lignocellulosic materials(LCMs),abundant biomass residues,pose signiﬁcant environmental challenges when improperly disposed ***,such as sugarcane bagasse,rice straw,saw dust and agricultural residues,are abun-dant but often burned,contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas *** review explores the potential of transforming these materials into high-value carbon nanomaterials(CNMs).We explore the potential of transforming these materials into high-value *** employing techniques like carbonization and activa-tion,LCMs can be converted into various CNMs,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene(G),graphene oxide(GO),carbon quantum dots(CQDs),nanodiamonds(NDs),fullerenes(F),carbon nanoﬁbers(CNFs),and *** different carbon allotropes further enhances their *** derived from cellulose,lignin,and hemicellulose exhibit promising applications in diverseﬁ*** instance,CNTs can be used in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical ***,CNTs can be incorporated into recycled paper as aﬁre retardant additive,enhancing itsﬂame resistance.G,renowned for its high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity,ﬁnds applications in electronics,sensors,catalysis,and water treatment,where it can be used to adsorb heavy metal ***,owing to their unique optical properties,are used in bioimaging,drug delivery,and optoelectronic *** harnessing the potential of LCMs,we can not only mitigate environmental concerns but also contri-bute to a sustainable *** research is essential to optimize synthesis methods,explore novel applica-tions,and unlock the full potential of these versatile materials.

关键词： Lignocellulosic materials carbon-based nanomaterials carbon allotropes

Hybrid bidirectional quantum communication with different levels of control with simulation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第1期77卷 65-91页

作者： Plaban saha Manoj Kumar Mandal Binayak s Choudhury soumen samanta Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah—711103West BengalIndia Department of Applied science and Humanities Haldia Institute of TechnologyHatiberiaHaldiaPurba Medinipur—721657West BengalIndia

In this paper,we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially *** one party,Alice,it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party,Bob,it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party,*** protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers,Charlie and *** is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are *** is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five *** generation of this channel through a circuit is *** protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum *** also study the effect of noise on our ***,amplitude-damping,bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.

关键词： remote state preparation joint remote state preparation hierarchy entangled state quantum circuit controlled protocol

Bacteria and host: what does this mean for sepsis bottleneck?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 10-17页

作者： Azzah s Alharbi Raghad Hassan sanyi Esam I Azhar Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21362Saudi Arabia special Infectious Agent Unit King Fahad Medical Research CenterKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21362Saudi Arabia College of Health and Medical Technology Middle Technical UniversityBaghdad 10047Iraq Department of Medical Laboratory sciences Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21362Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND: sepsis is a life-threatening inflammatory condition in which the invading pathogen avoids the host's defense mechanisms and continuously stimulates and damages host cells. Consequently, many immune responses initially triggered for protection become harmful because of the failure to restore homeostasis, resulting in ongoing hyperinflammation and immunosuppression. METHODs: A literature review was conducted to address bacterial sepsis, describe advances in understanding complex immunological reactions, critically assess diagnostic approaches, and emphasize the importance of studying bacterial bottlenecks in the detection and treatment of ***: Diagnosing sepsis via a single laboratory test is not feasible;therefore, multiple key biomarkers are typically monitored, with a focus on trends rather than absolute values. The immediate interpretation of sepsis-associated clinical signs and symptoms, along with the use of specific and sensitive laboratory tests, is crucial for the survival of patients in the early stages. However, long-term mortality associated with sepsis is now recognized, and alongside the progression of this condition, there is an in vivo selection of adapted ***: Bacterial sepsis remains a significant cause of mortality across all ages and societies. While substantial progress has been made in understanding the immunological mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response, there is growing recognition that the ongoing host-pathogen interactions, including the emergence of adapted virulent strains, shape both the acute and long-term outcomes in sepsis. This underscores the urgent need for novel high-throughput diagnostic methods and a shift toward more pre-emptive, rather than reactive, treatment strategies in sepsis care.

关键词： sepsis Bacteria Bottleneck Inflammation

Vagus nerve stimulation in intracerebral hemorrhage:the need for further research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3213-3214页

作者： sheharyar s.Baig Ali N.Ali Arshad Majid sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience Division of NeuroscienceThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

Vagus nerve stimulation(VNs)and stroke:stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide(Baig et al.,2023).There have been significant paradigm shifts in the management of acute ischemic stroke through mechanical *** chronic ischemic stroke,invasive VNs paired with rehabilitation is associated with a significant increase in upper limb motor recovery and is FDA-approved(Baig et al.,2023).There are no treatments of similar efficacy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)where several promising trials,e.g.,TICH-2,sTOP-AUsT,and TRAIGE did not show improvements in functional outcomes(Puy et al.,2023).

关键词： stimulation acute

Microstructure and mechanical properties of welds of AZ31B magnesium alloy produced by different gas tungsten arc welding variants

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 98-110页

作者： s.srinivasan R.Ravi Bharath A.Atrens P.Bala srinivasan school of Mechanical Engineering SASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur 613401India Welding Research Institute Bharat Heavy Electricals LimitedTiruchirappalli 620014India school of Mechanical and Mining Engineering Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia High Energy Batteries(India)Limited MathurTiruchirappalli 622515India

This work aimed to(i)understand conventional and pulse gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)of AZ31B,and(ii)explore high frequency welding(100 Hz-1500 Hz).GTA welding with alternating current(AC)and direct current electrode positive(DCEP)polarities yielded crack-free partial penetration welds for6 mm thick AZ31B alloy *** under direct current electrode negative(DCEN)polarity with identical parameters as that for AC and DCEP resulted in full penetration welds that had ***-free full-penetration welds could be accomplished with pulse GTA welding using DCEN polarity at a pulse frequency of 1 Hz with a pulse duration ratio of 1:*** resultant DCEN P 1:1 weld metal had a microstructure finer than the conventional DCEN *** produced with pulse duration ratios of 1:2and 1:4 lacked penetration but had a much finer microstructures because of the lower heat *** arc constriction by the high frequency pulsing in the Activ Arc■-High frequency(AA-HF)mode welding was responsible for deeper *** produced under DCEN pulsing and AA-HF conditions had hardness higher than conventional DCEN,DCEP and AC GTA welds,attributed to the finer ***-HF GTA welding produced defect free deeper penetration welds with good microstructural features/mechanical properties and also gave an advantage of 50%enhanced productivity when welded at1500 Hz.

关键词： AZ31B alloy Pulse GTAW High frequency Microstructure Mechanical properties Productivity

Role of photon-counting computed tomography in pediatric cardiovascular imaging

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 55-62页

作者： Arosh s Perera Molligoda Arachchige Yash Verma Faculty of Medicine Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele 20072Italy Department of Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Photon-counting computed tomography(PCCT)represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular *** CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible light,whereas PCCT utilizes photon-counting detectors that directly transform X-ray photons into electric *** direct conversion allows photon-counting detectors to sort photons into discrete energy levels,thereby enhancing image quality through superior noise reduction,improved spatial and contrast resolution,and reduced *** pediatric applications,PCCT offers substantial benefits,including lower radiation doses,which may help reduce the risk of malignancy in pediatric patients,with perhaps greater potential to benefit those with repeated exposure from a young *** spatial resolution facilitates better visualization of small structures,vital for diagnosing congenital heart ***,PCCT’s spectral capabilities improve tissue characterization and enable the creation of virtual monoenergetic images,which enhance soft-tissue contrast and potentially reduce contrast media *** clinical results indicate that PCCT provides superior image quality and diagnostic accuracy compared to conven-tional CT,particularly in challenging pediatric cardiovascular *** PCCT technology matures,further research and standardized protocols will be essential to fully integrate it into pediatric imaging practices,ensuring optimized diagnostic outcomes and patient safety.

关键词： Cardiovascular Photon-counting detectors Pediatric Photon-counting computed tomography Computed tomography

Transforming osteosarcoma care:from historical milestones to precision medicine advances

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science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 290-294页

作者： Jichuan Wang David s.Geller Luyang sun Xiaodong Tang Musculoskleletal Tumor Center Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal TumorsPeking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100041China Department of Orthopedic surgery Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronx 10471USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Osteosarcoma(Os),one of the earliest recognized cancers in humans,is a rare yet significant malignant bone tumor,diagnosed in 2-6 cases per million annually[1].It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults,with a second peak in incidence occurring around age *** osteosarcoma typically arises in areas of rapid bone growth,such as the knee and shoulder,and often presents persistent bone pain and progressive *** osteosarcoma often has a classic radiographic appearance,diagnosis is ultimately confirmed histologically.

关键词： osteosarcoma diagnosis annually